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xyloidin Chem.
(zaɪˈlɔɪdɪn, formerly zaɪˈləʊɪdɪn)
Also -ine.
[ad. F. xyloïdine (Braconnot), f. Gr. ξυλοείδης, f. ξύλον wood: see -oid and -in1.]
An explosive substance, C6H9(NO2)O5, allied to pyroxylin, obtained by treating starch or vegetable fibre with nitric acid.
1838T. Thomson Chem. Org. Bodies 664 note, M. Braconnot, by digesting saw-dust of wood, or potatoe starch, in concentrated nitric acid, obtained a mucilaginous solution... Water coagulated it, and separated a white caseous substance, to which he has given the name of xyloidin. 1850Fownes' Chem. (ed. 3) 388 Both xyloidine and pyroxyline appear to be substitution-compounds, in which the elements of nitrous acid replace, to a certain extent, those of water in starch and lignine. 1868Watts Dict. Chem. V. 1060 Xyloïdin is a white, inodorous, and tasteless powder... Xyloïdin when struck decomposes with detonation, but not so violently as gun-cotton. |