| 释义 |
▪ I. lighter, n.1|ˈlaɪtə(r)|
Forms: (5 lightor, 6 -ur), 6 lyghter, 6–8 lyter, 7 liter, 7–8 leighter, loiter, (7 loyter), 5– lighter.
[f. light v.1 (sense 2) + -er1, or ad. Du. lichter of equivalent formation.]
A boat or vessel, usually a flat-bottomed barge, used in lightening or unloading (sometimes loading) ships that cannot be discharged (or loaded) at a wharf, etc., and for transporting goods of any kind, usually in a harbour.
1487in Arnolde Chron. (1811) 113 R. A. shall haue free choise..for the said tonne wyne to be taken in the lighter at his plesur. 1545in R. G. Marsden Sel. Pl. Crt. Adm. I. (1894) 137 Suche goodes wares or merchandises which is [laden] into any suche lyghter or lyghters to thintent to cary the same..from land aborde any shyppe or from borde any shippe to land. 1634W. Wood New Eng. Prosp. (1865) 47 These flatts make it unnavigable for shippes, yet at high water great Boates, Loiters, and Pinnaces of 20, and 30 tun, may saile up to the plantation. 1728Pope Dunc. ii. 275 He said, and climb'd a stranded Lighter's height. 1776Adam Smith W.N. v. i. (1869) II. 307 The lighters which sail upon a navigable canal. 1878Huxley Physiogr. 2 Barges, lighters, and other boats are thus enabled..to float up or down the river.
transf.1831Lamb Elia Ser. ii. To Shade of Elliston, What tearing off of histrionic robes..before the surly Ferryman will admit you to set a foot within his battered lighter.
b. attrib. and Comb., as lighter-boat, lighter-builder, lighter-master. Also lighterman.
1610J. Guillim Heraldry iv. ii. (1611) 216 He beareth or a lighter boat in fesse gules. 1638Plymouth Col. Rec. (1855) I. 94 The leighter master shall haue tenn shillings for his man & his leighter for xxiiij howers. 1640in T. Lechford's Note-Bk. (1885) 375 One Lighter boate of the burthen of twenty tunnes. 1722De Foe Plague (1754) 112 Lighter-builders [were] idle, and laid by.
▪ II. lighter, n.2|ˈlaɪtə(r)|
[f. light v.2 + -er1.]
1. One who lights or kindles. Also lighter-up (see quot. 1921).
1553Becon Reliques of Rome (1563) 26* A lighter and carier of candels. 1753,1853[see candle-lighter 1]. 1885Pall Mall G. 3 Nov. 4/2 The display [of fireworks]..costs about {pstlg}300. Twelve lighters are stationed at different points, and obey the signal at the same moment. 1909Westm. Gaz. 21 Apr. 8/1 Robert Brown, lighter-up [at locomotive shed] slight cut on left eyebrow. 1921Dict. Occup. Terms (1927) §709 Lighter-up, carries live coals from fire hearth in shed to engine fire box.
2. a. An instrument for lighting; esp. a piece of twisted or folded paper used for lighting a pipe, etc.
1851J. H. Newman Cath. in Eng. 247 He evidently thinks there is something religious about this lighter and extinguisher. 1856Mrs. Browning Aur. Leigh viii. 177 This..letter, which Sir Blaise Has twisted to a lighter..To fire some holy taper. 1893Lloyd & Hadcock Artillery 222 Without a ‘lighter’ it [cordite] does not readily ignite.
b. = cigarette lighter (see cigarette 2); also any similar mechanical contrivance for lighting a gas-fire, etc. So lighter-fluid, lighter-fuel, the fuel used to work a lighter.
1895Montgomery Ward Catal. Spring & Summer 554/2 There are two lighters, to be used with alcohol. 1907Yesterday's Shopping (1969) 243/3 The ‘Telescopic’ Gas Lighter. The best substitute for matches. 1913Kipling Diversity of Creatures (1917) 274 He smelt of rare soaps and cigarettes—such cigarettes as he handed me from a golden box with an automatic lighter. 1930Sayers & ‘Eustace’ Documents in Case xxxvii. 105, I came in to retrieve a garment or lighter that he had borrowed. 1947‘N. Blake’ Minute for Murder ii. 47 A thin cylindrical object..rather like a lighter-fuel container. 1955W. Gaddis Recognitions ii. i. 317 Setting fire to his hand dipped in lighter fluid. 1956E. Ambler Night-Comers iv. 85 She had a box of Kleenex and a can of lighter fluid... She began to wipe off the grease. 1959New Statesman 19 Sept. 354/2 The pipe had an aircooled aluminium stem, the lighter was butane-fuelled and had a Cadillac ‘V’ on the side. 1960‘H. Carmichael’ Seeds of Hate xix. 157 There had been a stain on the sleeve..and he had removed it with lighter fuel. 1961Esquire Aug. 59/2 He kept the bottles on a shelf in a clump of lighter fluid and Never-Leak cans. 1974M. Gilbert Flash Point xii. 102 ‘You haven't got a cigarette by any chance?’..Patrick got out his case. The girl..took one, and got out her own lighter.
▪ III. lighter, v.|ˈlaɪtə(r)|
[f. lighter n.1]
trans. To remove or transport (goods) in a lighter, or as in a lighter. Also absol. or intr.
1840Evid. Hull Docks Comm. 212 Whenever you lighter goods from this new contemplated dock. 1861Smiles Engineers II. 195 Their cargoes were lightered to the ware⁓houses higher up the Thames. 1885Century Mag. XXX. 739 Our effects..were lightered ashore by means of the Indian canoes. 1885Law Times LXXIX. 143/2 A standing agreement..that he should not lighter as a common carrier.
Hence ˈlightering vbl. n.
1840Evid. Hull Docks Comm. 18 Would not that very considerably increase the expense of your lightering? 1858T. Dalton in Merc. Marine Mag. V. 337 The lightering to ships in the roads is done..by American..brigs. |