| 释义 |
yellows|ˈjɛləʊz|
[Plural of yellow n., used in specific senses.]
I.
1. Jaundice, chiefly in horses and cattle.
1561Norwich Depos. (1905) 65 The horse had a disease running through him which was called the yellows. 1585Higins Junius' Nomencl. 454/1 Arquatus,..that hath the yellowes, or the iaunders. 1596Shakes. Tam. Shr. iii. ii. 54 His horse..raied with the Yellowes. 1607Merry Devil Edmonton v. ii. 16 If I doe not indite him at the next assisses for Burglary, let me die of the yellowes. 1616Surfl. & Markh. Country Farm 147 For a Horse that is troubled with the Yellowes, you shall first let him bloud. 1733W. Ellis Chiltern & Vale Farm. 220 This is apt to gripe them, and bring on the Yellows. 1799A. Young Agric. Linc. 377 They lose many lambs of the yellows, from August to the middle of September. 1805R. W. Dickson Pract. Agric. II. 1133 The Yellows, which is a disease to which cows are very subject. 1871G. H. Napheys Prev. & Cure Dis. iii. ix. 995 Jaundice is also known under the name of the yellows.
†2. fig. Jealousy: see yellow a. 2. Obs.
1601B. Jonson Ev. Man in Hum. (Qo.) V. i, You haue a spice of the yealous yet both of you, (in your hose I meane). 1638Ford Fancies ii. ii, Troy. Yet is this Batchelor miracle not free From the epidemical head-ach. Liv. The Yellowes. Troy. Huge jealous fits. 1638R. Brathwait Barnabees Jrnl. F ij, Alwayes frolick, free from yellows.
3. a. A disease of wheat: see quots. 1771, 1815. b. A disease of peach-trees, in which many sterile shoots are produced and the leaves turn yellow (= peach-yellows: see peach n.1 6).
1771Gullet in Phil. Trans. LXII. 350 What the farmers call the yellows in wheat,..occasioned by a small yellow fly with blue wings, about the size of a gnat. 1808[see peach yellows s.v. peach n.1 6]. 1815Farmer's Mag. 385 The yellows in wheat is a small grub that eats the corn out of the ear before it is ripe. 1848Lowell Biglow P. i. 111 'Fore they think on 't they will sprout (Like a peach thet's got the yellers), With the meanness bustin' out. 1897L. H. Bailey Fruit-growing 45 In New York the failure [of peach-growing] is often attributed to yellows.
c. A similar virus or deficiency disease in other plants.
1822S. Deane New-England Farmer (ed. 3) 318/2 Peach trees are subject to a disease called the ‘Yellows’, of which we have seen no particular description. 1926Amer. Jrnl. Bot. XIII. 647 Asters affected with yellows never show mottling. 1933Times Lit. Suppl. 16 Mar. 187/2 A disease of the tea-bush known as ‘yellows’ is due to a deficiency of sulphur in the soil. 1957New Scientist 8 Aug. 31/3 At least 2,800 tons of beet were lost from yellows infection..in the Shotley peninsula.
II.
4. Name for certain plants yielding a yellow dye, as Genista tinctoria and Reseda Luteola; also dial. for certain plants with yellow flowers, as the wild mustard, Sinapis arvensis, and the wild cabbage, Brassica campestris.
1601Holland Pliny xxxiii. v. II. 471 An hearb called likewise Lutea. marg., Some take it to be weld or yellows. 1638Ford Fancies v. ii, Burnish my forehead with the juyce of yellowes. 1790W. Marshall Rural Econ. Midl. Co. (1796) II. Gloss. (E.D.S.), Yellows, dyers' broom.
5. A miner's term for yellow copper ore occurring in tin mines.
1859R. Hunt Guide Mus. Pract. Geol. (ed. 2) 122 Several tin mines were abandoned when the miners came to the ‘yellows’; this was the yellow copper ore, and their saying was that the ‘yellows cut out the tin’. |