| 释义 |
limnology|lɪmˈnɒlədʒɪ|
[f. Gr. λίµνη lake, marsh + -λογία -logy.]
(The study of) the physical, chemical, geological, and biological aspects of lakes and other bodies of fresh stagnant (sometimes also of fresh flowing) water.
1893Geogr. Jrnl. I. 353 He [sc. Friedrich Simony]..became the founder of the special branch of science termed by Forel, Limnology, or the scientific study of lakes. 1895Athenæum 10 Aug. 195/3 Limnology was dealt with [at the Geographical Congress] by Dr. F. A. Forel. 1899Pop. Sci. Monthly Sept. 709 The study of microscopic aquatic life and general limnology. 1929Jrnl. Ecol. XVII. 106 A generation or so ago the general conception of the word limnology was that it covered the subject of the physiography of lakes, and that freshwater biology..was more or less a separate science... As the biology of fresh waters developed this branch of science was fairly often included within the range of the word limnology, but still the term continued to be frequently used for the physiographical aspect of lake investigations only, and the notion of limnology as a mere branch of physical geography separated from the biological side of the question persisted. That definition must now be entirely abandoned... The subject of limnology, then, is the study of everything connected with fresh waters—both stagnant and running—their geography, physical features, chemistry, biology, geology of the substrata and basins, in short the Natural History of fresh waters in the broadest sense of the word. 1938Jrnl. Wildlife Managem. II. 94 (heading) Fish biology and limnology of Crater Lake, Oregon. 1946Nature 21 Sept. 421/1 Up-to-date knowledge and theory of limnology—the freshwater equivalent of oceanography—has been combined with practical experience of waterworks. 1971New Scientist 4 Feb. 236/1 The professor of limnology at the University of Lund.
So limnoˈlogical a., of or pertaining to limnology; limnoˈlogically adv.; limˈnologist, one who studies lakes.
1896Rep. 6th Internat. Geogr. Congr. 1895 601 Such study [of British lakes] has been for the most part occasional and unsystematic, being only in rare cases worthy of being termed limnological. 1909Webster, Limnologically. 1910Murray & Pullar Bathymetrical Survey Scottish Fresh-Water Lochs I. 9 Several foreign limnologists have visited the Scottish lochs. 1933Geogr. Jrnl. LXXXI. 380 A German limnological expedition was at work in the Dutch East Indies. 1957G. E. Hutchinson Treat. Limnol. I. i. 22 Limnologically, this difference is not of any particular significance. Ibid. 27 The Lago di Nemi, famous in antiquity.., is also a lake of considerable limnological interest. 1967Economist 29 July 414/3 The Lake Tahoe Area Council..has spent thousands of dollars on engineering and limnological studies. 1970Nature 25 July 420/2 The English Lake District has been and is still a mecca for limnologists. |