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单词 animal spirits
释义 animal spirits
(formerly, spirit).
[See animal B 1.]
1. orig. The supposed ‘spirit’ or principle of sensation and voluntary motion; answering to nerve fluid, nerve force, nervous action. Obs.
1543Traheron Vigo's Chirurg. Interpr., Physitions teache that there ben thre kindes of spirites, animal, vital, and naturall. The animal spirite hath his seate in the brayne, and is spredde in to all the bodye by synnowes, gyuyng facultie of mouynge, and felynge. It is called animal, bycause it is the first instrument of the soule, whych the Latins call animam.1549Compl. Scotl. vi. 67 Al my spreitis vital ande animal.1594T. B. La Primaud. Fr. Acad. To Reader, The braine for the animall spirite, the heart for the vitall, and the liver for the naturall.1607Topsell Four-footed Beasts (1673) 272 Those conducts through which the spirits animal do give feeling and moving to the body.a1652J. Smith Sel. Disc. iv. 124 That part of the brain from whence all those nerves that conduct the animal spirits up and down the body take their first original.1667Milton P.L. iv. 805 If..he might taint Th' animal Spirits that from pure blood arise.1732Berkeley Min. Philos. I. 134 Animal Spirits..are the Messengers, which running to and fro in the Nerves, preserve a Communication between the Soul and outward Objects.1777Priestley Matt. & Spir. (1782) xx. I. 259 The doctrine of animal spirits.
b. fig. pl. Nerves, sinews (as in ‘sinews of war’).
1719W. Wood Surv. Trade 295 The Increase of our Foreign Trade..whence has arisen all those Animal Spirits, those Springs of Riches which has enabled us to spend so many millions for the preservation of our Liberties.
2. Nerve, physical or ‘animal’ courage. Obs.
1700Hicks in Pepys Corr. 372 Sights..which others of more passive tempers, and a less stock of animal spirits, could not so well endure.1719De Foe Crusoe 39 That the Surprise may not drive the Animal Spirits from the Heart.Ibid. (1858) 548 The animal spirits sink.
3. collect. pl. Nervous vivacity, natural gayety of disposition, ‘healthy animalism.’
1739Wesley Wks. 1830 I. 256 Saying it was only nature, imagination, and animal spirits.1813Jane Austen Pride & Prej. ix. 39 She had high animal spirits.1844Disraeli Coningsby i. v. 23 He..had great animal spirits, and a keen sense of enjoyment.Mod. A great flow of animal spirits.
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更新时间:2025/2/23 15:58:39