| 释义 |
liposome Biol.|ˈlɪpəsəʊm|
[ad. G. liposom (E. Albrecht 1904, in Verhandl. deutsch. path. Ges. VI. 64): see lipo- and -some4.]
1. A natural globule of fat or lipid suspended in the cytoplasm of a cell.
1910Anat. Rec. IV. 211 The protoplasm of renal cells, muscle fibers, etc., shows usually a large number of small more or less refractive droplets (liposomes) when examined in aqueous humor, or dilute potassium hydroxide. 1946Jrnl. Exper. Zool. CI. 374 In the following discussion, while being aware of the arbitrariness of the choice, the term ‘lipochondria’ will be used as an alternative for ‘lipoprotein bodies’. Their conversion product, the fat droplets, may be termed ‘liposomes’. 1968McGee-Russell & Ross Cell Struct. xxvi. 351 The lipid inclusions of amphibian embryo cells have been studied by Holtfreter and Karasaki. Holtfreter called the larger bodies liposomes, and the small ones lipochondria.
2. A minute artificial globule consisting of one or more layers of phospholipid enclosing an aqueous core, used experimentally as a model for biological membranes.
1968Sessa & Weissmann in Jrnl. Lipid Res. IX. 310 (heading) Phospholipid spherules (liposomes) as a model for biological membranes. Ibid., Throughout this review, the artificial structures will..be referred to as ‘spherules’. A. D. Bangham has used the term ‘smectic mesophases’, and colloquially we have called them ‘liposomes’ or ‘Bangasomes’. As the literature dealing with these structures accumulates, the term ‘liposome’ is gaining favor, and should win general acceptance. 1970New Scientist 11 June 511/1 In 1965 Alec Bangham..devised the ‘liposome’. 1972M. K. Jain Bimolecular Lipid Membrane iii. 69 A large number of vesicles with cell-like geometry can be produced under suitable conditions by dispersing phospholipids in aqueous salt solutions above the phase-transition temperature of the lipid. These vesicles are generally termed liposomes, spherules, smectic mesophase, and sometimes Bangosomes (after Dr. Bangham). |