| 释义 |
annihilation|əˌnaɪhɪˈleɪʃən|
[a. Fr. annihilation, 14th c. anichilacion, f. L. adnihilāt-: see annihil and -ation. Not in Cotgr. 1611.]
1. The action or process of reducing to nothing, or of blotting out of existence.
a. materially.
a1638Mede Paraphr. 2 Pet. iii. 7 A destruction of the whole creature it self by utter annihilation. 1777Priestley Mat. & Spir. vii. I. 79 Let any person..suppose the annihilation of all matter. 1856Dove Log. Chr. Faith iv. i. §1. 162 Creation and annihilation are absolute changes.
b. Theol. The destruction of soul as well as body.
1753Chambers Cycl. Supp. s.v., Christian writers, who, shocked with the horrible prospect of eternal torments, have taken refuge in the system of Annihilation..This Annihilation makes what they call the second death. 1876Mozley Univ. Serm. iii. 61 When reason itself has opened a view into immortality, to put up contentedly with annihilation,—what a dreadful stupefaction of the human spirit!
c. Of conditions and circumstances: The bringing to an end; total abrogation.
1763Erskine in Ellis Orig. Lett. ii. 504 IV. 470 A total annihilation of Regal Authority. 1769Burke Pres. State Nat. Wks. II. 23 The annihilation of our trade, the ruin of our credit. 1796Morse Amer. Geog. I. 321 The annihilation of the credit of the paper bills.
d. Of collective and complex bodies: The action of destroying their combined or organized existence; effectual destruction.
1796Ld. Sheffield in Ld. Auckland's Corr. (1862) III. 358 The annihilation of Jourdan's army is a great event. 1872Yeats Growth Comm. 54 Their policy was, therefore, simply that of conquest, not annihilation.
2. The state of nothingness resulting from blotting out of existence.
1677Gale Crt. Gentiles II. iv. 517 Cut off the dependence of a Creature from its Creator and what an..Annihilation would it fal into? 1794Sullivan View Nat. I. 183 All nature would languish and fall into annihilation. 1851‘L. Mariotti’ Italy in 1848, i. 8 Political annihilation had not yet brought with it mental prostration and degeneracy.
3. Physics. (See quot. 1962.)
1930P. A. M. Dirac in Proc. Cambr. Philos. Soc. XXVI. 361 The object of the present paper is to calculate the frequency of occurrence of these processes of annihilation of electrons and protons. 1938R. W. Lawson tr. Hevesy & Paneth's Man. Radioactivity (ed. 2) vii. 72 Processes in which the total energy of annihilation is emitted in a single quantum of energy 106e.V. 1942J. D. Stranathan Particles Mod. Physics 374 (heading) Creation and Annihilation of Electron-Positron Pairs. 1962Gloss. Terms Nucl. Sci. (B.S.I.) 9 Annihilation, a collision between a particle and its anti-particle..in which they both disappear, their energy being converted into annihilation radiation. |