| 释义 |
lodgement, lodgment|ˈlɒdʒmənt|
Also logiament, 8 logement.
[a. F. logement (14th c. in Hatz.-Darm.), f. loge-r to lodge: see -ment.
Evelyn's form logiament seems to be quasi-It.; but cf. parliament.]
1. a. A place or building in which persons or things are lodged, located, or deposited; a place of shelter or protection; in early use Mil., quarters for soldiers. ? Now rare or Obs.
1598Barret Theor. Warres i. ii. 9 The souldier giuen to this vice..doth disturbe all townes..and all lodgements. 1641Evelyn Diary (1879) I. 32 It is a matchless piece of modern fortification, accom'odated with logiaments for the souldiers and magazines. 1696C. Leslie Snake in Grass (1697) 334 This, and not Prisons, had been the proper Lodgement for Fox and Muggleton. 1713Derham Phys.-Theol. iv. xiv. (1714) 251 Such Balls, Cases, and other commodious Repositories as are an admirable Lodgment to the Eggs and Young. 1725Pope Odyss. xiv. 18 Within the space were rear'd Twelve ample cells, the lodgment of his herd. 1760Styles in Phil. Trans. LI. 844 Separate lodgements, each of which contains a single bee. 1764in Picton L'pool Munic. Rec. (1886) II. 263 Design for a lodgement of fire engines. 1818Art Preserv. Feet 108 The leather [of a boot] itself will form a lodgement for the corn.
b. A lodging-place; a lodging-house; lodgings. Now rare.
1703Maundrell Journ. Jerus. (1732) 2 Certain publick Lodgments founded in Charity for the use of Travellers. 1847Thackeray Let. (1887) 8 Come..and stop with me until you have found other lodgment. 1850Maxwell Let. in Life vi. (1882) 148 Getting room for my father (as the Bull was full) in a lodgement. 1865Bright Sp., Reform 18 Jan., Personages who have their lodgment higher up Whitehall. 1867J. Ingelow Dreams that came true xxiv, Her scanty earnings, and her lodgment cold.
c. Gunnery. ‘The hollow or cavity in the under part of the bore, where the shot rests when rammed home’ (1872–6 Voyle & Stevenson Milit. Dict.).
d. Mining = lodge n. 13 a.
1883W. S. Gresley Gloss. Terms Coal Mining 159 Lodgment (S[cotland]), see sump and lodge. 1886J. Barrowman Gloss. Scottish Mining Terms 43 Lodgment, a reservoir or storage place underground for water for convenience of pumping.
2. Mil. A temporary defensive work made on a captured portion of the enemy's fortifications to make good the position of the assailants and protect them from attack.
1677Lond. Gaz. No. 1187/2 We began to work for the raising a Battery, and the making a Lodgment to secure it. 1708Ibid. No. 4470/3 A new Communication was made on the Grand Lodgment between the two Counterguards. 1884Mil. Engineering I. ii. 108 It is usually advisable to make a lodgment as quickly as possible, and for this purpose to bring up the working party rapidly.
3. The action of lodging; the fact of being lodged.
a. The action of establishing oneself or making good a position on an enemy's ground, or obtaining a foothold; hence, a stable position gained, a foothold. Chiefly in phr. to make or find a lodgement.
1702Luttrell Brief Rel. (1857) V. 229 They were gone to Vigo,..if they found it practicable, to make a lodgment there. 1777Robertson Hist. Amer. II. v. 116 Cortes durst not..attempt to make a lodgment in a city. 1853Sir H. Douglas Milit. Bridges 209 The troops made good their landing, attacked the enemy, and established a lodgment. 1860Tyndall Glac. i. ix. 62 My friend, who had found a lodgment upon the edge of a rock. 1897Gen. H. Porter in Century Mag. Jan. 353 Many of our men succeeded in getting over the earthworks, but could not secure a lodgment which could be held.
transf. and fig.1757Burke Abridgm. Eng. Hist. Wks. 1842 II. 410 But then the minister must have taken it up as a great plan of national policy, and paid with his person in every lodgment of his approach. 1824W. Irving T. Trav. I. 348, I was not perfectly sure that I had effected a lodgment in the young lady's heart. 1868Milman St. Paul's iv. 78 Wycliffe had made a dangerous lodgment in the City of London. 1884L. J. Jennings in Croker P. I. viii. 222 An intention which seems..never to have held more than a temporary lodgment in his mind.
b. The action of placing in position, or of providing with a receptacle.
1713Derham Phys.-Theol. vii. ii. (1714) 355 The Structure and Lodgment of the Lungs. 1875Sir W. Turner in Encycl. Brit. I. 827/2 The lower end of the bone..is marked posteriorly by grooves for the lodgment of tendons passing to the back of the hand.
c. The action of depositing (a sum of money, securities, etc.); concr. a deposit of money. Now only legal.
1760–72H. Brooke Fool of Qual. (1809) II. 121 He..has entered all his lodgments in feigned names. 1825Hor. Smith Gaieties & Grav. II. 243 The lodgments made by the players. 1884Law Rep. 27 Chanc. Div. 243 A decree for..lodgment in Court of a sum then in the District Registry. 1886Law Times LXXXI. 59/2 S. had gained no priority over T. by S.'s prior lodgment of the stop-order.
d. The ‘lodging’ of a thing or the accumulation of matter intercepted in fall or transit; concr. a mass of matter so lodged.
1739S. Sharp Surg. (J.), An oppressed diaphragm from a mere lodgment of extravasated matter. 1767Gooch Treat. Wounds I. 98 The lodgment of blood or other fluid may easily affect the brain by compression. 1823Buckland Reliq. Diluv. 123 Wherever there was a ledge, or shelf or basin, however minute,..there these materials have found a lodgement. 1862Beveridge Hist. India III. ix. iv. 633 The plains on both sides are covered at this season by heavy lodgments of water. 1878Huxley Physiogr. 21 Some [rain] finding lodgment in little hollows of the rock.
e. ? A body of persons established in a place.
1830Everett Orat. (1850) I. 218 There is a great lodgment of civilized men on this continent.
4. Accommodation in a lodging-place; provision of lodgings; lodging. rare.
1805W. Taylor in Ann. Rev. III. 65 The French spend less in hospitality, more in lodgement than the English. 1824W. Irving T. Trav. I. 18 The miserable lodgement and miserable fare of a provincial inn. 1853Lytton My Novel ii. vii. 80 ‘For the board and the lodgment, good’, said Riccabocca. 1858Carlyle Fredk. Gt. I. iv. ix. 477 Retinue sufficient find nooks for lodgment in the poor old Schloss.
5. lodgement-level (see quot. 1877).
1877Encycl. Brit. VI. 63/2 Driving a gallery..along the course of the coal seam, which is known as a ‘dip head level’, and a lower parallel one, in which the water collects, known as a ‘lodgment level’. 1886J. Barrowman Gloss. Scottish Mining Terms 43 Lodgment-level, a room driven level course at a short distance to the dip of a pit and used for storage of water. |