| 释义 |
Lotka–Volterra, n. Ecol. and Math.|ˈlɒtkəvɒlˈtɛrə|
[The names of Alfred James Lotka (1880–1949), Austrian-born U.S. statistician, and Vito Volterra (1860–1940), Italian mathematician, who proposed the model.]
Used attrib. with reference to a mathematical model of the variation with time in the populations of a predator species and a prey species, as governed by a pair of coupled differential equations (the Lotka–Volterra equations).
1959E. P. Odum Fund. Ecol. (ed. 2) vii. 232 Some of the most widely debated theoretical aspects of competition theory revolve around what have become known as the Lotka-Volterra equations. 1970Amer. Naturalist CIV. 73 Theoretical community ecology frequently relies on a series of simplified models compounded to represent the behavior of a larger system. One simple system amenable to this approach is that represented by the Lotka-Volterra equations describing competition between species. 1973P. A. Colinvaux Introd. Ecol. xxx. 422 (caption) Coupled oscillations predicted by the Lotka-Volterra equations for predation. 1977J. L. Harper Population Biol. of Plants xxiii. 738 Many of the characteristics of the predator–prey oscillations that are predicted by the Lotka–Volterra model are very strongly dependent on the length of time involved in the feedback between predators and prey, [etc.]. 1988New Scientist 2 June 60/4 Sharks and fish fight out their ecological battle on the toroidal planet of Wa-Tor, discretely simulating stochastic Lotka–Volterra cycles. |