| 释义 |
‖ zeugma Gram. and Rhet.|ˈzjuːgmə|
[mod.L., a. Gr. ζεῦγµα a yoking, f. ζευγνύναι to yoke, related to ζυγόν yoke n.1]
A figure by which a single word is made to refer to two or more words in the sentence; esp. when properly applying in sense to only one of them, or applying to them in different senses; but formerly more widely, including, e.g., the use of the same predicate, without repetition, with two or more subjects; also sometimes applied to cases of irregular construction, in which the single word agrees grammatically with only one of the other words to which it refers (more properly called syllepsis).
1586A. Day Engl. Secretorie ii. (1595) 82 Zeugma, when one or more clauses are concluded vnder one verbe, as to say, His loosnesse ouercame all shame; his boldnesse, feare; his madnesse, reason. 1589Puttenham Engl. Poesie iii. xii. (Arb.) 175 But if it be to mo clauses then one, that some such word be supplied to perfit the congruitie or sence of them all, it is by the figure (Zeugma) we call him the (single supplie)..: as to say. Fellowes and friends and kinne forsooke me quite. 1848J. T. White Xenophon's Anab. Notes i. v. §9 (1872) 51 Observe the zeugma in πλήθει [in ἡ βασιλέως ἀρχὴ, πλήθει µὲν χώρας καὶ ἀνθρώπων ἰσχυρὰ οὖσα]. 1872Lillie tr. J. P. Lange's Comm. 2 Thess. iii. 156 αὐτούς is now to be taken out of the dative τοιούτοις, by an obvious zeugma [in 2 Thess. iii. 12 τοῖς δὲ τοιούτοις παραγγέλλοµεν, καὶ παρακαλοῦµεν]. 1882Farrar Early Chr. II. 560 By the figure of speech called zeugma, or rather syllepsis, the same word..is often made to serve two purposes in the same sentence. A verb is often used with two clauses which is only appropriate to one of them, as in Pope's line—‘See Pan with flocks, with fruits Pomona crowned.’
Hence zeugmatic |-ˈmætɪk| a., pertaining to or involving zeugma; zeugˈmatically adv., so as to involve zeugma.
1857Ellicott Comm. Col. ii. 5 A zeugmatic construction of the accus. with both verbs. 1857― Comm. Phil. i. 27 Attempts have been made to defend the construction as it stands,..by referring ἀκούσω zeugmatically to both clauses. |