| 释义 |
lucid, a.|ˈl(j)uːsɪd|
[ad. L. lūcid-us, f. lūcēre to shine. Cf. F. lucide.]
1. Bright, shining, luminous, resplendent. Now poet. and techn. Ent. and Bot. = Smooth and shining. Astr. Of a star: Visible to the naked eye.
1591Spenser M. Hubberd 1259 With his azure wings he cleav'd The liquid clowdes, and lucid firmament. 1654Vilvain Theol. Treat. ii. 45 The Air is not a lucid body like the Sun. 1667Milton P.L. xi. 240 Over his lucid Armes A Militarie Vest of purple flowd. 1693Bentley Boyle Lect. viii. 5 There are great multitudes of lucid Starrs even beyond the reach of the best Telescopes. 1772–84Cook Voy. (1790) V. 1743 Supposed to be an animal which contributes to that lucid appearance often observed at sea in the night. 1797Encycl. Brit. (ed. 3) III. 443/2 [Botany.] A Surface is..Lucid, as if it were illuminated. 1800Hulme in Phil. Trans. XC. 180 Another lucid dead glow-worm was put into warm water, at 114°. 1833Tennyson Poems 60 Her lucid neck Shone ivorylike. 1845Westwood Brit. Moths II. 221 Aphelosetia lucidella (the lucid). 1847W. E. Steele Field Bot. Gloss. 16 Lucid, with a bright and shining surface. 1870–74J. Thomson City Dreadf. Nt. i. i, The lucid morning's fragrant breath. 1893Sir R. Ball Story Sun 333 Beta Lyræ..is among the coolest of the lucid stars.
fig.a1652J. Smith Sel. Disc. iv. 112 The intellectual world, being..made all lucid, intellectual, and shining with the sunbeams of eternal truth. 1742Barnard Char. Lady E. Hastings 39 To bring them into the lucid Path of Vertue and Religion.
2. Translucent, pellucid, clear.
1620Venner Via Recta Introd. 4 The lucide and cleare substance of it [sc. air]. 1647H. More Poems 5 Thus they stood by that good lucid spring Of living bliss. 1725Pope Odyss. vi. 102 The lucid wave a spacious bason fills. 1791Cowper Odyss. iii. 1 The sun, emerging from the lucid waves. 1832Lytton Eugene A. i. x, How singularly pure and lucid the atmosphere becomes. 1882F. W. H. Myers Renewal of Youth 314 Let many a heat distil Her lucid essence from the insurgent ill.
3. lucid interval. Also in early use in med.L. form (pl.) lucida intervalla.
a. A period of temporary sanity occurring between attacks of lunacy. (So F. intervalle lucide.) † Formerly also, in wider use, an interval of apparent health between the attacks or periods of a disease.[The Latin phrase ‘non est compos mentis, sed gaudet lucidis intervallis’ is common in English legal documents from the 13th to the 15th c.; so also in the med.L. commentators on Justinian's Institutes. For the etymological notion presumably underlying the expression, cf. c.] 1603Sir C. Heydon Jud. Astrol. xxi. 425 Sometimes shee [the moon] graunteth to them [lunatics] Lucida interualla. 1625B. Jonson Staple of N. v. i, They are almost mad! But I forgiue their Lucida Interualla. c1645Howell Lett. (1650) II. 42, I had a shrewd disease hung lately upon me... After som gentle slumbers, and unusuall dreames..I had a lucid intervall. a1655Vines Lord's Supper (1677) 213 A mad man may have lucid intervals. 1659Stanley Hist. Philos. xiii. (1701) 624/2 As for that Pain which is lasting, it is not only gentle, but hath many lucid intervals. 1686J. Dunton Lett. fr. New-Eng. (1867) 23, I had between whiles those lucid intervals [in sea-sickness]. 1769Blackstone Comm. IV. 25 If a lunatic hath lucid intervals of understanding, he shall answer for what he does in those intervals. 1839I. Ray Med. Jurispr. Insanity xiv. 298 It was decided by the court, Sir Willian Wynne, that she had a lucid interval, while making the will. a1859Macaulay Hist. Eng. xxv. V. 294 James lingered three days longer. He was occasionally sensible during a few minutes, and, during one of these lucid intervals [etc.].
b. transf. and fig. A period of rest or calm in the midst of tumult or confusion; an interval during which there is a reversion to a normal, reasonable, or desirable condition.
1581W. Allen Apol. Eng. Seminaries iii. 22 Which [Arianisme] though it troubled the world some hundred yeres together, yet it..had lucida interualla, gaue seasons of calme and rest to holy Bishops. 1622Bacon Hen. VII Wks. 1861 VI. 32 Which [dissensions] although they had had..lucid intervals and happy pauses; yet did they ever hang over the kingdom. 1650Fuller Pisgah iv. ii. 34 The devil heaped afflictions upon him, allowing him [Job] no lucid intervalls. 1682Dryden MacFl. 22 Some beams of wit on other souls may fall, Strike through and make a lucid interval. 1751Smollett Per. Pic. xxii, Neither was his whole time devoted to the riotous extravagances of youth. He enjoyed many lucid intervals. 1822R. G. Wallace 15 Yrs. in India 194 It is quite impossible to transact business with a chief, except in that lucid interval between..one debauch, and..another. 190019th Cent. Sept. 386 Italy is just passing through one of these lucid intervals.
¶c. In the etymological sense: An interval of sunshine in a storm.
1655Tuckney Good Day well Impr. 8 Some short lucida intervalla, as the sun in a rainy day, looking out now and then a little. 1749Capt. Standige in Naval Chron. III. 207 It being then day-light, and a lucid interval between showers of snow.
4. Marked by clearness of reasoning, expression, or arrangement; easily intelligible.
1786Courtenay Lit. & Mor. Charac. Johnson 24 And lucid vigour mark'd the general style. 1803Med. Jrnl. X. 182 Arranged in that lucid order which is so necessary to assist the student. 1838Dickens Nich. Nick. xxiv, Mrs. Curdle sat listening to this lucid explanation. 1871Morley Voltaire (1886) 7 His expression was incomparably lucid. 1876C. M. Davies Unorth. Lond. 103 The sermon was long but lucid.
5. Of persons: Clear in intellect; rational, sane.
1843Carlyle Past & Pr. ii. i, Any lucid, simple-hearted soul like him. 1859G. Meredith R. Feverel xxx, Two apparently lucid people. 1887Times 11 Aug. 5/2, I believe you are insane on that one point. On everything else you are lucid and bright.
6. With agent-noun: That performs the action implied in a lucid manner.
1879McCarthy Own Times II. xxix. 372 There never was a more lucid and candid reasoner.
▸ lucid dream n. a dream in which the sleeper is aware that he or she is dreaming and is sometimes able to control or influence the course of the dream.
1913F. van Eeden in Proc. Soc. Psychical Res. 26 447 In a *lucid dream the sensation of having a body..is perfectly distinct. 1968Listener 15 Aug. 217/3 The lucid dream..is an experience of having a dream and being at the same time fully conscious that it is a dream. 2000M. Winkelman Shamanism iii. 141 The experiences of lucid dreams are subject to deliberate cultivation, as is evidenced in the reports of yogic traditions.
▸ lucid dreamer n. a person having or able to have a lucid dream.
1963B. Frechtman tr. J.-P. Sartre St. Genet iv. 462 This *lucid dreamer..retains within himself..the masochist who tortures himself by proxy... Our Lady is what certain psychiatrists call a ‘controlled waking dream’. 2000O. Flanagan Dreaming Souls iv. 126 One would predict that lucid dreamers have more frontal cortical activity during dreams than nonlucid dreamers.
▸ lucid dreaming n. the state or process of having a lucid dream.
1972Science 16 June 1210/1, I think it is probable that state-specific sciences can be developed for such SoC's [= states of consciousness] as auto-hypnosis, meditative states, *lucid dreaming, [etc.]... In all of these SoC's. volition seems to be retained. 2000R. E. Tanzi & A. B. Parson Decoding Darkness 168 Many a night I went so far as to employ lucid dreaming to look for the gene. |