| 释义 |
anomy|ˈænəʊmɪ|
[ad. Gr. ἀνοµία, n. of quality f. ἄνοµ-ος lawless.]
†1. Disregard of law, lawlessness; esp. (in 17th c. theology) disregard of divine law. Obs.
1591Lambarde Archeion (1635) 120 That were to set an Anomy, and to bring disorder, doubt, and incertaintie over all. 1683E. Hooker Pref. Pordage's Myst. Div. 23 Men's Lusts, animosities, enormities, Anomies. 1689Apol. Fail. Walker's Acc. 15 You Presbyterians distinguish between the Action and the Anomy, or Irregularity of it. 1755in Johnson.
2. Also commonly in French form anomie. [F. (Durkheim Suicide, 1897).] Absence of accepted social standards or values; the state or condition of an individual or society lacking such standards.
1933E. Mayo Human Probl. vi. 130 We are facing a condition of anomie, of planlessness in living, which is becoming characteristic both of individual lives and of communities. 1938R. K. Merton in Amer. Sociol. Rev. III. 674 The integration of the society becomes tenuous and anomie ensues. 1951Spaulding & Simpson tr. Durkheim's Suicide ii. v. 253 The state of de-regulation or anomy is..further heightened by passions being less disciplined, precisely when they need more disciplining. 1959Guardian 18 Sept. 8/5 An emphasis on order and stability (as opposed to anarchy or anomie). 1959B. Wootton et al. Soc. Sci. & Soc. Path. ii. 69 Sociologists have thought it worth while to coin a special term—‘anomie’—to describe the unorthodox social values, norms and attitudes to which ‘underprivileged’ children may be conditioned.
So aˈnomic [ad. F. anomique (Durkheim, 1897)] a., of, pertaining to, or characterized by such a state (see quots.).
1950D. Riesman et al. Lonely Crowd iii. xiv. 287 My use of anomic..covers a wider range than Durkheim's metaphor: it is virtually synonymous with ‘maladjusted’. 1951Spaulding & Simpson tr. Durkheim's Suicide ii. v. 258 The third sort of suicide..results from man's activity's lacking regulation and his consequent sufferings. By virtue of its origin we shall assign this last variety the name of anomic suicide. 1961B. R. Wilson Sects & Society 8 It is the leisure time of the individual in which his anomic circumstances will be most acutely felt. |