| 释义 |
Lydian, a. and n.|ˈlɪdɪən|
[f. L. Lȳdi-us, Gr. λύδι-ος + -an.]
A. adj.
1. Pertaining to the Lydians, a people of Asia Minor, or to their country, Lydia. Sometimes with allusion to the wealth of Crœsus king of Lydia.
1584Lyly Sapho & Phao v. i, This shaft is headed with Lidian steel. c1620T. Robinson Mary Magd. 12 To whome the Lydian wealth..is brought in lauish measure. 1626Massinger Rom. Actor i. iii, We show no arts of Lidian Pandarisme. 1844O. Cockayne in Proc. Philol. Soc. (1854) I. 275 The Lydian Hercules. 1901Edin. Rev. July 29 The earlier Lydian civilization was Asiatic rather than European.
2. spec. in Music.
a. The designation of one of the modes in ancient Greek music, characterized as soft and effeminate.
b. The third of the authentic ecclesiastical modes, having F for its ‘final’, and C for its ‘dominant’.
1579E. K. Gloss. to Spenser's Sheph. Cal. Oct. 27 The Lydian and Ionique harmony. 1593G. Harvey Pierce's Super. 50 He regarded not the dainety Lydian, Ionian, or æolian Melody. 1632Milton L'Allegro 136 Lap me in soft Lydian aires, Married to immortal verse. 1636C. Butler Princ. Mus. i. i. 1 Ðe Lydian Mood‘ is a grav‘, ful, solemn Musik in Discant, for ðe most‘ part‘, of slow tim‘. 1697Dryden Alexander's Feast 97 Softly sweet, in Lydian measures, Soon he soothed his soul to pleasures. 1807Robinson Archæol. Græca v. xxiii. 534 In music..there were four principal νόµοι or modes: the Phrygian, the Lydian, the Doric, and the Ionic..The Phrygian mode was religious, the Lydian plaintive. 1867Macfarren Harmony i. 13 The Lydian is the third mode of Ambrose's selection.
fig.1664Butler Hud. ii. i. 850 As skilful coopers hoop their tubs With Lydian and with Phrygian dubs.
3. Lydian-stone. Min. A black variety of jasper (basanite) used by jewellers as a touchstone for testing gold.
1720Strype Stow's Surv. II. vi. i. 11/1 Within the Rails before the High Altar, is a curious in-laid Floor..where..there are set these several Sorts of Stones, the Jasper,..Lydian,..and Serpentine. 1746–74Hill Theophr. Stones 25 Others serve for the Trial of Metals, as that called the Heraclian or Lydian Stone. 1836Macgillivray tr. Humboldt's Trav. ii. 133 It did not exhibit the little veins of quartz so common in Lydian stone. 1879Rutley Study Rocks xiv. 293 Lydian-stone (basanite, touch-stone, kiesel⁓schiefer) is..an altered sandy slate.
B. n. An inhabitant of Lydia. Also, the language of the Lydians.
1545R. Ascham Toxoph. i. (Arb.) 40 Yet after by the meane of one Pactyas a verye headie manne amonges the Lydians they rebelled agaynste Cyrus agayne. 1696Phillips s.v. Lydia, It falling to Tyrrhenus his lot, he went out with a great multitude of Lydians. 1735Bolingbroke Study & Use Hist. iii. (1752) I. 76 Herodotus..proposed to publish all he could learn of the antiquities of the Ionians, Lydians,..Medes, and Persians. 1886Sheldon tr. Flaubert's Salammbô 3 Some Lydians feasted arrayed in the robes..of women. |