| 释义 |
lysogenic, a. Biol.|laɪsəʊˈdʒɛnɪk|
[f. lyso- + -genic.]
Pertaining to, or capable of producing or undergoing, lysis (sense 3); spec. applied to a bacterium which, without being attacked by a phage, can lyse and liberate phage, an effect which is due to the ability of such a bacterium to carry, through an indefinite number of generations, a phage which is integrated with the bacterial genome and normally replicates synchronously with it but which may, under a suitable stimulus, become detached from the bacterial genome, replicate rapidly, and lyse the bacterial cell.
1899[see immune body s.v. immune a. (n.) 3 b]. 1902Encycl. Brit. XXVI. 68/1 The first of these is the lysogenic action, which consists in the production of a change in the corresponding bacterium whereby it becomes granular, swells up, and ultimately may undergo dissolution. Ibid., Lysogenic action is not confined to the case of bacteria, but obtains also with other organised structures. 1911Stedman Med. Dict. 499/1 Lysogenic, relating to the formation of lysins. 1929Austral. Jrnl. Exper. Biol. & Med. Sci. VI. 277 (heading) Observations on a permanently lysogenic strain of B. enteritidis gaertner. 1929J. H. Dible Recent Adv. Bacteriol. iv. 73 Of greater interest are certain strains which, whilst themselves resistant, have incorporated with them the lytic principle, which remains present through future subcultures. These are the ‘lysogenic’ strains of Bordet. 1930F. M. Burnet in Syst. Bacteriol. (Med. Res. Council) VII. xxxix. 494 There are some bacterial strains that it is impossible to deprive of lysogenic power. 1934Biol. Rev. IX. 346 The ability of certain bacterial strains, so-called lysogenic bacteria, to liberate phage during their growth. 1953[see induction 9 d]. 1953Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. XVIII. 71/1 It is possible that the phage population is heterogeneous, containing lytic, lysogenic, etc. phages. 1965New Scientist 21 Oct. 167/2 Strains of bacteria carrying prophage DNA are described as ‘lysogenic’. 1970Passmore & Robson Compan. Med. Stud. II. xviii. 101/2 The prophage is normally inhibited from replication in the lysogenic state by the presence of virus-specified repressor substance that controls the operon for the structural gene. 1971Lechevalier & Pramer Microbes xli. 430/1 Such phages (e.g., coliphage λ) are called lysogenic viruses.
Hence lysogeˈnicity, lyˈsogeny, the state or property of a bacterium of being lysogenic; the phenomenon of lysis of a lysogenic bacterium with the subsequent release of phage.
1932Jrnl. Path. & Bacteriol. XXXV. 857 Double lysogenicity, i.e. the production of two distinct phage types by a single strain, is relatively common. Ibid. 857 In certain important bacterial groups lysogenicity is a normal characteristic. 1934Biol. Rev. IX. 347 It was found that another group of Salmonellas..did show the existence of a common type of lysogenicity. 1954Genetics XXXIX. 429 (heading) Segregation of lambda lysogenicity during bacterial recombination in Escherichia coli K12. 1956Nature 14 Jan. 92/1 The occurrence of lysogeny in SU298 was demonstrated. 1962Lancet 19 May 1054/2 Little is known about the mechanism of induction of tumours by viruses, and..it seems clear that nothing directly akin to bacteriophage lysogeny occurs. 1970Passmore & Robson Compan. Med. Stud. II. xviii. 101/2 When a bacteriophage infects a sensitive bacterium, it can either replicate and lyse the host cell..or it may be incorporated in the host genome in a state of lysogeny. |