| 释义 |
machinist|məˈʃiːnɪst|
Also 8–9 erron. machinest.
[orig. ad. F. machiniste, f. machine; but prob. re-formed on machine n. + -ist.]
1. One who invents, makes or controls machines or machinery; an engineer.
1706Phillips (ed. Kersey), Machinist, an Inventer, or Manager of Engines. a1774Goldsm. Surv. Exp. Philos. (1776) II. 29 The machinist that directed the whole was at a loss, till a countryman taught him to shorten the cords by the affusion of water. 1788in Titles Patents (1854) I. 302 A grant unto Andrew Meikle..engineer and machinist, of his new invented mill or machine for separating corn.. from the straw. 1817J. Bradbury Trav. Amer. 311 Prohibiting the emigration of manufacturers and machinists to the United States. 1873J. Richards Wood-working Factories 81 An operator of wood machinery should be a machinist. Good operators are generally able to do ordinary repairs. 1895Booth's Life & Labour V. 86 The machinist's shop, for planing, moulding, mortising, and turning, being now an annexe of every large joinery works.
b. esp. with reference to the theatre: one who constructs or manages the mechanical appliances used for the production of scenic effects. Now rare.
1739Cibber Apol. (1756) II. 67 A manager is to direct and oversee the painters, machinists, musicians, singers, and dancers. 1751Beau-philosopher 227 The Machinest of the Opera and his Wife, who were her Relations. a1800Steevens Note on Macb., Plays Shaks. (1803) X. 324 Has the insufficiency of machinists hitherto disgraced the imagery of the poet? 1806–7J. Beresford Miseries Hum. Life (1826) v. Concl., The accumulated crimes of author, composer, machinist. 1837Hallam Hist. Lit. I. i. iii. §107. 299 The decorations of this theatre must have appeared splendid... Nor was the machinist's art unknown. 1863Kirk Chas. Bold I. 471 ‘Histories’—a kind of dramatic representation, in which the poet..was forced to follow the inspirations of the machinest.
c. fig. (Cf. machine 4 fig.)
1799G. Wakefield in Mem. (1804) II. 409, [I] am no political machinist, nor was ever occupied in..the fraudulent intrigues of rival partisans.
2. One who works a machine, esp. a sewing-machine.
1879St. George's Hosp. Rep. IX. 577 The laundress, the machinist, the signalman may be persons who work hard on scanty diet. 1888Times 20 Sept. 7/4 A tailor's machinist. 1890Anthony's Photogr. Bull. III. 349 Such..hardly rank as photographers—they are machinists. 1901Census Schedule, Instructions, Such terms as..Machinist..must not be used alone. Sewing Machinists should name the article they machine.
3. A painter who works mechanically and by rule.
c1801Fuseli in Lect. Paint. v. (1848) 461 Though the first and greatest, Correggio was no more than a machinist. 1879Encycl. Brit. IX. 687/1 Franceschini..is reckoned among those painters of the decline of art to whom the general name of ‘machinist’ is applied.
4. U.S.
a. An engine-room artificer or attendant.
1890in Century Dict.
b. A ‘machine’ politician (see machine n. 8).
1883Nation 21 June 520/3 While the Machinists may be willing to nominate ‘good men’, the Independents are reminded of the fact that [etc.]. 1884Goldw. Smith in Contemp. Rev. Sept. 320 The machine once fairly constructed and installed in power, the country is in the hands of the machinists. 1892― in 19th Cent. Sept. 347 There was a struggle between the thoroughly ‘machinist’ section of the party and the section less loyal to the machine. |