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Magdalen, Magdalene|ˈmægdələn, -liːn|
[ad. Eccl. Latin (Marīa) Magdalēna, -lēnē, a. Gr. (Μαρία ἡ) Μαγδαληνή, (Mary) of Magdala (a town on the Sea of Galilee). The vernacular form of the word (adopted through Fr.) is maudlin; the pronunciation (ˈmɔːdlɪn) represented by this spelling is still current for the names of Magdalen College, Oxford, and Magdalene College, Cambridge.]
1. a. the Magdalen(e: the appellation of a disciple of Christ named Mary, ‘out of whom went seven devils’ (Luke viii. 2). She has commonly been supposed to be identical with the unnamed ‘sinner’ of Luke vii. 37, and therefore appears in Western hagiology as a harlot restored to purity and elevated to saintship by repentance and faith. (In the full designation Mary Magdalen(e the article is omitted.) For early examples see also maudlin n.
c1386Chaucer Pars. T. ⁋428 As Iudas grucched ayeines the Magdaleyne. 1500–20Dunbar Poems xxxvii. 18 The Magdalene and Mare Salamee Abasit wer in spirit. 1850S. Dobell Roman ii, Heaven, Where angels hail the Magdalen. 1865Plumptre Master & Scholar 93 The twain, The sinner and the Magdalene, they joyed To think that [etc.].
b. A representation of Mary Magdalen in art.
1661Evelyn Diary 9 Aug., Many excellent pictures, especialy the Magdalen of Caracci. 1851Ruskin Stones Ven. (1894) I. 160 But a smooth Magdalen of Carlo Dolci with a tear on each cheek..rarely fails of being verily, often deeply, felt for the time.
2. transf. One whose history resembles that of the Magdalen; esp. a reformed prostitute.
1697Dennis Plot & no Plot Epil., I, your young, buxom Magdalens despise, She-Saints, that have sev'n Devils in their eyes. [1737Bailey vol. II, Magdalens, an order of nuns, or rather worn out and penitent courtesans at Rome, upon whom a revenue was settled by Pope Clement VIII.] 1758Plan for establishing Magdalen-Charity 36 The General Committee shall empower three of their number to visit the wards, to enquire into the behavior of the Magdalens [etc.]. 1777Sheridan Trip Scarb. Prol., Those writers well and wisely use their pens Who turn our wantons into Magdalens. a1882Trollope Autobiog. xviii. (1883) II. 180 A poor abased creature..with very little of the Magdalene about her—because though there may be Magdalenes they are not often found.
3. A home for the refuge and reformation of prostitutes. [Short for Magdalen hospital.]
1766Entick London IV. 311 In Prescot-street..we find a modern institution..founded by the name of the Magdalen. 1792M. Wollstonecraft Rights Wom. iv. 155 Many innocent girls..are..‘ruined’ before they know the difference between virtue and vice... Asylums and Magdalenes are not the proper remedies for these abuses. 1859C. Barker Assoc. Princ. i. 1 The numerous temples, hospitals,..and magdalens which then covered our land.
4. The name of a kind of peach. [Cf. ]
1706London & Wise Retir'd Gard'ner I. i. viii. 38 The White Magdalen has a..sugar'd winy Taste. 1719― Compl. Gard. p. viij, There are sometimes..but scurvy Peaches among the Minions, Magdalens, Violets, Admirables, &c. 1765Museum Rusticum IV. iv. 17 The magdalene is generally a vigorous tree.
†5. Some plant. Obs. [Cf. ]
c1590J. Eldred in Hakluyt's Voy. (1599) II. i. 270 These camels will liue very well two or three dayes without water: their feeding is on thistles, worme-wood, magdalene, and other strong weeds.
6. attrib. and Comb., as (sense 1) Magdalen-like adj., Magdalen-look, Magdalen-style; Magdalen day, the feast of St. Mary Magdalen, 22 July; Magdalen asylum, charity, home, hospital, house = sense 3; Magdalen pear, some variety of pear = maudlin n. 4; Magdalen ward, the ward (in a hospital) devoted to the reception of ‘Magdalens’.
1869Lecky Europ. Mor. iv. (1877) II. 98 *Magdalen asylums and foundling hospitals.
1758(title) A plan for establishing a Charity-House..for the reception of repenting Prostitutes, to be called the *Magdalen Charity.
1485Certificate in Surtees Misc. (1890) 46 The Sunday after þe *Magdaleyne day.
1901Daily Chron. 14 Aug. 5/7 These institutions are *Magdalene homes.
1758Ann. Reg., Chron. 10 Aug. (1783) 104/2 The *Magdalen hospital in Goodman's fields..was opened.
1758(title) The plan of the *Magdalen House for the reception of penitent Prostitutes. 1776Carlisle Mag. 21 Sept. 169 Obtaining admittance into the Magdalen-house.
1794C. Smith Wandering of Warwick 169 With all her penitent looks, and *Magdalen-like graces.
1752Sir H. Beaumont Crito 11 That *Magdalen-look in some fine Faces after weeping.
1741Compl. Fam.-Piece ii. iii. 388 And these Pears: [Aug.]..Gross Oignonet, *Magdalen Pear, Cassolette.
1765Ann. Reg., Charac. 59/1 She wrote a letter to her husband d'Estiolles, in the true *Magdalen style; intreating him to receive her again.
Add: Hence ˈMagdalenism n., prostitution.
1840W. Tait (title) Magdalenism. An inquiry into the extent, causes, and consequences of prostitution in Edinburgh. 1951E. Paul Springtime in Paris iv. 90 Non-professional competition..has gnawed away the foundations of Magdalenism. |