| 释义 |
marmoset|ˈmɑːməˌzɛt|
Forms: 4–5 marmusette, marmesette, 5, (9) marmozette, -usete, -isset, maremusset, 5–6 marmesette, -osette, 5–7 marmeset, 6 mermoset, -osite, marmosete, -azat, -asit, -issed, -esot, mormosett, marmsat, 6–7 marmaset(t, 6, 8 marmouset, 6–9 marmozet, (9 marmozette), 7 marmosit(e, -azet, -osat, -uset, -ousite, -osett, mormaset, malmaset, 5– marmoset.
[a. OF. marmouset grotesque image, in 1280 latinized marmosetum (not marmoretum as given by Littré); in mod.F. the word means also ‘little man’; the sense ‘ape’, though not found in Fr. dicts., is in provincial use (see Honnorat Dict. Prov.). Hence MDu. marmoset in all three senses.
The origin of the Fr. word is obscure; it has been conjectured to be a derivative of L. marmor marble, but the form is not easy to account for. It can hardly be unconnected with F. marmot little child (whence prob. It. marmocchio), in early use also ‘monkey’, ‘grotesque statuette’; forms app. cognate are med.L. marmōnetus, mammōnetus (Promp. Parv.), mammōn-em monkey. Some have supposed the source to be OF. merme small (:—L. minimus); others have suggested that the word in the sense ‘grotesque figure’ was an architectural term derived in some way from Gr. µορµώ bugbear.]
†1. A grotesque figure.
a. Applied in scorn to an idol. Obs.
1426Lydg. De Guil. Pilgr. 20954 To worshepe A Marmoset, Wych to helpe..Hath no puissaunce. 1563–83Foxe A. & M. II. 882/2 Get thee away from me thou naughty person: with thy marmoset of wood.
attrib.a1572Knox Hist. Ref. Wks. 1846 I. 259 A marmouset idole was borrowed fra the Gray Freiris.
†b. (See quot. 1706.) Obs.—0
1687Miege Gt. Fr. Dict. ii, Marmoset, a kind of Grotesk, Marmouset. 1706Phillips (ed. Kersey), Marmoset,..an odd kind of Grotesk figure in a Building. 1736Neve Builder's Dict.
2.
†a. In early use: Any small monkey (obs.).
b. Now restricted to the tropical American monkeys of the family Hapalidæ (or Mididæ), comprising two genera, Hapale (the true marmosets) and Midas (the tamarins).
The Hapalidæ are of the size of a small squirrel, have non-prehensile bushy tails, and (in many species) long eartufts or a mane of whitish hair. They have often been kept as pets, on account of their gentle, playful nature.
1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xviii. i. (1495) 748 Some beestes seruyth for..mannys myrth: as apys and marmusettes [MS. Bodl. marmesettes] and popyngayes. c1400Mandeville (1839) xix. 210 Apes, Marmozettes [Roxb. marmusetes, Fr. orig. marmoz], Babewynes, and many other dyverse Bestes. c1425Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 639/32 Hic zenozephalus, maremusset. 1519W. Horman Vulg. 109 b, The marmeset hath a very longe tayle. 1551Robinson tr. More's Utopia ii. vi. (ed. Lupton) 215 A mormosett chaunced vpon the booke..whyche..plucked owte certeyne leaues, and toore them in pieces. 1559W. Cuningham Cosmogr. Glasse 191 Mermosites. 1610Shakes. Temp. ii. ii. 174 The nimble Marmazet. 1625Purchas Pilgrims ii. 1771 There are many Monkies or Marmosets, that doe great hurt to the Palme trees. 1679T. Trapham Disc. Jamaica 115 The Malmaset, as among the Indians of the more Southern Main of America. 1706Phillips (ed. Kersey), Marmoset, a sort of black Monkey, having a shaggy Neck. 1715tr. Pancirollus' Rerum Mem. I. ii. xvi. 104 An Egyptian Cat, which we call a Marmoset, or Monkey. 1822Scott Nigel viii, I have seen her..as changeful as a marmozet. 1840Cuvier's Anim. Kingd. 62 Marmosets (Hapale, as restricted). 1863Bates Nat. Amazons II. 55 The monkeys belonged to a very pretty and rare species, a kind of marmoset. 1893[see marikina].
attrib.1851P. H. Gosse Nat. in Jamaica 327 note, I have heard the Marmozette Monkey (Jacchus) produce the very same sound. 1876‘Ouida’ Winter City vii. 224 The quick marmoset eyes of little Mme. Mila.
†3. Applied to a person:
a. to a woman or child, as a term of endearment or playful reproach: cf. monkey. Obs.
1526Skelton Magnyf. 462 What, wanton, wanton, nowe well ymet! What, Margery Mylke Ducke, mermoset! 1604Dekker 1st Pt. Honest Wh. vi. C 4 b, Saue thee little Marmoset: how doest thou good pretty roague? 1614Beaum. & Fl. Wit at sev. Weap. iii. i, Sir Greg. [To his niece.] O dissembling Marmaset! 1754Richardson Grandison (1781) VII. xliii. 211 How shall I hold the little marmouset, if you devour first one of my hands, then the other?
b. to a man, as a term of abuse or contempt: cf. ape. Sometimes (as in OF.) a favourite, ‘ingle’.
a1500Chester Pl. x, I will..mar that misbegotten marmoset. 1523Ld. Berners Froiss. I. ccclxxxvii. 661 Alwayes the Erle hath these marmosettes about him, as Gylbert Mahewe and his bretherne. a1529Skelton Agst. Garnesche ii. 39 Thow mantycore, ye marmoset, garnyshte like a Greke. a1585Polwart Flyting w. Montgomerie 795 Beld bisset! marmissed! lansprezed to the lownes! 1615R. Brathwait Strappado (1878) 48 See, see her cerus cheeke, made to delight Her apple-squire, or wanton Marmosite. 1825Scott Talism. xxiv, A king's son..is at least a match for this marmozet of a Marquis.
Hence † marmoˈsetical a., characteristic of a marmoset; apishly foolish.
1630J. Taylor (Water P.) Wit & Mirth Wks. ii. 187/2 A Mercers seruant espying his marmositicall Apishnesse. |