| 释义 |
Martin3|ˈmɑːtɪn|
Also 6 Marten, -yn, Merteryn. The name of St. Martin (see martin1) used attrib. and in Comb.
†1. Martin chain, a sham gold chain. (Cf. 3 b.)
a1560Becon Jewel of Joy Wks. ii. 19 b, Certayne lyght braynes..wyll rather weare a Marten chayne, the pryce of .viii.d. then they woulde be vnchayned.
2. More fully † Martin dry, also [Fr.] ‖ Martin sec: a kind of pear, so called from being ripe at Martinmas. [Cf. G. Martinsbirne.]
1664Evelyn Kal. Hort. (1679) 34 Pears{ddd}November{ddd}Martin sec. 1672― tr. Fr. Gard. (1675) 118 (Pears) The dry Martins. 1708Kersey, Martin-dry, a kind of Pear, that ripens at the middle of November. 1860Hogg Fruit Man. 200 Martin Sec (Dry Martin). 1875Ibid. (ed. 4) 479 The Martins are perhaps the earliest varieties [of pears] grown amongst us.
3.
†a. St. Martin: St. Martin's day, Martinmas.
1533Presentm. Juries in Surtees Misc. (1888) 34 That every man make his fens..before Seynt Merteryn.
†b. St. Martin's: the parish of St. Martin-le-Grand, London, formerly celebrated as the resort of dealers in imitation jewellery.
1572in Extracts Acc. Revels at Court (Shaks. Soc.) 24 John Wever of Saint Martins for Copper silver frenge, xvij ozc⊇ at [blank] the ounce. 1607Dekker Westw. Ho ii. i, You must to the pawne to buy Lawne: to Saint Martins for Lace. 1618G. Mynshul Ess Prison 23 They are like the rings and chaines bought at S. Martines, that weare faire for a little time, but shortly after will proue Alchimy or rather pure Copper.
c. (St.) Martin's, in composition. St. Martin's bird, the hen-harrier [= F. oiseau de S. Martin, Cotgr.]; St. Martin's day, the 11th of November, Martinmas; (St.) Martin's eve, the eve of St. Martin's day, 10th November; St. Martin's evil, drunkenness (Cent. Dict.); St. Martin's flower (see quot.); † St. Martin's fowl, = St. Martin's bird; St. Martin's herb, = herb of St. Martin (see herb 7 b); St. Martin's Lent, the forty days between Martinmas and Christmas Eve (see Lent n.1 3 b); † St. Martin's rings, imitation gold rings (see 3 b, and cf. St. Martin's ware); † St. Martin's stuff, ware, counterfeit goods (cf. 3 b); St. Martin's Summer, a season of fine mild weather occurring about Martinmas; also fig.
1897F. S. Ellis Reynard 38 And straightway hove within his sight Saint *Martin's bird.
1517in Nichols Mann. Anc. Times (1797) 272 Payd on Seynt *Marten's day, for bred and drynke for the syngers, vs.
1592Stow Ann. an. 1280. 300 On S. *Martins euen a great thunder ouerthrew many houses and trees in England. 1598Bp. Hall Sat. iv. iv. 30 Dried Fliches of some smoked Beeue; Hang'd on a writhen with since Martins eue.
1866Treas. Bot. 46/1 Alströmeria Flos Martini, the St. *Martin's Flower of Chili.
1500–20Dunbar Poems xxxiii. 73 The myttane, and Sanct *Martynis fowle, Wend he had bene the hornit howle.
1866Treas. Bot., St. *Martin's herb, Sauvagesia erecta.
1589R. Harvey Pl. Perc. 4, I doubt whether all be gold that glistereth, sith Saint *Martins rings be but Copper within. 1617Fennor Compter's Commonw. 28 This kindnesse is but like Alchimy or Saint Martins rings, that are faire to the eye, and haue a rich outside, but if a man breake them a sunder and looke into them [etc.].
1598E. Guilpin Skial. (1878) 41, I had thought the last mask..Had..Taught thee S. *Martins stuffe from true gold lace.
1591Shakes. 1 Hen. VI, i. ii. 131 This night the Siege assuredly Ile rayse: Expect Saint *Martins Summer, Halcyons dayes. 1864Tennyson Aylmer's F. 560 Then ensued A Martin's summer of his faded love. 1884St. James's Gaz. 7 Nov. 14/2 The arrival of November has only varied matters by bringing in a St. Martin's summer.
1648C. Walker Hist. Independ. i. 122 These letters may be St. *Martins ware, counterfeit stuffe. |