| 释义 |
▪ I. mascle, n.1|ˈmɑːsk(ə)l, -æ-|
Also 4 maskle, 5 maskill, mascule, 7 mascal.
[Of somewhat obscure etymology.
Senses 1 and 2 coincide with senses of L. macula; senses 2 and 3 with senses of F. macle, first quoted from 1584, and regarded by French lexicographers as ad. L. macula; OF. mascle (= sense 3 below) occurs in the Roll of Caerlaverock c 1300, and with date 1397 in Nicholls Roy. Wills (1780) 155; cf. further med.L. mascula mesh (early 15th c. in Diefenbach, perh. an alteration of L. macula after OHG. masca mesh), and OE. mæscre, glossing L. macula, whether in the sense of mesh or in that of spot is doubtful. With sense 1 cf. the 16th c. Du. maschel spot, stain (Kilian).]
†1. A spot, speck. Obs.
13..E.E. Allit. P. A. 725 With-outen mote oþer mascle of sulpande synne. Ibid. B. 556 With-outen maskle oþer mote. a1400–50Alexander 4989 All þe body..Was finely florischt..Of gold graynes & of goules full of gray mascles.
†2. = mesh of a net. Obs.
1329in Riley Mem. Lond. (1868) 172 [The meshes of which nets which are called] mascles [ought to be 1½ inch in size.] c1410Master of Game (MS. Digby) fol. 21 Men taketh hem [sc. foxes]..with heyes, and with pursnettes. But he kutteth with his teth þe mascles. 1688R. Holme Armoury i. 108/2 Mascle, a Mash of a Net. 1696Phillips, Mascle,..the mash or hole of a net.
†b. attrib. in mascle lace. Obs.
a1500MS. Harl. 2320 f. 62 in Catalogue, [Kinds of lace in fashion under Hen. VI. and Edw. IV.] Lace Maskel.
3. Her. A charge in the form of a lozenge with a lozenge-shaped opening through which the ‘field’ appears. (Cf. mesh.) Also attrib.
1486Bk. St. Albans, Her. F iij b, Here ye shall knaw the differans be twix fusillis, masculys and losyngys. 1572J. Bossewell Armorie ii. 126 Whensoeuer ye shall see eyther Losenge, Mascle, or other thynge voyded of the fielde, Fesse, bende &c. whereon theye stande, it is sufficient to saye, voyded, onelye. 1610J. Guillim Heraldry iv. xix. (1632) 359 A Mascle differeth from both the Fusill and Lozenge; first, because [etc.]. 1680Lond. Gaz. No. 1503/4 Several pieces of Plate engraven with a Leopards head..and five Mascals. 1688R. Holme Armoury iii. 322/2 A Mascle Buckle Bottony..is generally termed by the name of a Losenge or Mascle Shooe Buckle. 1797Encycl. Brit. (ed. 3) VIII. 455/1 Opinions have varied very much about the original of the mascles or mashes. 1893Cussans Her. (ed. 4) 71 The Mascle is a Lozenge voided.
transf.1863Kinglake Crimea II. 204 The outline of the ground covered by their troops took the shape of a lozenge. Within the mascle or hollow lozenge thus formed, there marched the Turkish battalions.
4. Antiq. One of the perforated lozenge-shaped plates of metal fastened to the outer surface of the military tunic of the 13th century. (Cf. macle 4.)
1822Gentl. Mag. XCII. i. 308 But two different kinds of mail, the mascled and flat ringed, are all that can be found in them, the mascles being sometimes lozenge-shaped and sometimes square. 1824Meyrick Anc. Armour I. Introd. 69 A tunic,..coated with perforated lozenges of steel, called..macles, or mascles. 1846Fairholt Costume in Eng. 88 These mascles were lozenge-shaped plates of metal.
▪ II. † mascle, a. and n.2 Obs.
Also 5 mascul.
[a. early OF. mascle: see male a.]
= male a. and n. mascul thure: ‘male incense’ (see male a. 6).
c1410Master of Game (MS. Digby 182) i, An hare shall dure well iiii. myle or more or lasse, and she be an olde hare mascle. Ibid. iv, For alle þe sesoun a mascle and a femell abydith togyders. c1420Pallad. on Husb. xi. 412 A vnce of mascul thure Wel smellynge, and an vnce of pipur dure. 1455Rolls of Parlt. V. 329/2 Thaim and thaire heires mascles. 1587Stanyhurst Descr. Irel. ii. 19 in Holinshed, Without the coupling of mascle or female. |