| 释义 |
mediation|miːdɪˈeɪʃən|
Forms: 4–5 mediacioun, 4–6 -cion, 5 medyacyoun, 5–6 -cion, 6 medea-, mediacyon, mediatioun, 5– mediation.
[a. OF. mediacion (mod.F. médiation), ad. late L. mediātiōn-em (c 500 in Quicherat), n. of action f. mediāre: see mediate v. Cf. Sp. mediacion, Pg. mediação, It. mediazione]
†1.
a. Division by two; division into two equal parts; halving, bisection. Obs.
c1425Craft Nombrynge (E.E.T.S.) 14 Mediacion is a takyng out of halfe a nombre out of a holle nombre. 1542Recorde Gr. Artes H vj, Mediation..is nothyng els but deuidyng by 2. 1674S. Jeake Arith. (1696) 33 To take the half of any Number called Mediation, Bipartition, or Division by 2. 1727Bailey vol. II, Mediation (in Geom.) with respect to lines, is called bissection or bipartition.
†b. Mus. [= med.L. mediatio octavæ.] The division of the octave at the arithmetical or harmonic mean. Obs.
1597Morley Introd. Mus. Annot., The fourth may be set in the eight, either aboue the fift, which is the harmonicall diuision or mediation (as they tearme it) of the eight, or vnder the fift, which is the Arithmeticall mediation.
†c. Astron. mediation of heaven [med.L. mediatio cæli]: the southing of a heavenly body.
1426Lydg. De Guil. Pilgr. 16668 The loode sterre, which off his nature abydeth ffyx in hys spere, and neuere draweth ffor to declyn by medyacion. 1633H. Gellibrand in T. James' Voy. R iij, At the instant of the Moones Culmination or Mediation of Heauen.
2. Agency or action as a mediator; the action of mediating between parties at variance; intercession on behalf of another.
c1386Chaucer Man of Law's T. 136 By the popes mediacion..They been acorded. 1431in Eng. Gilds (1870) 280 If these men so chosen, with good mediacion of the alderman, mowe not brynge hem to acorde. 1447O. Bokenham Seyntys (Roxb.) Introd., Be the blyssyd medyacyoun Of this virgyne. 1572Reg. Privy Council Scot. II. 134 Be freindlie mediatioun and laubouris. 1662Bk. Com. Prayer Prayer High Crt. Parl., These and all other necessaries..we humbly beg in the Name and mediation of Jesus Christ. 1667Milton P.L. iii. 226 All mankind Must have bin lost,..had not the Son of God,..His dearest mediation thus renewd. 1788Gibbon Decl. & F. xlv. IV. 462 As a Christian bishop, he [Gregory] preferred the salutary offices of peace; his mediation appeased the tumult of arms. 1844Thirlwall Greece lxiii. VIII. 243 Envoys..had been sent to offer their mediation for the purpose of terminating the war.
attrib.1857M. Pattison Ess. (1889) II. 241 The Mediation-Theology itself does not shrink from engaging the Christological problem.
3. a. Agency as an intermediary; the state or fact of serving as an intermediate agent, a means of action, or a medium of transmission; instrumentality.
c1391Chaucer Astrol. Prol. 1 By mediacion of this litel tretis, I purpose to teche thee a certein nombre of conclusiouns apertening to the same instrument. 1560J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 21 His fellowes at home..wrot to Lewis the Frenche kinge, by the mediation of Erarde Marchiane Byshoppe of Liege. 1615G. Sandys Trav. 168 Not to be touched but by the mediation of a sticke prepared for the purpose. 1646H. Lawrence Comm. Angells 38 The understanding receives things by the mediation, first of the externall sences, then of the fancy. 1648Hamilton Papers (Camden) 205, I intend to corresponde with you by her mediation. 1796Burke Regic. Peace i. Wks. VIII. 156 To seek for peace..through the mediation of a vigorous war. 1796Kirwan Elem. Min. (ed. 2) II. 269 By the mediation of nickel it will unite to Bismuth. 1860Tyndall Glac. i. iii. 23 Through his mediation I secured a chamois-hunter.
b. Psychol. (See quot. 1934.) Also attrib.
1912Amer. Jrnl. Psychol. Jan. 102 The occurrence of associations whose mediation does not come into consciousness in any recognizable manner is certainly an interesting and well-attested phenomenon. 1934H. C. Warren Dict. Psychol. 162/1 Mediation, the interposition of one or more ideas or acts between an initial stimulus or idea and a given end result whose genesis is under investigation. 1953C. E. Osgood Method & Theory Exper. Psychol. iii. ix. 395 Short circuiting enters into all behavior, and its most important role lies in formation of those representational mediation processes. 1963Ervin & Miller in J. A. Fishman Readings Sociol. of Lang. (1968) 91 While there is overlap..with American studies in verbal mediation, the experimental questions have been quite different. 1970Jrnl. Gen. Psychol. LXXXIII. 53 Osgood..developed it [sc. the Semantic Differential] and rationalized it in terms of mediation theory. 1971A. Paivio Imagery & Verbal Processes ix. 320 The experimental and language-habit approach to the investigation of mediation paradigms.
4. Mus. That part of a plain-song or an Anglican chant which lies between the two reciting-notes.
The mediation of a plain-song chant is regarded by some as including the reciting-note, and is then taken to be all that part of the first half of the chant following the ‘intonation’.
1845J. Jones Man. Instr. Plain-Chant 10 When, at the mediation of the 1st, 3d, 6th, and 7th tones, the last word is a monosyllable, it is joined to the preceding syllable. 1879Helmore in Grove Dict. Mus. I. 337/2 In the modern Anglican chants the Intonation has been discarded, and the chant consists of the Mediation and Termination only. 1893J. Heywood Art of Chanting viii. 21 Most of the early Anglican chants seem to require two accents in their mediation. |