| 释义 |
mediator|ˈmiːdɪeɪtə(r)|
Also 4–6 medyat-; 4–5 -ure, 4–6 -oure, 4–7 -our, 5 -owr(e, -er, (6 medeator).
[a. F. médiateur, ad. late L. mediātōr-em, f. mediāre to mediate. Cf. Sp. mediador, Pg. mediador, mediator, It. mediatore.
The Lat. word, though formally implying the vb., was perh. formed directly on medius middle, in imitation of Gr. µεσίτης (f. µέσος middle). The early examples, exc. one in Appuleius (2nd c.), are all Christian and theological, representing µεσίτης as used in the N.T.]
1. One who intervenes between two parties, esp. for the purpose of effecting reconciliation; one who brings about (a peace, a treaty) or settles (a dispute) by mediation.
1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) VII. 125 Mediatours goynge bytwixe, pees was made. 1413Pilgr. Sowle (Caxton 1483) iv. xxxi. 80 These Royal lordes ben menes and medyatours bytwene the kyng and his peple in euery nede that may befalle. 1554Act 1 & 2 Phil. & Mary, c. 8 §9 It maie please yor Majesties to be Intercessours and Mediatours to..Cardinall Poole. 1606Pulton Kalender of Stat. 18 b (27 Edw. III, c. 24), And two English men, two of Lombardie, and two of Almaigne shall chosen to be Mediators of questions between sellers and buiers. c1615Bacon Adv. Sir G. Villiers Wks. 1879 I. 509/1 The trouble of all men's confluence..to yourself, as a mediator between them and their sovereign. 1769Robertson Chas. V x. III. 251 The Princes who were present..acted as intercessors or mediators between them. 1853J. H. Newman Hist. Sk. (1873) II. ii. iv. 258 He claimed for himself especially the part of mediator between political rivals. 1855Milman Lat. Chr. x. iv. (1864) VI. 172 The lofty station of the mediator of such peace became his sacred function.
fig.1609Daniel Civ. Wars viii. liii, And in deliv'ring it, lifts vp her eyes, (The mouingst Mediatours shee could bring).
2. Theol. One who mediates between God and man; applied esp. to Jesus Christ (cf. 1 Tim. ii. 5).
a1300Cursor M. 27503 Þou has me [the confessor] made als mediator, Als mediator and messager, Tuix þe and þam þair errand bere. c1375Sc. Leg. Saints xxxvi. (Baptista) 629 Medyature als wes he betwene ws & þe trinite. 1382Wyclif 1 Tim. ii. 5 O God and mediatour of God and men. 1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 190 b, Sauyour & mediatour of mankynde. 1649Bp. Reynolds Hosea i. 41 The Prophet here secretly leadeth us to Christ the Mediatour. 1667Milton P.L. xii. 240 Instructed that to God is no access Without Mediator. 1736Butler Anal. ii. v. (Bohn) 240 There is then no sort of objection, from the light of nature, against the general notion of a mediator between God and man. 1902A. B. Davidson Biblical & Lit. Ess. 247 These saints as intercessors and mediators bridge over the chasm that separates God from man.
†3. A go-between; a messenger or agent. Obs.
c1375Sc. Leg. Saints iii. (Andreas) 1063 Þane he þat mediatoure had bene, and hard þis answere all bedene, recordyt it to þe bischope. c1386Chaucer Pars. T. ⁋893 The fourthe circumstance is, by whiche mediatours or by whiche messagers, as for enticement, or for consentement to bere campainye with felaweshipe. c1470Gol. & Gaw. 400 Our souerane Arthour..Has maid ws thre as mediatour, His message to schaw. 1576Fleming Panopl. Epist. 331 Your highnesse, whom it hath pleased..voluntarily (without the helpe of any mediatour) to graunt mee free..accesse to your friendshippe. 1622Malynes Anc. Law-Merch. 98 A Merchant, hauing many of these Billes..will resort vnto..another Merchant, commonly accompanied with a Mediator or Broker. 1697in Syllabus Rymer's Fœd. (1869) Pref. 112 The French had received our ratification under the signett, and putt it collationed into the mediatours hands.
4. Path. Applied to those constituents of a serum which actively produce hæmolysis.
1903A. S. Grünbaum in Brit. Med. Jrnl. 21 Mar. 654 Ehrlich..recognized..that Bordet was right in assuming the existence of two bodies for the production of this phenomenon [sc. hæmolysis], and that one body (mediator, amboceptor) was present in quantity in the serum of immunized animals only, while the other (the complement) occurred in the serum of normal untreated animals. Ibid. 4 Apr. 784 The immune serum merely contains an excess of normal mediators and not new ones.
5. A variation in the games of ombre and quadrille. [= Sp. mediator. Cf. mediateur.]
1902Ld. Aldenham Ombre 6 Quadrille, Quintille, Piquemedrille, Tredrille, Sextille, and Mediator, which are all variations of the Game of Ombre.
6. That which effects a transition between one stage and another; spec. in Psychol., that which acts as an agent in mediation (sense 3 b). Also attrib.
1953C. E. Osgood Method & Theory Exper. Psychol. iii. ix. 402 The self-stimulation produced by mediators. Ibid. 404 (caption) A change in the instrumental sequence elicited by a mediator. 1965Language XLI. 139 Such words as istorik, istorija.., which appear already in Old Russian literature, are justly regarded by her as direct borrowings from Greek or Latin, and not as mediated by other languages... On the other hand, the more detailed data obtained on foreign words have enabled Mrs. Worth to correct and to define more precisely the role of the mediator languages, especially that of Polish. 1967Word XXIII. 14 Among the numerous ‘mediator’ languages suggested so far those based on the symbols of mathematical logic are of especial interest to modern interlinguistics. 1969[see E.S.T s.v. E III.]. 1970N. E. Spear in M. R. D'Amato Exper. Psychol. xii. 604 S's consequential use of potential mediators for learning. 1970Jrnl. Gen. Psychol. LXXXIII. 5 Rhine also furthers his analysis to the affect-arousal components that certain verbal mediators may eventually elicit. 1971A. Paivio Imagery & Verbal Processes ix. 319 Potential mediators are either inferred from association norms or are ‘built in’ experimentally. |