| 释义 |
medio-|ˈmiːdɪəʊ|
used as combining form of L. medius middle:
1. In Zool. and Bot. in various adjs. descriptive of parts and organs of animals and plants, with the sense either ‘relating to the middle of’ (an organ or part), as in medio-carpal, medio-colic, medio-digital, medio-dorsal (hence medio-dorsally adv.), medio-frontal (also absol. = ‘medio-frontal suture’), medio-lateral (hence medio-laterally adv.), medio-occipital, medio-palatine (also absol. = ‘medio-palatine bone’), medio-pontine, medio-stapedial (absol. in quots.), medio-tarsal, medio-ventral; or ‘in the middle’, as in medio-depressed, medio-perforate; also in medio-inferior, -posterior = ‘lower middle’, ‘posterior-middle’ (margin).
1890Syd. Soc. Lex., *Medio-carpal, relating to the middle of the carpus.
1871W. A. Leighton Lichen-Flora 78 Subpeltate, *medio-depressed, margin white crenulate [etc.].
1852Dana Crust. i. 625 Species with a *medio-dorsal spine.
1882Vines Sachs' Bot. 449 The first leaf is the scutiform leaf..which is placed *medio-dorsally.
1865Thurnam in Nat. Hist. Rev. Apr. 246 The almost infallible closure of the *medio-frontal.
1849Dana Geol. App. i. (1850) 698 [The] straight *medio-inferior margin, parallel with the dorsal.
1854Owen Skel. & Teeth in Circ. Sci., Org. Nat. I. 214 The *medio-lateral pieces as..developments of the ribs.
1971Nature 20 Aug. 542/2 The nucleus is crescent shaped in cross section and extends 1·4 mm rostrocaudally and *mediolaterally.
1890Syd. Soc. Lex., *Medio-occipital, relating to the middle of the occipital region.
1884Coues Key N. Amer. Birds (ed. 2) 173 The most marked *medio-palatine ossification... Such are..formations which, like the medio-palatine, serve to bind the palate halves together.
1879W. A. Leighton Lichen-Flora (ed. 3) 516 *Medio-perforate, perforated in the centre.
1890Syd. Soc. Lex., *Medio-pontine, relating to the middle of the pons varolii.
1852Dana Crust. i. 625 *Medio-posterior spine small, very remote from posterior margin.
1875W. K. Parker in Encycl. Brit. III. 702/2 The bar itself is the ‘*medio-stapedial’..; it will soon segment itself off from the ear-capsule. 1890Syd. Soc. Lex., Medio-stapedial, the middle third of the columella of the ear in the frog.
1884Coues Key N. Amer. Birds (ed. 2) 121 note, A bird's ankle-joint is..between proximal and distal series of tarsal bones, and therefore *medio-tarsal as in reptiles.
1870Rolleston Anim. Life Introd. 40 Reflected upwards from the *medio-ventral line.
2. In Philol., as medio-palatal a., articulated with the tongue against the middle part of the hard palate; medio-passive a., of the voice of a verb, intermediate between active and passive (cf. middle a. 4 a); also as n.; hence medio-passivization.
1902E. W. Scripture Elem. Exper. Phonetics xvii. 297 Roof articulations are indicated by the names..pre-, medio-, postpalatal. 1942Bloch & Trager Outl. Ling. Analysis 15 Different points of articulation are designated by the terms prepalatal, mediopalatal, and postpalatal, indicating that the front [of the tongue] touches or approaches respectively the anterior, the middle, or the posterior part of the hard palate. 1949R.-M. S. Heffner Gen. Phonetics vi. 148 In Midwest American pronunciations of English there is an open r sound, which is formed by raising the middle region of the dorsum of the tongue towards the mediopalatal junction between the hard palate and velum. 1962Chavarria-Aguila & Penzl in Householder & Saporta Probl. Lexicogr. iv. 241 A contrasting pair of voiced and voiceless medio-palatal fricatives occur.
1921E. Sapir Lang. iv. 74 Of the seven suffixes..-o(ht) -indicates activity done for the subject (the so-called ‘middle’ or ‘medio-passive’ voice of Greek). 1933E. H. Sturtevant Compar. Gram. Hittite Lang. vi. 250 Hittite has a medio-passive, which has the same uses as the Gk. middle voice. It most frequently represents the subject as acting upon or in respect of himself. 1934Priebsch & Collinson German Lang. ii. vi. 296 Germanic retained in Gothic an inflected medio-passive present from Indo-European. 1952O. R. Gurney Hittites vi. 118 The verb has two voices—active and medio⁓passive. 1968Encycl. Brit. XI. 558/1 Besides the active there survives a medio-passive voice [in Hittite] characterized in the present by a somewhat loose -r(i) attached to the old middle endings. 1972Language XLVIII. 393 A reflexive—hence, by ergative criteria, mediopassive—form of the verb. Ibid. 395 In keeping with the ergative focus, the object (non-ergator) is retained formally in an intransitive, mediopassive form, there being no external agent of the action described. 1973A. H. Sommerstein Sound Pattern Anc. Greek ii. 13 The infinitive ending in all medio-passive senses is /-sthay/. 1975Language LI. 97 Ambiguity between reflexive and medio-passive constructions is possible (e.g. ‘I got out’ vs. ‘I cut myself’); but in practice this is not much of a problem, since many verbs do not undergo medio-passivization. |