| 释义 |
▪ I. millet1|ˈmɪlɪt|
Forms: 5, 7 milet, 6 myllet(t, mylet, millette, 8 millett, mellet, 6– millet.
[a. F. millet, dim. of mil: see mill n.2]
1. A graminaceous plant, Panicum miliaceum, native of India but extensively cultivated as a cereal in the warmer parts of Europe, growing three or four feet high, and bearing on a terminal spike or panicle a large crop of minute nutritious seeds.
a. The grain.
c1400Mandeville (Roxb). xxx. 134 Þai ete milet and rysz. 1562Turner Herbal ii. 57 Millet in brede norisheth lesse then other cornes do. 1634Peacham Gentl. Exerc. ii. vii. 125 A handfull of Millet Oates, and Panicle. 1772Ann. Reg. 165/2 He has subsisted chiefly for these ten years past on raw onions and millet. 1865A. Cary Ball. & Lyrics 227 Turn in the little seed, brown and dry, Turn out the golden millet.
b. The plant.
1577B. Googe Heresbach's Husb. (1586) 31 b, Millet called in Latine Millium,..having as it were a thousand graines in an eare. 1653H. Cogan tr. Pinto's Trav. xxviii. 109 Great plains full of wheat, rice, beans, pease, millet, panick [etc.]. 1762Mills Syst. Pract. Husb. I. 448 Millet, either green, or after its grain is threshed out, is very good fodder for cattle. 1859Jephson Brittany xi. 177 Besides the usual crops, I observed extensive fields of millet.
2. Applied to other graminaceous plants, esp. Sorghum vulgare (African, Black, Indian, Turkey Millet) and Setaria italica (Italian or German Millet). (See quots.)
1548Turner Names of Herbes 54 Milium indicum is nowe muche sowen in Italy... It were better to cal it..turkish millet. 1597Gerarde Herbal i. liii. 73 Milium nigrum. Blacke Millet. Ibid. i. lv. 77 Tvrkie Millet is a stranger in England. 1640Parkinson Theat. Bot. 1136 Melica sive Sorghum. Indian Millet. Ibid. 1137 Turkie or Indian Millet, and of some [called] Italian Millet. 1764Grainger Sugar Cane iv. 567 Let Indian millet rear its corny reed. 1765Museum Rust. v. 74 The African millet, sorghum, milium nigrum. 1839Penny Cycl. XV. 225/1 Caffre millet (Holcus Cafer) is a native of the Cape of Good Hope. Ibid. 225/2 Drooping millet (Sorghum cernuum) is cultivated in Arabia, Syria, and various parts of the Levant. 1846–50A. Wood Class-bk. Bot. 596 Piptatherum nigrum. Black-seeded millet. 1861Swinhoe N. China Camp. 372 The chief produce of the country is the Kaouleang, or Barbadoes Millet (Sorghum). 1864Chambers's Encycl. VI. 461/2 Penicillaria spicata, or Pennisetum typhoideum, is very extensively cultivated in Africa... It often receives the names Egyptian Millet and Guinea Corn. 1869E. A. Parkes Pract. Hygiene (ed. 3) 178 The Hindu diet consists of some of the millets (cholum, raggee) [etc.]. 1874Treas. Bot. 1318/1 Millet, Texas, Sorghum cernuum. 1889J. H. Maiden Useful Native Plants Austral. 97 Panicum decompositum,..‘Australian millet’, ‘Umbrella grass’... One of the most valuable of the Darling Downs (Queensland) grasses. 1896Australasian 14 Mar. 488/5 One of the very best of the grasses found in the hot regions of Central Australia is the Australian millet, Panicum decompositum.
¶ grey millet: see grey a. 8.
3.
†a. pl. A skin disease attacking the fetlocks of horses. Obs.
1523Fitzherb. Husb. §110 Myllettes is an yll sorance, and appereth in the fetelockes behynde.
b. sing. A disease of the mouth, most common in infants, in which small white points or patches appear.
1842Guy Hooper's Physician's Vade Mecum 352 Stomatitis, with alteration of the Secretion—Muguet—Millet.
†4. = cenchrine. Obs.
1608Topsell Serpents (1658) 743 Of the Millet or Cenchrine. 1661Lovell Hist. Anim. & Min. 253 Myllet, or Cenchrine... They are..venimous in the second degree... They are spotted like millet seed, about two cubits in length, attenuated towards the taile, the colour is darke like the Millet, and is then most ireful when this herb is highest.
5. attrib. and Comb., as millet-field, millet flour, millet grain, millet-meal, millet pudding, millet-straw; millet-ale, beer, a fermented liquor made from millet-seed; millet-rash, miliary fever. Also millet-grass, millet-seed.
1834Pringle Afr. Sk. i. 19 The honey-mead, the *millet-ale, Flow round.
1890Syd. Soc. Lex., *Millet beer, a fermented liquor made from millet-seed in Roumania.
1873‘Ouida’ Pascarel I. 107 We went through the *millet-fields at sunrise.
1747tr. Astruc's Fevers 334 Many pustules..of the bigness of *millet-grains.
1765Museum Rust. V. 76 The millers..return a good third of a bushel of *millet-meal for every bushel sent to them.
1747H. Glasse Cookery ix. 107 A *Millet Pudding. You must get half a Pound of Millet-seed [etc.]. 1762W. Gelleroy London Cook 175 A Mellet Pudding.
1822–34Good's Study Med. (ed. 4) IV. 440 Species IV. Exormia Milium. *Millet-Rash.
1844Stephens Bk. Farm II. 379 They considered *millet-straw as the best for cattle.
▪ II. ‖ millet2|ˈmɪlɛt|
[Turk. millet nation, group of co-religionists, f. Arab. milla religion.]
A division of the subjects of the Ottoman Empire according to allegiance to a religious leader (see quot. 1902). Often used spec. of non-Muslims.
[1861G. Finlay Hist. Greek Revolution I. i. 9 The Greek language was the language of the Church and the law which ruled the whole assemblage of nations called by the Othoman administration, Roum meleti, or Roman nation.] 1900‘Odysseus’ Turkey in Europe vii. 296 The Turk divides the population of the Ottoman Empire into Millets, or religious communities. 1902Encycl. Brit. XXX. 395/1 All Moslems..are included in the millet..of Islam. The Rûm, or Roman (i.e., Greek) millet comprises all those who acknowledge the authority of the Œcumenical Patriarch,..the Bulgar millet comprises the Bulgarians who accept the rule of the exarchate; the other millets are the Katolik (Catholics), Ermeni (Gregorian Armenians), Musevi (Jews) and Prodesdan (Protestants). 1933Times Lit. Suppl. 14 Dec. 890/2 The system of organization in millets..which existed under the Sultans goes back to the early days of Islam. 1942Turkey (Geogr. Handbk. Ser. B. R. 507, Admiralty, Naval Intelligence Div.) I. viii. 290 Each millet had complete autonomy, under the authority and leadership of an ecclesiastical functionary. 1971A. Mango Discovering Turkey i. 69 The Ottoman Empire..was a multi-national state,..the criterion of differentiation among its subjects was religion and not nationality. Millet..which in modern Turkish means ‘nation’, was until recently used to describe a religious community. 1973Times Lit. Suppl. 29 June 754/2 They could coexist in the same territory under the same loose domination, as many different millets did in the Ottoman Empire.
▪ III. millet
obs. variant of mullet. |