| 释义 |
▪ I. antidote|ˈæntɪdəʊt|
[(? a. Fr. antidote,) ad. L. antidotum, a. Gr. ἀντίδοτον a remedy, prop. neut. sing. of ἀντί-δοτος given against. In 16–17th c. often used in Gr. or L. form, with pl. -a.]
1. A medicine given to counteract the influence of poison, or an attack of disease.
1543Traheron Vigo's Chirurg. (1586) 431 Antidota, are medicines to be received within the bodie..some are geven against poison, some against the stinging of venemous beasts. 1598B. Jonson Ev. Man in Hum. iii. v. 64 An antidote, that had you taken the most deadly poysonous plant..it should expell it. 1604James I Counterbl. (Arb.) 101 The loathsome, and hurtfull vse of this stinking Antidote. 1633G. Herbert Provid. xxii. in Temple 112 Where are poysons, antidots are most. 1875H. Wood Therap. (1879) 45 [To] sulphate of copper..milk and eggs..are the most efficient antidotes.
b. Const. against, for, to.
1515in Froude Hist. Eng. II. viii. 241 Some say..that to find the antidotum for this disease is impossible. 1593Nashe Chr. Teares 87 Him..that takes any antidote against it [the Plague]. 1653Walton Angler 145 A natural Balsome or Antidote against all Poison. 1752Hume Polit. Disc. ii. 38 One poison may be an antidote to another. 1779Sheridan St. Patrick's D. ii. iv, He has antidotes for all poisons. 1843Mill Logic iii. ix. §1 Such examples are afforded by antidotes to these poisons.
2. fig. Const. as in prec.
1548Veron (title) An Holsom Antidotus or counterpoysen agaynst the pestilent heresye and sect of Anabaptistes. 1635Quarles Emblems v. (1718) 333 To lend My wasting day, an antidote for night! 1656Bramhall Replic. ii. 87 Adjuments of unity, and antidotes against Schism. 1656H. More (title) Antidote against Atheisme. 1768Goldsm. Good-n. Man i. i, His very mirth is an antidote to all gaiety. 1810Coleridge Friend (1865) 118 The whole truth is the best antidote to falsehoods which are dangerous chiefly because they are half-truths. 1878Seeley Stein III. 433 To regard Reform as the best antidote against Revolution.
▪ II. antidote, v.|ˈæntɪdəʊt|
[f. prec. n., after med.L. antidotā-re, and Fr. antidoter (Cotgr. 1611).]
†1. trans. To furnish with an antidote; fortify against poison (a man or his system). Also fig. Obs.
1630J. Taylor (Water P.) Wks. iii. 98/1 She's antidoted, well perfum'd and painted. 1655W. Gurnall Chr. in Arm. ix. (1669) 94/2 Be..careful to antidote thy Soul against receiving infection. a1703Burkitt On N.T. Matt. x. 31 To antidote our spirits against all distrustful fears.
2. To apply an antidote to, counteract (a poison, etc.). Also fig.
1661Burney κέρδ. Δῶρον 45 As the dearest Father, he has compassion to antidote extreams. 1742Richardson Pamela III. 238 Incapable of antidoting the Poison he has spread. 1869H. Ussher in Eng. Mech. 3 Dec., Opium or belladonna taken internally antidote each other. |