| 释义 |
replicon Biol.|ˈrɛplɪkɒn|
[ad. F. réplicon (Jacob & Brenner 1963, in Compt. Rend. CCLVI. 298), f. réplic-ation replication: see -on1.]
A piece of genetic material which replicates as a unit, beginning at a single site within it.
1963Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quantitative Biol. XXVIII. 330/2 A genetic element such as an episome or a chromosome (of a bacterium or of a phage) constitutes a unit of replication or replicon. Such a unit can only replicate as a whole... The capacity to behave as a replicon must depend upon the presence and activity of certain specific determinants. In other words, the properties of such units require that they set up specific systems of signals allowing, or preventing, their own replication. 1971Jrnl. Molecular Biol. LVIII. 873 It has been hypothesized that in mammalian cells DNA replication proceeds via two replication forks per replicon, which proceed in opposite directions. 1972Bacteriol. Rev. XXXVI. 365/1 The hypothesis was proposed that those DNA molecules that are capable of replication (termed ‘replicons’) are circular in structure and carry at least two gene loci controlling their replication; at one locus on the replicon is located a regulator gene which produces a diffusible substance (initiator) acting upon the second locus, an operator of replication (replicator), to permit DNA replication to be initiated from that point. 1974Nature 9 Aug. 467/2 Each chromosome contains many tandemly arranged units of replication (replicons), and each replicon is comparable to the whole chromosome of a bacterium or a virus in that its replication is usually bi⁓directional. 1976Ibid. 29 Jan. 281/1 Each of these components is capable of autonomous replication in certain host strains of bacteria; that is, each is a ‘replicon’. |