| 释义 |
▪ I. moil, n. Mining.|mɔɪl|
[Origin unknown; perh. related to moil v.]
A pointed hand-held steel tool used for cutting rock in a mine. Cf. gad n.1 2 b.
1871W. Morgans Man. Mining Tools 156 Fig. 171 shows a ‘set’ or ‘moil’, used for cutting ground where it requires to be done evenly, such as in the case of cutting ‘hitches’, or preparing seatings for pit work. 1933R. S. Lewis Elements of Mining xiv. 433 The best tool for cutting a sample in hard rock is the moil. Moils are made of 3/4- or..5/8-in. octagonal steel and are usually from 10 to 12 in. long..preferably sharpened to a diamond point having a taper about 2 in. long. 1991Construction Weekly 18 Sept. 20/1 Of the various tools available, the moil point is generally accepted as the universal tool for demolition and quarrying, whereas the flat chisel is more often used for trenching.
▪ II. moil, n.1 arch. and dial.|mɔɪl|
Also 7 moyle, 7, 9 moile, 9 mooil, mwoil, mwile.
[f. moil v.]
1. Toil, labour, drudgery; freq. in toil and moil.
1612Ainsworth Annot. Ps. vii. 15 Molestation [note] or moyle, miserie. 1642Rogers Naaman 318 When Masters care not what excesse of toile and moile servants undergoe. 1659Hammond On Ps. xc. 10 Their life for that space was..hard travail or moyle. 1785Burns Cotter's Saturday Nt. ii, This night his weekly moil is at an end. 1856G. Brimley Ess., Angel in Ho. 219 Enduring moil and toil in the trenches before Troy. 1881A. J. Duffield Don Quix. II. xliii. 284 It is for love of me that he comes on foot and with all that moil.
2. Turmoil, confusion, tangle; hence fig. ‘trouble, vexation, concern. Also in pl.’ (E.D.D.).
1855Bailey Mystic 47 So fierce a storm, That with the madding moil the waves themselves Inflamed. a1864Hawthorne Amer. Note-bks. (1868) II. iii When I flounder into the midst of bushes, which..intertwine themselves about my legs, and brush my face [etc.]... It is laughable, after I have got out of the moil, to think how miserably it affected me for the moment. 1885Stevenson Child's Gard., Keepsake Mill iii, Deaf are his ears with the moil of the mill.
3. ‘Mud, mire; sticky, wet dirt’ (E.D.D.); a spot, taint; damage caused by touch.
[1818Todd (citing Upton), Moil, a spot.] 1842Akerman Wiltsh. Gloss. 36 ‘To get into the mwoile’, to get into the mud. 1856Mrs. Browning Aur. Leigh iv. 552 A finished generation, dead of plague, Swept outward from their graves into the sun, The moil of death upon them. 1888Berksh. Gloss., Mwile, mire. ‘A's a-gettin' vurder in the mwile’, i.e. he's going from bad to worse.
▪ III. † moil, n.2 Obs.
Forms: 7–8 moyle, 8 moyl, moile, 8–9 moil.
[? var. of mule in the sense of hybrid; see quot. 1823. Cf. genet-moil.
1823 J. Badcock Dom. Amusem. 47 The farina of the pippin was introduced to the flower of the Siberian crab, whereby a mule was produced.]
A variety of apple; also cider produced from this.
1657Austen Fruit Trees i. Ep. Ded. a iij, Cider that is made of the best Fruits, as Pearemaines, Pippins, Moyles,..is much stronger and better than that which is made of ordinary fruits. 1708J. Philips Cyder i. 27 Pregnant with the Dregs Of Moyle, or Mum, or Treacle's viscous Juice. Ibid. 29 The Moile Of sweetest hony'd taste. 1813Sir H. Davy Agric. Chem. (1814) 254 The golden pippin, the red streak, and the moil, so excellent in the beginning of the last century, are now in the extremest stage of their decay.
▪ IV. moil, a. and n.3 dial. (Anglo-Irish and Welsh border.)|mɔɪl|
Also moyle, muil, mweeal, miel. (See E.D.D.)
[a. Ir. maol, and the equivalent Welsh moel, lit. ‘bald’.]
a. adj. Of cattle: Hornless.
b. n. A hornless cow.
1847Gloss. Heraldry, Moile, a provincial word signifying an ox without horns. 1855Morton's Cycl. Agric. II. 724 Muil (Irish), cow without horns. 1887Havergal Hereford. Gloss., Moyle, a hornless cow or bullock.
▪ V. moil, v.|mɔɪl|
Forms: 5–7 moile, 6–7 moyle, 7–9 moyl, (9 dial. myle, mile, mwoil, mwile), 7– moil.
[a. OF. moillier (:—popular L. *molliāre, f. L. mollis soft) to wet, moisten, also intr. to paddle in mud (mod.F. mouiller to wet).]
1. trans. To wet, moisten; to soil, bedaub, make dirty, chiefly in pass. Obs. exc. dial. and arch.
c1400Beryn 138 A monk that toke the spryngill,..And did right as the manner is, moillid al hir patis. 1575Turberv. Venerie 33 If they go to kenell wette and moyled with dyrt. 1653–4Whitelocke Jrnl. Swed. Emb. (1772) I. 447 Though the streets were very dirty, and their robes very long,..yett they did not hold them up, butt were pitifully moyled. 1706Phillips (ed. Kersey), To Moil,..to dawb with Dirt. 1735Somerville Chase i. 262 Moil'd in the clogging Clay, panting they lag Behind inglorious. 1841C. H. Hartshorne Salopia Antiqua 508 Moiled from yed to fut. a1861Mrs. Browning Mother & Poet vii, Letters moiled With my kisses.
†b. fig. To defile. Obs. rare.
1596Spenser Hymn. Heav. Love 220 Rouze thyself..out of thy soyle, In which thou wallowest..And doest thy mynd in durty pleasures moyle. 1647Trapp Comm. Rev. xiv. 4 Which have not moiled themselves with fornication corporall or spirituall. 1650― Comm. Lev. xviii. 20 As David, how did hee moil himself with Bathsheba.
†2. intr. To make oneself wet and muddy; to wallow in mire. Obs.
a1566R. Edwards Damon & Pith. (1571) f iii, All day I moyle in dourte. 1575Gascoigne Flowers, Fruite of Foes Poems 1869 I. 94 A serpent..Which (almost dead for colde) lay moyling in the myre. 1577B. Googe Heresbach's Husb. ii. (1586) 51 b, The Frogge continually doth crie while in the stincking Lakes he still doth moile. 1599Sir Clyomon Prol. A 2, Filthy Swine which in the mire doth moile.
3. To toil, work hard, drudge. Sometimes with some trace of the etymological sense 2: To work in wet and mire. Often coupled with verbs of similar meaning, esp. in to toil and moil. Very common dial.: see E.D.D.
1548–9Latimer Serm. Ploughers (Arb.) 26 They [sc. vnpreaching prelates] are so troubeled wyth Lordelye lyuynge,..mounchyng in their maungers, and moylynge in their gaye manoures and mansions, and so troubeled with loyterynge in theyr Lordeshyppes. 1559Mirr. Mag., Fall R. Tresilian viii, And moyleth for no more then for his needfull hyre. 1580H. Gifford Gilloflowers Poems (Grosart) 55 To toyle and moyle for worldly drosse. 1593Nashe Christ's T. 44 b, Heere we labour, drudge and moyle. 1625Bacon Ess., Plantations, But moile not too much under Ground: For the Hope of Mines is very Uncertaine. 1629H. Burton Truth's Triumph 250 Vega hath spent..20 chapters..wherin he moyles in sweate and dust. c1680Beveridge Serm. (1729) I. 387 He moils and toils..to come at them [sc. riches]. 1687A. Behn Lucky Chance ii. i, I must moil on in the damn'd dirty road, And sure such pay will make the journey easie. 1714Gay Sheph. Week ii. 50 With thee 'twas Marian's dear Delight, To moil all day, and merry make at Night. 1830Galt Lawrie T. ii. xi, Who toil and moil in stores and factories. 1849Longfellow Kavanagh i. 8 They saw him daily moiling and delving in the common path like a beetle. 1858Sears Athan. ii. v. 205 The commentators are signally at fault in moiling at this passage. 1880Browning Dram. Idylls Ser. ii. Dr. ― 34 A lawyer wins repute—Having to toil and moil.
†4. trans. To weary, fatigue; harass, torment, worry. Chiefly pass. Obs.
1582Stanyhurst æneis i. (Arb.) 27 Iuno fel harted, Thee seas, thee regions, thee skies so spightfulye moyling [orig. i. 280 quae mare nunc terrasque metu caelumque fatigat]. 1600Holland Livy xl. xxii. 1074 Much moiled they were all, and sore toiled in this untoward way. 1604T. Wright Passions i. ix. 33 Who is moyled with heavinesse..and perceiveth not his heart to bee coarcted? 1640tr. Verdere's Rom. Rom. iii. 205 This while Alcidamant and Griolanis..were no lesse moiled, for the great Knight of the Sun..so stoutly withstood them. 1653H. Cogan tr. Pinto's Trav. iv. 8 We had been..miserably moiled, and our hurts, that were great, but ill looked unto. 1823Spirit Publ. Jrnls. (1825) 408 He seemed sadly moiled with his matrimonial miseries.
b. refl.
a1560Becon Sick Mans Salve Pref., We moile and tormoile oure selues in studying and deuising howe we maye come by the giftes of glassy fortune. 1581Mulcaster Positions iv. (1887) 15 They [sc. the ancient writers] moile themselues sore, with the maners and conditions of the nurse. 1600Hakluyt Voy. (1810) III. 401 To moyle themselves thus with abiect and base worke. c1611Chapman Iliad xxiii. 637 No more tug one another thus, nor moyle yourselues [τρίβεσθε κακοῖσι]. 1673Marvell Reh. Transp. ii. 115, I only threw it out like empty Cask to amuze him..; he runs away with it as a very serious business and so moyles himself with tumbling and tossing it, that he is in danger of melting his Sperma Ceti. 1869Tennyson North. Farmer, New Style xiii, But 'e tued an' moil'd 'issen deäd.
c. intr. for refl. To distress oneself. Obs. exc. dial., to worry, be fidgety or restless.
1567Golding Ovid's Met. ix. 502 They moyled why others myght not geve like gift as wele as shee [orig. Et, cur non aliis eadem dare dona liceret, Murmur erat]. 1889N.W. Linc. Gloss., Moil,..(2) To be fidgetty or restless. ‘Theäre's noä gettin' noä rest wi' him at neets; he's tewin' an' moilin' aboot for iver’.
5. trans. To root up; to burrow in (the ground) like a pig, badger, etc.; ‘to draw potatoes with the hand from under the growing plant’ (E.D.D.). Obs. exc. dial.
1581J. Bell Haddon's Answ. Osor. 101 b, Like a wilde Boare, to moyle up by the rootes, the florishyng and most plentyfull Vynearde. Ibid. 325 b, It is apparaunt enough what thinges are moyled uppe by the Rootes, but what is planted in that place, he confesseth he cannot as yet discerne.
†b. intr. To burrow. Obs.
15..Edgeworth Serm. i. 6 b, Couetous men be..euerlike wantes or Moles moiling in the grounde. [1625: cf. 3.] 1658A. Fox Würtz' Surg. i. vi. 23 Why do they then molest the Patient with seeking, pressing,..and moiling in the Wound.
†6. trans. ? To maul, mangle. Obs.
1698Fryer Acc. E. India & P. 118 Trampling a Man to Death, or Moiling him to Pieces with their Foreheads.
Add:7. intr. orig. dial. To be restless or anxious; to move around in a state of agitation or confusion; to swirl, eddy; also, to mill about, to circulate, as in a crowd or crowded place.
1889N.W. Linc. Gloss., Moil,..(2) To be fidgetty or restless. ‘Theäre's noä gettin' noä rest wi' him at neets; he's tewin' an' moilin' aboot for iver’. 1932W. Faulkner Light in August xiii. 280 For a short time the dogs moiled, whimpering, then they set off again. 1959Punch 27 May 713/1 The younger men would be moiling around among the cartoons, sports news and theatre notes. 1979D. Adams Hitch-Hiker's Guide to Galaxy vii. 58 The Vogon stared down at him as sluggish thoughts moiled around in the murky depths. 1990Atlantic Apr. 106/2 There discreetly attired partners moiled in dignity amid the serene ambience of a British gentlemen's club. 1996J. Siberry Angel Voyeur (song) in Teenager (record) And on a separate street Well, that man he ceased to moil.
▪ VI. moil
see moiles, moyle, mule1 and mule2. |