| 释义 |
antipodes, n. pl.|ænˈtɪpədiːz|
Also Antipodes.
[a. L. antipodes, a. Gr. (οἱ) ἀντίποδες (in sense 1 below), pl. of ἀντίπους having the feet opposite, f. ἀντί opposite + πούς foot (whence also a sing. antipos). Formerly (quite regularly) three syllables, an-ti-pod(e)s, and hence having a sing. antipod, -pode (cf. apod, apode, decapod), still in use in certain senses; cf. Fr. antipode, -s.]
†1. Those who dwell directly opposite to each other on the globe, so that the soles of their feet are as it were planted against each other; esp. those who occupy this position in regard to us. Obs.
1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xv. lii. (1495) 506 Yonde in Ethiopia ben the Antipodes, men that haue theyr fete ayenst our fete. 1556Recorde Cast. Knowl. 93 People..called of the Greeks and Latines also ἀντίποδες, Antipodes, as you might say Counterfooted, or Counterpasers. 1596Shakes. Merch. V. v. i. 127 We should hold day with the Antipodes, If you would walke in absence of the sunne. 1682in Phil. Collect. XII. 181 These Antipodes..indeavoured to begin a truck or Merchandize with the Yacht. 1788V. Knox Winter Even. I. iii. vii. 275 Men, placed as the Antipodes are represented. 1837Whewell Hist. Induct. Sc. (1857) I. 195 The existence of Antipodes, or persons inhabiting the opposite side of the globe.
†2. fig. Those who in any way resemble the dwellers on the opposite side of the globe. Obs.
1605Bacon Adv. Learn. i. 9 He will neuer be one of the Antipodes, to tread opposite to the present world. 1611A. Stafford Niobe To Reader, My soul is an antipode, and treads opposite to the present world. 1642Fuller Holy & Prof. St. i. ii. 32 Christians were forced to be Antipodes to other men, so that when it was night with others, it was day with them. 1688in De Foe Mem. Ch. Scotl. iv. 99 Antipodes to all Mankind, Enemies to Government.
3. Places on the surfaces of the earth directly opposite to each other, or the place which is directly opposite to another; esp. the region directly opposite to our own.
1549Compl. Scotl. vi. 50 The place that is direct contrar til our zenyth is callit antipodes. Ibid. 51 Lactantius firmien..scornis the mathematiciens that effermis antipodos. 1599Shakes. Much Ado ii. i. 273, I will goe on the slightest arrand now to the Antypodes. 1642Howell For. Trav. (Arb.) 33 From the remotest parts of the Earth..yea from the very Antipods. 1879Wallace Austral. i. 4 New Zealand, almost the antipodes of Britain.
4. a. transf. The exact opposite of a person or thing. (In this sense the sing. antipode is still used.)
1641Ld. Digby Parl. Sp. 19 Jan. 15 Would not one sweare that this were the Antipodes to the other? a1667Cowley Avarice Wks. 1710 II. 754 Having nothing, he has all: This is just his Antipode, who, having all things, yet has nothing. 1682Sir T. Browne Chr. Mor. (1756) 32 Fools..are antipodes unto the wise. 1792Burns Let. Wks. (Globe ed.) 504 That antipode of folly..the wise and witty Willie Nicol. 1809Knox & Jebb Corr. I. 515, I soberly believe, that selfishness is the very antipode of self-love. 1863Mrs. Clarke Shaks. Char. v. 120 Iago is the direct antipodes to Michael Cassio. 1867G. Macdonald Alec Forbes xviii. 77 Forbes he hated, for he was the very antipode to..himself.
b. phr. at antipodes: in direct opposition.
1868Lessons Mid. Age 232 When you feel that you are at antipodes with a man on almost all points.
†5. As adv. (orig. n. in apposition) in phrases like to walk antipodes to. Obs.
1643Char. Oxf. Incend. in Harl. Misc. (1745) V. 474/2 The Man lives towards the Sun-setting, treads Antipodes of late to Victory. 1692Bentley Boyle Lect. vii. 236 Two Vessels, placed there, Antipodes to each other. a1718Penn Tracts Wks. I. 493 He walkt Antipodes to the Genius of that Age.
6. Chem. (with pronunc. ˈæntɪpəʊdz); sing. antipode. An enantio-morphic compound.
1897,1951[see pseudoracemic adj. s.v. pseudo-2]. 1918J. B. Cohen Org. Chem. Adv. Stud. (ed. 2) ii. iii. 169 The two complementary active forms are variously termed active components, antipodes, or enantiomorphs. 1947A. J. Mee tr. Karrer's Org. Chem. (ed. 3) iv. 96 Two such isomerides, which differ neither in chemical nor in general physical properties, but which rotate the plane of polarization of light by the same amount, one to the right, the other to the left, are called antipodes, or enantiomorphic forms. |