| 释义 |
monopolize, v.|məˈnɒpəlaɪz|
[f. monopole1 or monopoly + -ize. Cf. F. monopoliser.]
1. trans. With reference to commerce: To get into one's hands the whole stock of (a particular commodity); to gain or hold exclusive possession of (a trade); to engross.
Now tending to be felt as merely a contextual application of sense 2; the use with a saleable commodity as obj. is consequently almost obsolete. In early use often, † to monopolize into (one's) hands; also † const. from.
1611Cotgr., Monopolé, Monopoled, or monopolized;..ingrossed, as a commoditie, into one, or a few mens hands. 1615in Buccleuch MSS. (Hist. MSS. Comm.) I. 169 The Hollanders would engross this..merchandise, and monopolise it from all mankind. 1626Bernard Isle of Man (1627) 173 Covetousnesse..hath monopolized commodities into his hands, inhanced the prices of things [etc.]. 1653in Rymer Fœdera (1735) XX. 644 To endeavour thereby to Monopolize all Trade into your Hands, and to exclude all other Nations. a1704T. Brown Walk round Lond., Upon Compters Wks. 1709 III. iii. 54 Another [man]..marches from one side of the Ward to another, as if he was just going to the Exchange, to monopolize the Commodities of both the Indies. 1783Justamond tr. Raynal's Hist. Indies I. 144 The Arabians..repaired in crowds to these celebrated islands, the productions of which they had already monopolized. 1817Jas. Mill Brit. India II. iv. vii. 254 If the trade was..monopolized and engrossed by a combination. 1854Badham Halieut. 470 The Emperor of all the Russias used to monopolize the acipenser helops..to supply himself..with..caviare. 1878R. B. Smith Carthage 27 Those who monopolised the commerce of the countries where alone the citron tree grows. 1879H. George Progr. & Pov. vi. ii. (1881) 295 Land..the source of all wealth and the field of all labor, is monopolized.
†b. absol. or intr. To have a monopoly. Obs.
1622Bacon Hen. VII 163 There passed a Law..for Monopolizing and exacting vpon the Trade. 1714C. Johnson Country Lasses i. i, London,..Satan's chief residence: he picks up a vagabond soul or two now and then with us, but he monopolizes there.
2. transf. and fig. To obtain exclusive possession or control of; to get or keep entirely to oneself. † Const. to (oneself), from (another).
1628Prynne Brief Surv. Epist., The enuious..cauils of some peevish Diuines, who would monopolize Diuinity to themselues alone. 1656Cowley Anacr. vii, Gold alone does Passion move, Gold monopolizes Love. 1659T. Pecke Parnassi Puerp. 38 Nor shall mute Fish, the Sea Monopolize. 1668R. Steele Husbandman's Calling x. (1672) 250 When you suffer the world to monopolize your hearts from God, then the right use of the world is perverted. a1714M. Henry Layman's Reasons Wks. 1853 II. 549/1, I cannot monopolize the Church; it is narrow enough, I dare not make it narrower. 1762H. Walpole Vertue's Anecd. Paint. (1765) III. 44 note, Descamps says, that Lely growing jealous of Roestraten, proposed to him a partition of the art; portraits were to be monopolized by Lely. 1778F. Burney Evelina vi, She is a little angel! I cannot wonder that you sought to monopolize her. 1838Dickens Nich. Nick. xix, This fellow, Hawk, is monopolising your niece. 1861F. Metcalfe Oxonian in Iceland vii. (1867) 114 A title now monopolized in England by Knights and Baronets. 1886Sk. fr. Acad. Life 62 Dr. Johnson was allowed to monopolise conversation as he did, because his sagacity was admitted to be enormous. 1889A. R. Wallace Darwinism 27 The progeny of any one species would, if allowed to increase unchecked, alone monopolise the land.
Hence moˈnopolized ppl. a.
1788Jefferson Writ. (1859) II. 540 We participate now of a monopolized, instead on an open market. 1845Encycl. Metrop. VI. 172/1 Any..monopolized commodity. 1894C. N. Robinson Brit. Fleet 18 The advantages of monopolized commerce. |