| 释义 |
monopsony Econ.|məˈnɒpsənɪ|
[f. mono- + Gr. ὀψων-εῖν to buy provisions + -y3.]
A condition in which there is only one buyer for the product of a large number of sellers; cf. monopoly. Also in extended use (see quot. 1971). Hence moˈnopsonist; monopsoˈnistic a.
1933J. Robinson Econ. Imperfect Competition xviii. 219 When the market changes..to a single buying agency..this may be described as monopsony buying. Ibid. 224 Just as we have price discrimination for a monopolist, so we may have price discrimination for a monopsonist. Ibid. xxvi. 296 Monopsonistic exploitation can also arise where..the supply of labour to each firm is less than perfectly elastic. 1941R. Triffin Monopolistic Competition & General Equilibrium Theory iii. 113 Other types of interrelationships, intermediate between monopsony and pure competition, can be distinguished. 1948Commerce & Industry (Pretoria) Mar. 280 The supplying of sawlogs on a contract term of 20 years..may place the sawmiller in a monopsonistic position in a particular forest region. Ibid. Bargaining power will be fairly evenly divided between the two parties. The dangers of monopsony..will thus be limited. 1955Times 15 June 5/4 The term ‘monopsonist’ for a monopoly buyer was coined in the thirties—but has got little foothold in popular discussion. 1964Economist 1 Feb. 434/1 Bargaining between a monopsony buyer and a suppliers' ring. 1968Internat. Encycl. Social Sci. X. 464 Analogous to a seller's monopoly power, a buyer is said to have ‘monopsony’ power when he can significantly affect the price of what he buys by varying the quantity bought. 1969D. C. Hague Managerial Econ. ii. iv. 98 When there is a single buyer in any market, he is often described as a monopsonist. 1971M. Cooper in Royal Soc. Health Jrnl. XCI. 220/2 The main risks of the B.M.A. scheme however are not of this type. Rather they lie in breaking up the State monopsony. Ibid. 221/2 A monopsony is a consumer so large that it can exert pressure on price merely by the threat of withdrawing its custom. 1973Times Lit. Suppl. 9 Mar. 255/2 The granting of monopsonistic concessions to wholesale merchants. |