| 释义 |
antiviral, a. and n.
Brit. |ˌantɪˈvʌɪrəl|, |ˌantɪˈvʌɪrlˌ|, U.S. |ˌænˌtaɪˈvaɪr(ə)l|, |ˌæn(t)iˈvaɪr(ə)l|, |ˌæn(t)əˈvaɪr(ə)l|
[‹ anti- prefix1 + viral adj. Compare earlier antivirus n.]
A. adj.
1. Med. and Biol. Usually of a drug or treatment: active or effective against viruses.
1929Proc. Royal Soc. 1928–9 (B.) 104549 It is possible that..antiviral serum may sensitise the virus for phagocytosis. 1934Ann. Reg. 1933 ii. 63 The development, in horse and baboon serum, of anti-viral properties promises a means of immunising populations to yellow fever. 1987Los Angeles Times 8 Nov. iv. 13/1 Agouron has concentrated its research on a handful of therapeutic drugs, including anti-viral and cancer drugs. 2001Daily Tel. 31 Aug. 22/5 If shingles is diagnosed within the first 72 hours, one of the new anti-viral drugs can be effective.
2. Computing. Of software: designed to detect and remove, or offer protection from, computer viruses. Cf. antivirus n. 2.
1988Risks Digest (ACM Forum) (Electronic text) 2 Jan. The only new info is the description of the anti-viral software. 1994CompuServe Mag. Oct. 29/2 He liked to ‘reverse engineer’ antiviral software, taking it apart to study what signatures it scanned for and what things the software excluded from its scrutiny. 2003Enterprise (Nexis) 1 Apr. 52 Prices for antiviral and personal firewall software start at about {pstlg}40.
B. n. Med. and Biol. An antiviral drug.
1954Science 19 Mar. 391 Its inhibitory effect had been found to be competitive, as Groupe, Pugh, and Levine postulated for their ‘antivirals’. 1973Jrnl. Med. Chem. 16 1296/1 (heading) Antivirals. 1. 2(d-Hydroxybenzyl)imidazo[4,5-c] pyridine. 1992New Yorker 5 Oct. 63/3 He..takes acyclovir, an antiviral, to bolster the effects of AZT. 2001Sci. Amer. Nov. 49/1 A number of antivirals on sale and under study operate after uncoating, when the viral genome..is freed for copying and directing the production of viral proteins. |