释义 |
▪ I. mow, n.1|maʊ| Forms: 1 múᵹa, múha, múwa, 3 moue, muȝe, 3–7 mowe, 4 mou, 4, 7, 8 mough, 5 moghe, mughe, 6 moowe, mowgh(e, 8 maw, 9 dial. mew, moo, mow, 5– mow. [OE. múᵹa, múwa, múha wk. masc., corresponding to ON. múge swath, also crowd of people (in the latter sense also múg-r str. masc.; cf. MSw. moghe masc., multitude, Sw. dial. muga, muva fem., heap, Norw. muga, mua, mue fem., heap, muge masc., heap, crowd). The word also exists in the compound ON. almúge, almúg-r (MSw. almoghe, -mogher, Sw. allmoge, Da. almue), common people. Evidence that the word existed in some other Teut. lang. may possibly be afforded by Sp. muga landmark, pile (so app. med.L. muga from Spain), which, however, some scholars assert to be from Basque; and med.L. mugium haystack (one example from Italy dated 1334). The conjecture that the first element in OHG., MHG. mûwerf mouldwarp represents this word is very doubtful. In England now mainly dialectal; in the U.S. it seems to be general.] 1. A stack of hay, corn, beans, peas, etc.; also, a heap of grain or hay in a barn. Cf. hay-mow.
c725Corpus Gloss. (Hessels) A 108 Aceruus, muha. c1000ælfric Exod. xxii. 6 ᵹif fyr bærne muᵹan oððe standende æceras. c1050Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 348/6 Aceruum, muwan. c1205Lay. 29280, I þan eouesen he [sc. þa sparwen] grupen swa heo duden in þen muȝen. a1300Cursor M. 6760 If fire be kyndeld and ouertak Thoru feld, or corn, or mou, or stak. 1375Barbour Bruce iv. 117 He tuk a culter hat glowand, That het wes in a fyre byrnand...And heych vpon a mow [it] did. 1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. iv. i. (1495) 77 As it faryth in a wete mough of whete. a1400–50Alexander 4434 Þan as a Mare at a moghe ȝoure mawis ȝe fill. c1470Henry Wallace xi. 339 A mow off corn he biggit thaim about. 1483Cath. Angl. 245/2 A Mughe, archonicus. 1523Fitzherb. Husb. 25 For and it sweate not in the heycockes it wyll sweate in the mowe. 1539Knaresborough Wills (Surtees) I. 58 The value of a mowghe of hay. 1573Tusser Husb. (1878) 131 In gouing at haruest, learne skilfully how ech graine for to laie by it selfe on a mow. 1609Holland Amm. Marcell. 220 The whole mow or stacke being shaken was borne downe. 1718Ramsay Christ's Kirk Gr. iii. xxi, But Lawrie he took out his nap Upon a mow o' pease. 1794Billingsley Agric. Surv. Somerset (1797) 310 It is very difficult to keep the mows on stadles free from them [sc. rats and mice]. 1844Stephens Bk. Farm II. 264 To pile up the sheaves as they are brought in into what are called mows, that is, the sheaves are placed in rows. 1862Longfellow Wayside Inn, Prel. 28 The barns display..their mows of hay. 1896Daily News 19 Sept. 2/5 The stooks, locally called mows, present a mass of green shoots. 2. A place in a barn where hay or corn is heaped up.
1755Johnson, Mow, a loft or chamber where hay or corn is laid up. 1856G. Henderson Pop. Rhymes Berwick 91 They were engaged in carrying his corn from the stack in the barn-yard to the mow in the barn. 1884W. Sussex Gaz. 25 Sept., Good spacious barn, asphalte floor, and mow. †3. A heap or pile; also, a heap of earth, a mound, hillock. Obs.
1424in Picton L'pool Munic. Rec. (1883) I. 23 On a mow within the said town we saw the said Sir Richard. 1513Douglas æneis iv. ix. 69 Abufe the mowe the foirsaid bed was maid. 1681W. Robertson Phraseol. Gen. (1693) 899 A mow or heap, strues. 4. attrib. and Comb.: mow-breast, mow-maker, mow-side, mow-stack, mow-yard; mow-barton, a stackyard; † mow-floor, the floor of a barn in which hay or corn is stored; mow-heat, a disease of hay or corn caused by overheating and fermenting in the mow; mow-staddle, ‘the framework or stone upon which a stack is built’ (Eng. Dial. Dict.); mowstead, (a) the place where the rick stands; the stand or supports which raise the rick from the ground; (b) a bay or division between the threshing-floor and the end of the barn; (c) a mass of hay or corn filling such a bay.
1789Trans. Soc. Arts, etc. VII. 12 For [the] Fence of a *Maw-Barton on the same Farm. 1895W. Raymond Tryphena in Love i. 8 He looked upon..the cow-stalls and mow⁓barton full of yellow stacks.
1641Best Farm. Bks. (Surtees) 75 Putte them into the hey-house, and lette them lye att the *mowe-brest all night.
1868Rep. U.S. Commissioner Agric. (1869) 424 Making chimneys, so to speak, in the mow, by putting barrels on the *mow floor and drawing them up as the hay was stowed about them.
1896P. A. Bruce Econ. Hist. Virginia I. 453 Spontaneous combustion, *mowheat, and the depreciation resulting from the entrance of sea water.
1766Chron. in Ann. Reg. IX. 117/2 Let the *mow-maker be provided with a quantity of salt.
1865Mrs. Whitney Gayworthys I. 240 Wealthy tossed down great trusses of hay to them from the *mowside.
1894Blackmore Perlycross 368 *Mowstack and oak-wood, farm⁓house and abbey.
1235–53Rentalia Glaston. (Som. Rec. Soc.) 140 Et debet habere *mugstathel et unum sedlep plenum de frumente.
1530Will T. Tubbe of E. Challow, Berks, So that shoe have my parlor & the over-chambre unto hir use wth a *mowsted in the north ende of my barne. 1629Inventory in Best's Farm. Bks. (Surtees) 110 A piece of a mewstead of wheate and maslin unthresht 6 l. 1833Loudon Encycl. Archit. §889 Along the sides of the threshing-floor are what are called mowsteads.
1869Blackmore Lorna D. xxxix, And here was our own *mowyard better filled than we could remember. ▪ II. mow, n.2|maʊ, məʊ| Forms: 4 mouwe, 4–6 mowe, 5 mawe, 6 mew, 6–7 moe. Pl. 6 moues, -is, mowis, 6–8 mows, 6–7 mowes, 6, 9 mous, mowse. [a. OF. moe, moue mouth, lip, pout (mod.F. moue pouting grimace), of obscure origin; or perh. a. MDu. mouwe of the same meaning. The MDu. word is prob. from OFr.; some, however, think that it was the source, regarding it as a special use of mouwe thick flesh (mow n.4), from which sense the senses ‘thick lip’, ‘pout’ are assumed to have been developed. In England the word has little colloquial currency, and the pronunciation is uncertain. The British Dicts. give |maʊ|, the recent U.S. Dicts. |moʊ|. In Scotland, where the word is still in use, the sound is |mʌu|.] 1. A grimace; esp., a derisive grimace.
c1325Poems Times Edw. II 348 in Pol. Songs (Camden) 339 He makketh the a mouwe. c1374Chaucer Troylus iv. Prol. 7 And when a wight is from hire whiel Ithrowe, Than laugheth she and maketh hym þe mowe. 1390Gower Conf. II. 32 Wherof bejaped with a mowe He goth. a1400–50Alexander 4728 Þan stode þai glorand on his gome with grisely mawis. c1440Promp. Parv. 346/1 Mowe, or skorne, vangia, vel valgia. 1484Caxton Curiall 4 The man that hath grete corage & vertuous mespriseth her lawhynges and mowes. 1535Coverdale Ps. xxxiv. 15 Yee y⊇ very lame come together agaynst me vnawarres, makynge mowes at me, & ceasse not. 1581G. Pettie tr. Guazzo's Civ. Conv. iii. (1586) 170 [They] will not stick to make moes at their maister behinde his back. 1611Shakes. Cymb. i. vi. 41 Apes, and Monkeys 'Twixt two such she's would chatter this way, and Contemne with mowes the other. 1660F. Brooke tr. Le Blanc's Trav. 333 One that we preserved alive was quite amazed, and made us good laughing, with his mows and monkey faces. 1794Godwin Cal. Williams 80 By that devil that..made mows and mocking at his insufferable tortures. 1808Lamb Let. to Manning 26 Feb., A sort of a frantic yell,..with roaring sometimes, like bears, mows and mops like apes. 1847Lytton Lucretia ii. vii, Bob grinned, made a mow at Mr. Grabman, and scampered up the stairs. b. In phrases mops and mows (see mop n.3), mocks and mows, mows and mocks.
1508Kennedie Flyting w. Dunbar 353 In to thy mowis and mokis, It may be verifeit that thy wit is thin. 1602W. Fulbecke 1st Pt. Parall. 71 Things must be recompenced with things... And wordes with wordes, and taunts with mockes, and mowes. 1681W. Robertson Phraseol. Gen. (1693) 898 Mocks and mows with the mouth, sannæ. 2. Sc. †a. A jest. Obs.
c1450Holland Howlat 831 The fulis fonde in the flet, And mony mowis at mete On the flure maid. 1501Douglas Pal. Hon. iii. xlix, And Benytas of ane mussill maid ane aip, With mony vther subtill mow and jaip. 1535Stewart Cron. Scot. (Rolls) II. 375 Mony mow & knak. a1578Lindesay (Pitscottie) Chron. Scot. (S.T.S.) I. 198 Everie word was ane mow that he spak. b. The plural form is used (latterly without consciousness of its grammatical character) with the sense ‘jest’ (as opposed to earnest). Often predicatively (quasi-adj.), esp. in negative contexts, = ‘(no) laughing matter’, ‘(not) to be trifled with’.
1530Lyndesay Test. Papyngo 71, I maid it bot in mowis. a1550Christis Kirke Gr. 155 The millar wes of manly mak, To meit him wes na mowis. a1578Lindesay (Pitscottie) Chron. Scot. (S.T.S.) I. 175 My lordis, is it mowse or earnest? 1728Ramsay Archers diverting themselves 156 Or in earnest, or in mows, Be still successful. 1877G. Macdonald Mrq. Lossie lvii, Juist tak tent the morn what ye say whan Jean's i' the room..for she's no mowse. 1888Barrie Auld Licht Idylls xii, Its not mous to be out at such a time. ▪ III. mow, n.3 dial. East Anglian var. of maw n.3, a gull.
c1440Promp. Parv. 346/1 Mowe, byrd, or semewe. a1490Botoner Itin. (1778) 111 Et ibi nidificant aves vocatæ ganettys, gullys, see mowys, et cæteræ aves marinæ. 1893Broad Norfolk (ed. Cozens–Hardy) 49 Mow, Gull (in general). ▪ IV. † mow, n.4 Sc. Obs. [App. a var. of moll, mull n.1] Dust, mould.
c1470Henryson Mor. Fab. viii. (Preach. Swallow) xliii, Like to the mow before the face of wind Quhiskis away, and makis wratchis blind. 1535Stewart Cron. Scot. (Rolls) II. 79 For-quhy that wall wes nocht biggit with lyme, Bot with dry mow that wes of lytill effect. ▪ V. † mow, n.5 Obs. rare—1. [a. MDu. mouwe = mod.G. maue.] Fleshy part, muscle.
c1489Caxton Sonnes of Aymon vii. 173 Mawgys..cam to bayarde, and bounde hym the mowes of the feete there wyth all well streyghte. ▪ VI. mow, n.6|məʊ| [f. mow v.1 3 d.] In Cricket, a sweeping stroke to leg.
1925D. J. Knight in Country Life 15 Aug. 244/1 Leg-side shots. They are the glides,..the mow and the pull. 1926J. B. Hobbs Test Match Surprise xvi. 171 What he intended for a leg glance was nothing more than a ‘mow’ between square leg and mid-on.
Substitute for etym.: [f. mow v.1] b. An act or instance of mowing something, esp. a lawn. colloq.
1975Times 10 Apr. 11/4 The inclement weather..has enabled me to put off..the first mow of the lawn. 1987S. Oxf. Courier 16 Apr. 17/3 Never be tempted to cut off more than one third of the length of the grass in one mow as it weakens the growth. 1989Daily Tel. 1 May 20/2 Giving the lawn its first mow of the season. ▪ VII. mow, v.1|məʊ| Forms: 1–2 máwan, 2–4 mowen, 3 meowen, mewen, mouin, 3–8 mowe, 5–9 dial. maw(e, 7 mough, 6– mow. pa. tense 5, 8 (9 dial.) mew(e, 8– mowed. pa. pple. 1 máwen, 5 mowe, 5–7 mowen, 6 mowne, 8 Sc. mawn, 6– mowed, 7– mown. [A Com. WGer. (orig. reduplicating) verb: OE. máwan (pa. tense *méow, pa. pple. máwen); in the other langs. conjugated weak: OFris. mêa, MLG. meien, MDu. maeien (Du. maaien), OHG. mâen (MHG. mæjen, mod.G. mähen); from LG. are Sw. meja, Da. meie. The root, OTeut. *mǣ-, pre-Teut. *mē-, occurs in mead, meadow, and in Gr. ἀµᾶν to reap; an extended form is found in L. mēt-ĕre to reap. The pa. tense is now always mowed; in the pa. pple. the str. and wk. forms are both current.] 1. a. trans. To cut down (grass, corn, etc.) with a scythe, or (in recent use) with a machine that operates like a scythe. Also with away, down.
a900tr. Bæda's Hist. i. i. (1890) 28 Þær næniᵹ mann for wintres cyle on sumera heᵹ ne maweþ. 1297R. Glouc. (Rolls) 5253 Þe gode kniȝtes leye adoun as gras þat me doþ mowe. 14..Child. Jesus 26 in Horstm. Altengl. Leg. (1878) 111 Þen men hyre corne repyd & mew. c1462–3Pol. Poems (Rolls) II. 269 Withe wedys, whiche must be mowen doune playne. c1482in Cal. Proc. Chanc. Q. Eliz. (1830) II. Pref. 69 Alianore..mewe down his corn growyng grene on the felde. 1530Palsgr. 641/1, I mowe with a sythe, je fauche. Wyll you mowe this corne or shere it? 1607Shakes. Cor. i. iii. 39 Like to a Haruest man, that task'd to mowe Or all, or loose his hyre. 1660F. Brooke tr. Le Blanc's Trav. 371 They mowed green corn, to give the blades to horses. 1668Dryden Even. Love i. ii, Our love here is like our grass, if it be not mowed quickly 'tis burnt up. 1711Swift Jrnl. to Stella 13 May, The hay of our town is almost fit to be mowed. 1847Marryat Childr. N. Forest v, It was time to mow down grass to make into hay for the winter. 1875Encycl. Brit. I. 323/1 It can..be kept going sixteen hours a day, and will easily mow from 16 to 18 acres of seeds or meadow in that time. b. In figurative context. Now rare. † Formerly used (instead of reap) antithetically with sow.
c1250Prov. ælfred 83 in O.E. Misc. 106 Hwych so þe mon soweþ Al swuch he schal mowe. 1390Gower Conf. I. 239 For Supplant with his slyhe cast Fulofte happneth for-to mowe Thing which an other man hath sowe. 1549Coverdale, etc. Erasm. Par. Gal. 20 Suche seede as euery man soweth, suche shal he mowe. 1628Wither Brit. Rememb. iii. 67 And I mow Oft times with mirth, what I in teares did sow. 1690W. Walker Idiomat. Anglo-Lat. 305 What you sow so that you must mow. c. transf. and fig. To cut (off, down, etc.) with a sweeping stroke like that of a scythe; to destroy or kill indiscriminately or in great numbers. Now rare exc. with down, in reference to slaughter in battle by cannon-shot or fusillade.
c1430Pilgr. Lyf Manhode ii. cl. (1869) 135 It is thilke that moweth the lyfe and the gost out of the bodi. 1513Douglas æneis x. ix. 10 Than, as wod lyoun, ruschyt he in the fycht, And all quham he arekis nerrest hand Without reskew dovn mawis with his brand. 1593Shakes. 3 Hen. VI, v. vii. 4 What valiant Foe-men, like to Autumnes Corne, Haue we mow'd downe in tops of all their pride? 1609B. Jonson Sil. Wom. iv. v, Hee has got some-bodies old two⁓hand-sword, to mow you off at the knees. 1625Bacon Ess., Seditions (Arb.) 405 The Population of a Kingdome (especially if it be not mowen downe by warrs). 1697Dryden æneid x. 775 He..Mows off his Head. 1720Pope Iliad xx. 406 'Tis not in me, tho' favour'd by the Sky, To mow whole Troops, and make whole Armies fly. 1836Alison Hist. Europe (1849–50) VII. xlii. §38. 120 The Imperial had seen 500 of its bravest sailors mowed down by the irresistible fire of the English vessels. 1884Manch. Exam. 21 Mar. 5/1 The rifle mowed them down as they approached till not more than a score lived to reach the lines. 2. a. To cut down the produce of (a field, etc.) with a scythe or (in recent use) with a mowing machine. In early use always with the etymologically related mead, meadow, as cognate object.
c893K. ælfred Oros. ii. viii. §2 Ᵹelice & mon mæd mawe. c1205Lay. 1942 Cornes heo seowen medewen heo meowen. c1425[see mastery 3 b]. 1523Fitzherb. Husb. §25 Whan thy medowes be mowed, they [etc.]. a1550Treat. Galaunt 145 in Hazl. E.P.P. III. 157 The florysshynge mede of our welth we haue begon to mawe. 1604Dekker Honest Wh. Wks. 1873 II. 103 Are not the fields mowen and cut downe? 1664Evelyn Kal. Hort. Apr. 65 Mow Carpet-walks. 1788Burns Bonie Moor-Hen i, The heather was blooming, the meadows were mawn. 1871R. Ellis Catullus lxiv. 354 As some labourer..Under a flaming sun, mows fields ripe-yellow in harvest. 1900E. Glyn Visits Eliz. (1906) 65 He looks as quiet and respectable as the pony that mows the lawn. † fig.1711in 10th Rep. Hist. MSS. Comm. App. v. 153 The Irish foot..were moweing the field of honour. b. transf. in jocular use: To shave.
1650Bulwer Anthropomet. Pref., Here the luxuriant Chin quite down is mown. 1719D'Urfey Pills I. 229 My Holiday Cloaths on, and face newly Mow'd. 1833J. Holland Manuf. Metal II. 27 ‘So’, said one of the metropolitan journalists, ‘we may one day mow our beards with a relic of old London Bridge’. a1839Praed Poems (1864) II. 99 He..mows his beard en militaire. 3. absol. a. To cut down grass, corn, etc., with a scythe, or (in recent use) with a mowing machine.
a1100Gerefa in Anglia (1886) IX. 261 In Agusto and Septembri and Octobri mawan. 1340Ayenb. 214 Huo þanne ssolde erye and zawe ripe and mawe. 1523Fitzherb. Husb. §22 In the later ende of Iune is tyme to begyn to mowe. 1605Bacon Adv. Learn. i. viii. §2 Like an ill Mower, that mowes on still, and neuer whets his Syth. 1711Swift Jrnl. to Stella 19 May, About our town we are mowing already and making hay. 1772C. Robinson Let. to J. Grimston 19 July in Grimston Papers, My mowers the other day mew over a partridge nest with sixteen eggs. 1785Burns Death & Dr. Hornbook viii, Friend! hae ye been mawin, When ither folk are busy sawin? 1863A. H. Charteris Jas. Robertson iii. 48 Saying, he was going to mow. b. in figurative context. (Cf. 1 b.)
c1175Lamb. Hom. 131 Þe ðe saweð on blescunge he scal mawen of blescunge. c1200Trin. Coll. Hom. 147 Hie hiden wepende and sewende, and shule cumen mid blisse and mowen. 1633Bp. Hall Occas. Medit. (1851) 144 He, therefore, that spends his whole time in recreation, is ever whetting, never mowing. 1655Waller Panegyric to Ld. Protector 63 Ours is the Harvest where the Indians mowe. c. transf. To sweep down men in battle. Hence trans. with cognate obj., to make (one's way, a passage) by ‘mowing’.
c1300Havelok 1852 But thanne bigan he for to mowe With the barre, and let hem shewe, Hw he cowthe sore smite. 1678Dryden All for Love i. i, Mow 'em out a Passage, And, entring where the foremost Squadrons yield, Begin the noble Harvest of the Field. 1757Gray Bard 86 Long years of havock..thro' the kindred squadrons mow their way. d. Cricket. To make a sweeping stroke to leg as if mowing the grass with a scythe. Also trans.
1844Bradford Observer 8 Aug., Holmes cleverly mowed the ball from the off stump to the leg side. 1868J. Lillywhite Cricketers' Compan. 81 H. M. Mills..might score well if he did not think it necessary to mow at straight long-hops. 1925D. J. Knight in Country Life 15 Aug. 245/1 Supposing there is a deep square-leg, it is better..to kneel down on your right knee and mow or drag the ball round in the direction of long-leg. 4. Combs. containing the verb stem, as mow-land U.S., land where grass is grown for mowing; mow-lot, a plot of this land.
1845S. Judd Margaret ii. i. 214 She saw..women..raking and turning hay among alders and willows that yet flourished in their best mow-lands. 1874Rep. Vermont Board Agric. II. 411 The breeding of wrinkled sheep is like a farmer who ridges up his level mow-land and seeds the ridges with an inferior grass.
1845S. Judd Margaret ii. viii. 325, I kept him here in the mow-lot. ▪ VIII. mow, v.2 Now dial. (see E.D.D.).|maʊ| Also 4, 7 mowe, 5 moweye, mughe, 7 mough, moow. [f. mow n.1] trans. To put in mows. Also with up.
1393Langl. P. Pl. C. vi. 14 (MS. Vespasian B. xvi.) Canst þow..Mowe oþer mouwen [MS. Phillipps 8231 mowen, MS. Camb. Univ. Libr. muwe] oþer make bond for sheues. 14..Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 565/17 Archonizo, to moweye. 1483Cath. Angl. 245/2 To mughe hay, archoniare, archonizere. 1609Holland Amm. Marcell. xxiii. ii. 220 In this maner in those countries such kinds of farage are mowed up. 1620Markham Farew. Husb. xii. 80 How to Stacke or Moow your Corne without the dores. 1764Museum Rust. II. xxxiii. 107 Let them be thrown promiscuously into the bay of the barn, and not regularly mowed. ▪ IX. mow, v.3|maʊ, məʊ| Also 5–6, 9 mowe, 6 moo, mowgh, 7, 9 moe. [f. mow n.2] 1. intr. To make mouths or grimaces.
c1430Lydg. Min. Poems (Percy Soc.) 255 To skoffe and mowe lyk a wantoun ape. 1522World & Child (Roxb.) A iij, I can mowe on a man And make a lesynge well I can. 1589R. Harvey Pl. Perc. (1590) 11 He spide a Iacke an apes, in a gaie cote, sit mooing on a Marchants bulke. 1610Shakes. Temp. ii. ii. 9 Sometime like Apes, that moe and chatter at me, And after bite me. 1647Trapp Comm. Heb. xi. 36 So they mowed at David. mocked at Isaiah..jeared our Saviour. 1748Smollett Rod. Rand. lviii, A noise like that of a baboon when he mows and chatters. 1819Shelley Peter Bell 3rd vi. xx, With Flibbertigibbet, imp of pride, Mocking and mowing by his side. 1855J. H. Newman Callista (1890) 264 An animal of some wonderful species..proceeded to creep and crawl, moeing and twisting as it went. 1884W. C. Smith Kildrostan 45 Every streak of mist..Pointed and mowed and mocked and laughed at him. †2. Sc. a. intr. To jest. b. trans. To deride, mock. Obs.
1456Sir G. Haye Law Arms (S.T.S.) 208 He did bot scornyt the merchand, and mowit the lettres of the kingis. 1529Lyndesay Compl. 246 Quod the thrid man; thow dois bot mow. 1596Dalrymple tr. Leslie's Hist. Scot. (S.T.S.) v. 268 The king mowit verie oft with him. ▪ X. † mow, v.4 Also 7 mowe. [Echoic.] = moo v.
1603Holland Plutarch's Mor. 4 Brute and wilde beasts, which hardly are parted from their companie,..but still they lowe and mowe after them. 1641J. Jackson True Evang. T. ii. 112 S. Luke..an Oxe indeed,..that he did mow and low the Gospel abroad over all the world. Hence ˈmowing vbl. n. Also ˈmower, a cow.
1556Withals Dict. (1568) 16 a/1 The mowynge or lowynge of beastes, mugitus. 1578Best in Hakluyt's Voy. (1600) III. 63 Making great noise, with cries like the mowing of Buls. a1700B. E. Dict. Cant. Crew, Mower, a Cow. ▪ XI. mow obs. form of may v.1 ▪ XII. mow var. mou. |