| 释义 |
▪ I. mug, n.1|mʌg|
Also 6 mugge, 7–8 mugg.
[Of unknown origin: cogn. w. LG. mokke, mukke mug, Norw. mugga, mugge ‘an open can or jug, esp. for warm drinks’ (Aasen), Sw. mugg mug, Norm. dial. moque cup, Guernsey mogue.]
1. In some northern dialects: Any (large) earthenware vessel or bowl; also, a pot, jug, or ewer. pan-mug: see pan n. 12 b.
1570Levins Manip. 184/24 A Mugge, potte, ollula. a1585Polwart Flyting w. Montgomerie 763 Lowsie lugs, leape jugs! toome the mugs on the midding. 1902M. Barnes-Grundy Thames Camp 176 A large, stone bread-mug.
2. A drinking-vessel, usually cylindrical, with or without a handle.
A silver mug is a common christening gift to a child.
1664Cotton Scarron. i. 107 Dido..takes a Mug, that held two Quarts,..And thus begins, Here Sirs, here's to you. 1688Lond. Gaz. No. 2316/4 A Mug,..a set of Casters, and an Orange-Strainer, all of Silver. 1762–71H. Walpole Vertue's Anecd. Paint. (1786) V. 94 Mr. Place discovered..a method of making porcelaine,..of which manufacture he gave Thoresby a fine mug. 1844Dickens Chimes i. (1845) 5 They had had their Godfathers and Godmothers, these Bells..and had had their silver mugs no doubt, besides. 1846D. Jerrold Mrs. Caudle's Curt. Lect. xiii, Then there's my china mug. 1880R. Broughton Sec. Th. iii. viii, From the time when he held her at the font, and gave her a mug and a rattle, he has always called his betrothed Sophia. 1886J. K. Jerome Idle Thoughts (1889) 142 Life tastes much the same, whether we quaff it from a golden goblet or drink it out of a stone mug.
b. A mug with its contents; the liquid in a mug.
1682Dryden Mac Fl. 121 A mighty mug of potent ale. 1739Joe Miller's Jests No. 133, I say, bring this Fellow a Mugg of Strong Beer. 1840Dickens Old C. Shop i, Kit carried a large slice of bread and meat, and a mug of ale. 1903Contemp. Rev. May 644 Twenty to thirty good sized mugs of malt liquor in an evening is by no means out of the way at academical gatherings.
3. A cooling drink.
1829Sporting Mag. XXIII. 268 The refreshing but dangerous liquor..known by the appellation of ‘mug’. 1865Indian Dom. Econ. (ed. 6) 325 Cool Tankard or Mug.
4. Comb.: mug-hunter U.S. colloq. = pothunter 3; mugware dial., earthenware.
1883Harper's Mag. Aug. 443/2 To the..mug-hunters [at yacht-races] it meant all three. 1900Daily News 9 Oct. 3/1 The old brown mugware settling pans have also passed into the limbo of a now almost forgotten age.
▪ II. mug, n.2 dial.|mʌg|
Also mugg.
In full mug sheep: A breed of sheep having the face completely covered with wool. So mug ewe, mug lamb, etc.
In some glossaries explained as a ‘pollard’ or ‘hornless’ sheep; this may have been the original sense: cf. mugged a.
1596in Archæologia XLVIII. 152 Item weather mugges xxviij. Item mugge lambes vjxxix. 1621R. Brathwait Nat. Embassie, etc. (1877) 204 For good mug-sheepe and cattell..none could come neare thee. 1793Statist. Acc. Scot. VI. 25 The sheep are of the English mugg kind. 1820Scott Monast. Introd. Ep., A wig like the curled back of a mug-ewe. 1879J. Lucas in Zoologist Sept. 356 They are all Scotch ewes for breeding, and first-rate Leicester tups, called in the dale [Nidderdale] ‘mugs’.
▪ III. mug, n.3 slang.|mʌg|
[Perh. a use of mug n.1; drinking mugs made to represent a grotesque human face were common in the 18th c.]
1. a. The face.
1708Brit. Apollo No. 2. 2/2 My Lawyer has a Desk, nine Law-books without Covers, two with Covers, a Temple-Mug, and the hopes of being a Judge. 1812J. H. Vaux Flash Dict., Mug, the face; a queer mug is an ugly face. 1824Egan Boxiana II. 412 His mug was often disfigured with the claret trickling down. 1850E. FitzGerald Lett. (1889) I. 200, I found A. Tennyson in chambers at Lincoln's Inn: and recreated myself with a sight of his fine old mug. 1897G. Meredith Amazing Marr. I. xvi. 186 Look at old Rufus Abrane. I see the state of the fight on the old fellow's mug. He hasn't a bet left in him!
b. A portrait or photograph of a person, esp. in police records.
1887Lantern (New Orleans) 9 July 2/2 He had his mug taken in fireman's clothes. 1889Clarkson & Richardson Police! xxiii. 323 Circulating thieves' photos... Pushing the mugs round. 1940R. Chandler Farewell my Lovely vi. 43 Nulty turned over a photo..and handed it to me. It was a police mug, front and profile.
2. The mouth.
1820J. H. Reynolds Fancy (1906) 22 Speak, Mrs. Tims; open thy mug, my dear; Mouths here are made to speak, and not to eat. 1835Haliburton Clockm. Ser. i. xx. (1837) 202 Hold your mug, you old nigger.
3. The act of throttling or strangling a person; usu. in phr. to put the mug on (someone).
1862Sessions Papers Cent. Criminal Court 26 Nov. 41 Roberts..said, ‘You want me for putting the mug on, do you? I will put the b—y mug on you.’ Ibid., Mug is slang used by thieves; it means garotting. 1940Amer. Speech XV. 121/1 To put the mug on (a mark), to put a stranglehold on a mark who grows obstreperous after he has been fleeced. 1955Publ. Amer. Dial. Soc. xxiv. 171 A strangle hold is applied... This hold is called..a mug on the East Coast.
4. attrib. and Comb., as mug book U.S., (a) (see quot. 1935); (b) a book kept by the police containing photographs of criminals; mugfaker, a street photographer; mug shot orig. U.S. = sense 1 b above.
1935A. J. Pollock Underworld Speaks 78/2 Mug book, a book published for prominent business and professional men who are induced by high pressure solicitors to vividly write about themselves with youthful photographs. They pay well for this blue book privilege. 1958J. & W. Hawkins Death Watch (1959) i. 19, I couldn't find him in the mug books; his picture isn't there.
1933‘G. Orwell’ Down & Out xxxii. 236 A mugfaker—a street photographer. 1952M. Allingham Tiger in Smoke i. 16 These old photographers—mugfakers we call'em—in the street.
1950in Wentworth & Flexner Dict. Amer. Slang (1960) 349/1 Police passed around a mug shot of Willie. 1962K. Orvis Damned & Destroyed xxvii. 200 The police record plate number..indicates that mug-shot was taken in the Receiving Room. 1970R. Jeffries Dead Man's Bluff vii. 66 Check through the mug shots and see if you can find him. 1974Daily Tel. 14 Nov 2/2 From the mass of information collected, a picture is built up of the personalities in the IRA's command structure, and this is then used in the ‘mugshot’ booklets carried by soldiers on the streets.
▪ IV. mug, n.4 dial. (E.Angl., Shropsh., etc.)|mʌg|
[cogn. w. mug v.1; cf. ON. mugga mist, drizzle (perh. the source).]
‘A fog or mist; a slight rain or drizzle; a damp, dull, gloomy state of the atmosphere’ (E.D.D.).
1775Ash, Mug (a cant word), a mist, a fog.
▪ V. mug, n.5|mʌg|
1. a. A stupid or incompetent person, a ‘muff’, ‘duffer’; a fool, simpleton; a card-sharper's dupe. slang.
1859Matsell Voc. (Farmer). 1861Mayhew Lond. Labour III. 193 We sometimes have a greenhorn wants to go out pitching with us—a mug, we calls them. 1894Maskelyne Sharps & Flats 170 It does not need much persuasion to induce the ‘mug’ to take the bank. 1900E. Glyn Visits Elizabeth (1906) 91 He fished out a scrap of paper from his pocket and pressed it into my hand, and said, ‘Don't be a mug this time’.
b. mug's game, a thankless task; a useless, foolish, or unprofitable activity. colloq.
1910Belloc Pongo xv. 233 One cannot arrest millionaires with impunity... Even in a wild democracy to arrest them is Mug's game. 1918Flying 12 June 427/2 Flying's a mug's game, mater, A fact I know full well. 1930G. B. Shaw Apple Cart ii. 77, I am going out of politics. Politics is a mug's game. 1959T. S. Eliot Elder Statesman i. 26 Forgery, I can tell you, is a mug's game. I say that―with conviction. 1973Times 9 Nov. 21/2 Running a reserve currency is a mug's game; and the world is running out of mugs.
c. A person, fellow, chap; spec. (a) a rough or ugly person; a criminal; (b) applied by criminals to someone who is not part of the underworld; (c) a policeman. slang.
1890in Barrère & Leland Dict. Slang II. 73 ‘What are mugs?’ ‘Hard characters... Those are thieves from the First Ward, the fellows that rob immigrants, steal cotton from the bales,’ [etc.]. 1895E. W. Townsend Chimmie Fadden Explains 15 Dat Mr. Paul is de funniest mug you ever see. Ibid. 17 De mug what plays de flute has de music all t'himself when de odder mugs in de orchestra don't do nottin. 1903H. Hapgood Autobiogr. Thief (1904) xii. 267 I'm only stealin' for certain mugs (policemen) and fer those 'igher up, so they can buy real estate. 1921[see gee n.4]. 1930[see jitter n. 1]. 1938F. D. Sharpe Sharpe of Flying Squad i. 13 Underworld men and women speak of all outside their world as ‘mugs’. 1960Observer 24 Jan. 5/2 There were recognised prop-men or putters up of jobs, what the mugs called master minds.
2. a. Comb.: mug-hunter (see quot.).
1887J. W. Horsley Jottings fr. Jail 95 An old mug-hunter, one, that is to say, of the wretched horde who haunt the street at midnight to rob drunken men.
b. attrib., passing into adj., that is a ‘mug’ or fool; stupid; easily duped or defeated.
1922E. Wallace Flying Fifty-Five xxxiii. 197 The mug punter was he who dreamed of long-priced winners and refused to bet on the six to four certainty preferring rather the hopeless proposition that started at twenty to one. 1963T. Tullett Inside Interpol xvi. 216 There are still thousands of ‘mug’ criminals..who invariably make mistakes. 1971Sunday Australian 8 Aug. 5/6 Let's just say I'm a good average mug golfer.
Add:[2.] b. Freq. as mug punter (see punter n.1 2).
1922E. Wallace Flying Fifty-Five xxxiii. 197 The mug punter was he who dreamed of long-priced winners and refused to bet on the six to four certainty. 1985L. Griffiths Arthur Daley's Guide to doing it Right 98, I despise mug punters, the kind of people who bet on every race.
▪ VI. mug, n.6 slang.|mʌg|
[f. mug v.5]
1. An examination.
1853Maxwell in L. Campbell Life (1882) 191, I was down after the Mug [note, Trinity College Examination] with Tayler's uncle in Suffolk.
2. One who ‘mugs’ or reads hard.
1888Berkshire Gloss., Mug, as a schoolboy's expression to work hard, and one who does so is somewhat contemptuously termed ‘a mug’ by others who [etc.]. 1901Daily News 6 Feb. 9/5 At the University of Oxford a ‘mug’ is a person who is not given to sport, or any indulgence, but who reads a great many books which he doesn't understand.
▪ VII. mug, n.7|muːg|
Also moog.
Var. of mung2, moong.
1840Penny Cycl. XVIII. 57/2 Phaseolus Mungo, or Moog, is one of the dry leguminous grains of India. 1876Sir W. W. Hunter in Encycl. Brit. IV. 23/1 Of the pulses the most important are gram (Cicer arietinum), túr.., kulti.., and mug (Phaseolus Mungo).
▪ VIII. mug, v.1 dial. (see E.D.D.).|mʌg|
[Prob. of Scandinavian origin: cf. Norw. mugga to drizzle. Cf. mug n.4]
intr. To drizzle or rain slightly.
13..Gaw. & Gr. Knt. 2080 Þe heuen was vp halt, bot vgly þer vnder, Mist muged on þe mor, malt on þe mountez. 1825–80Jamieson, To Mug, Muggle, v.n. To drizzle. Aberd.
▪ IX. mug, v.2 slang and dial.|mʌg|
Also mogg.
[? An application of mug v.1]
intr. ‘To pout, grow sullen; to mope; to refuse food’ (E.D.D.).
c1730Haynes MS. Dorset. Voc. in N. & Q. 6th Ser. (1883) VIII. 45 To mogg, pout or grow sullen. 17..Collins' Misc. (1762) 122 (Halliwell) Wit hung her blob, ev'n Humour seem'd to mourn, And sullenly sat mogging o'er his urn. 1828Sporting Mag. XXIII. 28 Snoozing and mugging over the fire after a hard day's work. 1861Holland Less. Life xx. 283 By ‘mugging’ over your trouble out of business hours.
▪ X. mug, v.3|mʌg|
[f. mug n.3]
1. Theatr. slang.
a. intr. To ‘make a face’; to grimace.
b. to mug up: to paint (one's face); to make up. trans. and intr. for refl.
1855Dickens Dorrit i. xx, The low comedian had ‘mugged’ at him in his richest manner fifty nights for a wager. 1859Hotten's Slang Dict., Mug-up, to paint one's face. Theat. 1861Mayhew Lond. Labour III. 193 Then he underwent the operation of mugging him up with oil-colour paint, black, and..red. 1869W. S. Gilbert Bab Ball., Rev. Micah Sowls 54 He saw a dreary person on the stage, Who mouthed and mugged in simulated rage.
2. orig. Pugilism. trans.
a. To strike in the face; also, to fight, beat up, assault; to strangle; occas. intr., to fight. slang.
b. (Now the prevailing sense). To attack and rob (a person). Now colloq. Cf. mugging vbl. n. 1.
1818Sporting Mag. II. 279 The latter got away, and in return mugged him. 1846Swell's Night Guide 37 Most of them can..mug..alias fight. Ibid. 76 She felt inclined to mug her rival, only she thought it would be no bottle. 1859Hotten Dict. Slang 65 Mug, to fight, or chastise. 1864Ibid. 183 Mug,..to rob by the garrote. 1866London Misc. 5 May 102 Suppose they had mugged you?.. Slogged you, you know. 1904‘No. 1500’ Life in Sing Sing 250/2 Mug,..to strangle. 1948N.Y. Times 15 Aug. 36 The police said the victims were mugged in the hallways of their homes. 1960I. Wallach Absence of Cello 23 She's going into Central Park for her constitutional. I hope she gets mugged. 1966Wodehouse Plum Pie vii. 166 Somebody mugged Sam last night... Yessir, laid him out cold. 1968A. Diment Bang Bang Birds iii. 28 In New York..people conversed about their friends being beaten up and robbed—mugged is the local term. 1971B. Malamud Tenants 198 Lesser..daily fears that..the writer will be mugged on the subway stairs and lie there unable to crawl home. 1972Daily Tel. 7 Oct. 2/6 Judge Hines, Q.C., jailed three youths for three years for ‘mugging’ a middle-aged man and stealing {pstlg}7 from his wallet.
3. To take a photograph of (a person), esp. for police records. U.S. slang.
1899‘J. Flynt’ Tramping with Tramps iv. 395 Mug,..to photograph. 1912[see mugging vbl. n. 2]. 1929M. A. Gill Underworld Slang, Mugged, photographed. 1934Sun (Baltimore) 5 July 13/6 Attempts of Federal authorities to ‘mug’ him proved futile. When Robert C. Johnson..prepared to snap a picture of the prisoner, Kent held his hands before his face. 1960Wall St. Jrnl. 3 Nov. 2 More than 15,000 New Jersey securities salesmen are being fingerprinted and ‘mugged’ at police stations and private detective agencies over the state, under a new state law. 1972G. V. Higgins Friends of Eddie Coyle xix. 115 We brought him up to the marshal's office and mugged him and printed him.
4. To kiss, to fondle. slang (chiefly Austral. and N.Z.).
1916C. J. Dennis Songs Sentimental Bloke 126 Mug, to, to kiss. 1932Amer. Speech VII. 334 Mug, to kiss. 1957I. Cross God Boy (1958) x. 80 You think there is something funny about them mugging up each other like that?
▪ XI. mug, v.4 slang and dial.|mʌg|
[f. mug n.1]
trans. To bribe with liquor; to supply with beer or liquor; to buy a drink for (someone). Also refl. and intr. to get drunk (see E.D.D.).
1830H. Ingelo Remin. II. 479 Having..mugged, as we say in England, our pilot. 1854A. E. Baker Gloss. Northamptonshire Words II. 38 Come! mug the girls, and they'll get on with their work. 1939Daily Mirror 14 Mar., Are you going to ‘mug’ us... Are you going to stand me a drink? 1966P. Moloney Plea for Mersey 23 If ye say to them ‘scouse, Mug us dem on de house,’ Yerl make Birty and Girty all shirty. 1966F. Shaw et al. Lern Yerself Scouse 42 Ile mug yer, allow me to treat you. Ibid. 77 Many's the fella dat I use'ter mug.
▪ XII. mug, v.5 slang.
1. intr. To read or study hard, to ‘grind’. Const. at; also with away, on, up.
1848Maxwell in L. Campbell Life (1882) 117 Please to write about your Prizes at College, and about coming here to mug. 1860Hotten's Slang Dict. (ed. 2), Mug-up... To ‘cram’ for an examination.—Army. 1878About Some Fellows vii. 45 Stortford, ever since he had settled to work, had..been patiently mugging on at his verses, and had got twelve done. 1893G. Allen Scallywag I. 241 That prize essay you were mugging away at.
2. trans. To get up (a subject) by hard study. Also with up.
1882Besant Revolt of Man v. 111 When they ought to have been ‘mugging bones’, or drawing contracts, or reading theology. 1889G. Allen Tents of Shem xxiv, I've mugged it all up out of books, that's all. Anybody can mug it all up if he'll only take the pains.
Hence ˈmugging vbl. n., hard studying, ‘swotting’. Usu. with up.
1959I. & P. Opie Lore & Lang. Schoolch. x. 179 ‘Swotting’ or ‘mugging up’ is only considered good form if a person is on the point of taking an exam. 1959Daily Tel. 10 June 10/2 But no one..after yesterday's inauguration of the new electric services from London to the Kent Coast is going to mind mugging up any number of amended arrival and departure times. 1960Guardian 15 July 6/6 Hasty muggings-up and regurgitations of fact.
▪ XIII. mug, v.6 slang.
intr. ‘To crowd, huddle together in a confined space’ (E.D.D.).
1878N. & Q. 5th Ser. IX. 84/2 They are all, father, mother, and children, mugging together in one room.
▪ XIV. mug, v.7 slang (chiefly Canad. and Naut.).|mʌg|
intr. to mug up: to make a plentiful meal. Also, to have a snack, a meal, or a hot drink.
1897Kipling Captain's Courageous v. 123 No reg'lar meals fer no one then. 'Mug-up when ye're hungry, an' sleep when ye can't keep awake. Ibid. ix. 202 Him an' my boy hookin' fried pies an' muggin' up when they ought to ha' been asleep. 1901Scribner's Mag. XXIX. 498/2 Let Martin and me mug up and get over near the fire to dry out, and we'll have it again. 1917‘Bartimeus’ Long Trick iv. 78 Coats and mufflers were donned and a bottle of sloe-gin uncorked. ‘Mug-up!’ cried the Sub. ‘Mug-up, and let's get 'appy and chatty.’ 1927G. Bradford Gloss. Sea Terms 117/1 Mug up, to have a drink of coffee or tea which is always on the galley stove of a fishing schooner. 1929F. C. Bowen Sea Slang 93 Mug up, to, to eat, used principally in the Grand Banks schooners. 1936A. Stringer Wife Traders xv. 214 They fell into the habit of stopping more often to ‘mug up’ along the trail. 1950J. Hambleton Abitibi Adventure 94 René was just ‘mugging up’ when the shaggy terrier..sent the blackened tea pail flying. 1972L. Hancock There's a Seal in my Sleeping Bag v. 84 We..mugged up on boiled eggs, toast, jam, and coffee. |