| 释义 |
‖ musica|ˈmjuːzɪkə|
[L., = music.]
Used in special collocations to designate different kinds of music or musical techniques, as musica ficta, in contrapuntal music of the 10th to 16th centuries, the introduction by the singer of conventional chromatically altered tones to avoid unacceptable intervals; musica figurata, (a) contrapuntal music in which the different melodic strands move more or less independently; (b) plainsong with decorated melody; musica plana = cantus firmus; plainsong; musica reservata (see quot. 1972).
1740J. Grassineau Musical Dict. 154 Musica Figuralis, Figurata, or Colorata, figurate music, wherein the notes are of different values, and the motions various, now slow then quick. 1801T. Busby Dict. Music, Musica ficta,..the name given by Franchinus and other musical writers, to the first deviations from the old ecclesiastical modes. 1886W. S. Rockstro Hist. Mus. 482 The Rules of..Musica ficta..enable us to supply, with certainty, the accidental Sharps and Flats, which the older writers omitted. 1940G. Reese Music in Middle Ages (1941) v. 121 Not until the 13th century did musica plana etc. come to connote music in free rhythm as distinguished from measured music, as do the English words ‘plainsong’ and ‘plainchant’. 1944W. Apel Harvard Dict. Mus. 467/2 Musica reservata denotes the Renaissance-like clarity, balance, and expressiveness, the full-blooded humanism of the Josquin period, in contrast to the abstract and mysterious transcendentalism of the earlier masters. 1954A. Hughes in New Oxf. Hist. Music II. xi. 370 The position which called for such a system as musica ficta is as simple as the processes of its working out are complex. It is the problem of the tritone. 1954G. Reese Music in Renaissance ix. 512 The expression ‘musica reservata’ has become one of the problems of music history. 1963R. Donington Interpretation of Early Music iv. 67 D minor, which we notate with a signature of one flat, grew out of the Dorian mode when its leading note, C, became habitually sharpened by the workings of musica ficta. 1968Listener 23 May 676/2 His [sc. Palestrina's] Mass saves music, convinces the Pope that a regression to musica plana, plainsong, at the indiscriminate expense of musica figurata (the later, florid polyphonic style of the early Flemish composers) would be wrong—wrong metaphysically. 1972Composer & Conductor Aug. 1/1 ‘Musica reservata’..lends itself to diametrically opposite definitions. Some musicologists describe it as music made suitable for popular use, while others regard ‘musica reservata’ as literally ‘reserved for connoisseurs’. |