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naphtha|ˈnæfθə, ˈnæpθə|
Forms: 6 napta, 7 neptha, nephta, 6–7, 9 naphta, (9 nafta), 6– naptha, naphtha. See also naphthe and nefte.
[a. L. naphtha, a. Gr. νάϕθα (also νάϕθας), possibly of Oriental origin (but Arab. and Pers. nafṭ is prob. from Greek); hence also It. and Sp. nafta, Pg. naphta, F. naphte.]
a. A name originally applied to an inflammable volatile liquid (a constituent of asphalt and bitumen) issuing from the earth in certain localities; now extended to most of the inflammable oils obtained by dry distillation of organic substances, esp. coal, shale, and petroleum.
1572J. Jones Bathes ii. 13 As plenty of Naphta gathered in the aforesaid place doth shewe. 1577Frampton Joyfull News 84 Fountaines..of Petroleo, of Napta, of Sulphur. 1605Daniel Queen's Arcadia ii. iv, Like Neptha that takes fire by sight of Fire. 1698Fryer Acc. E. India & P. 333 From about Thirty Mountains near the same place..springs the famous Naphtha. 1753Hanway Trav. (1762) I. iv. lvii. 264 There is also a white naptha on the peninsula of Apcheron, of a much thinner consistency. 1788Gibbon Decl. & F. lii. V. 402 The principal ingredient of the Greek fire was the naptha, or liquid bitumen. 1838T. Thomson Chem. Org. Bodies 719 Persian naphtha, as it is collected on the spot, is very nearly, but not quite colourless. 1876Harley Mat. Med. 99 Naphtha, whether obtained artificially or as a product of nature, is sometimes used medicinally.
fig.1847Emerson Poems, Dæmonic Love Wks. (Bohn) I. 460 Deep..loving eyes, Flowed with naphtha fiery sweet.
b. attrib. and Comb., as naphtha-fire, naphtha-fuel, naphtha-gas, naphtha-lamp, naphtha-ship, naphtha-spring, naphtha-vapour; naphtha-bearing adj.; naphtha-brown (see quot. 1874); naphtha engine (see quot.); naphtha launch, a launch powered by a naphtha engine.
1909Westm. Gaz. 2 Dec. 9/2 The leasing of certain areas of naphtha-bearing land contrary to existing regulations.
1874Crookes Hand-bk. Dyeing 208 The so-called naphtha-brown is merely the crude melt from the manufacture of magenta.
1892P. Benjamin Mod. Mechanism 270 Naphtha-engines, which utilize naphtha both as the fuel under the boiler and as the fluid to be vaporized in the boiler and used in the engine, have recently come into somewhat extensive employment as motors for light launches.
1831Carlyle Sart. Res. ii. v, Women, in whose placid veins circulates too little naphtha-fire.
1895Daily News 25 Apr. 7/2 The annual consumption of naphtha fuel in Russia.
1877Scribner's Monthly Nov. 3/1 It consists of a large reflector behind a common naphtha lamp and mounted upon the bow of the boat. 1899‘Q’ (Quiller Couch) Ship of Stars ii, Even the boy grew tired of the naphtha-lamps.
1887Forest & Stream 8 Dec. 395/3 The success which the naphtha launch has attained in a very short time must be taken as very strong proof of the inherent excellence of the machine itself. 1903Mobile (Alabama) Advertiser 2 Jan. 6/3 The big naphtha launch Stella arrived from up the Alabama river yesterday afternoon. 1923H. E. Williams Spinning Wheels & Homespun xv. 182 There have been times when..skimming away in little naptha [sic] launches..has seemed an enviable lot.
1888Daily News 28 Nov. 3/6 The Destruction of a Naphtha Ship.
1753Hanway Trav. (1762) I. iv. lvii. 264 Near this place..naptha-springs are found.
1825T. Thomson 1st Princ. Chem. I. 153 To take care that the whole of it is consumed, and that none escapes under the form of naphtha vapour. |