| 释义 |
Nazarene, a. and n.|næzəˈriːn|
Also 3–4 -en, 5 -yen.
[ad. L. Nazarēn-us, ad. Gr. ναζαρηνός (Mark i. 24), f. ναζαρέτ Nazareth.]
A. adj.
1. Of or belonging to Nazareth. rare.
c1275Passion our Lord 183 in O.E. Misc. 42 He to heom seyde, hwam ye seche here? Heo hym onswerede, ihesum nazaren. a1300Cursor M. 19622, I hatt iesus nazaren. 1855Browning Ep. Karshish 100 That he was dead and then restored to life By a Nazarene physician.
2. a. Belonging to the sect of the Nazarenes.
1689tr. Simon's Crit. Hist. N.T. 51 These Nazarene Sectaries. a1724J. Jones Meth. N.T. (1726) I. 387 Having never seen the Nazarene Gospel, for ought he knew, it might be the very same with that of the Ebionites. 1765A. Maclaine tr. Mosheim's Eccl. Hist. (1768) I. 174 note, He..alledges that the Ebionites had only made some small additions to the old Nazarene system.
b. Of or pertaining to, or characteristic of, the Church of the Nazarene (sense B. 3 b).
1910New Schaff-Herzog Encycl. Relig. Knowl. VIII. 453/2 As official organs of the church the Nazarene Messenger, Los Angeles, Cal.,..and the Holiness Evangel, Pilot Point, Tex., are recognized. 1958M. Argyle Relig. Behaviour iv. 33 Many of these sects—the Pentecostal, Holiness, Nazarene churches and others—have increased enormously in proportion to their size during this period [sc. 1926–1953]. 1968[see C.O. s.v. C III. 3]. 1968War Resistance II. xxiv. 26 The Nazarene Church is a plain building with simple furniture. Ibid. 28 Many do leave for USA, Canada or Australia where there are Nazarene Communities.
†3. (See quot.) Obs. rare—0.
1796Grose's Dict. Vulgar T. (ed. 3), Nazarene Foretop, the foretop of a wig made in imitation of Christ's head of hair, as represented by the painters and sculptors.
4. Of, pertaining to, or characteristic of the school of artists called Nazarenes. Cf. B. 4 below.
1950Chambers's Encycl. XIV. 380/1 In many respects Wackenroder was a forerunner of the Nazarene school of painters. 1952W. Gaunt Victorian Olympus i. 29 The master was found in the Nazarene painter, Jacob Eduard von Steinle. 1959Listener 29 Jan. 217/3 The Bayreuth Parsifal has escaped from the old-fashioned ‘Nazarene’ presentation only to fall into a kind of fashionable ‘grimness’. 1965Ibid. 9 Sept. 382/2 For a short time after settling in London in 1846, Brown painted in the Nazarene style. 1970T. Hilton Pre-Raphaelites i. 20 Wycliffe, with its light, flat tones and dispersed composition, looks very like a Nazarene painting.
B. n.
1. a. A native of Nazareth.
1611Bible Matt. ii. 23 He shalbe called a Nazarene. 1797Encycl. Brit. (ed. 3) XII. 781/1 We find no particular place in the prophets in which it is said that the Messiah should be called a Nazarene. 1881A. O'Shaughnessy Songs of Worker 11 Great folk no whit ashamed now to beseech That Nazarene to come and be their king.
b. A follower of Jesus of Nazareth; a Christian. (So called esp. by Jews and Muslims.)
1382Wyclif Acts xxiv. 5 Auctour of seducioun of the secte of Nazarens. 1481Caxton Godfrey lxxxv, 134 Thenne was establysshed that they shold be called crysten men of crist; ffor byfore they were called nazaryens. 1685Baxter Paraphr. N.T. Acts xxiv. 5 Calling the Christians Nazarenes in scorn. 1704J. Pitts Acc. Moham. iv. 24, I never saw a Nazarene (i.e. a Christian) before. 1813Byron Giaour xxxv, The very name of Nazarene Was wormwood to his Paynim spleen. 1889Huxley Sci. & Chr. Trad. (1895) 301 On the whole..the Nazarenes were but little troubled for the first twenty years of their existence.
2. pl. An early Jewish Christian sect, allied to the Ebionites.
1689tr. Simon's Crit. Hist. N.T. 51 Epiphanius..observes.., that these ancient Nazarenes..were descended from the Primitive Christians of the same Name. a1724J. Jones Meth. N.T. (1726) I. 385 The Nazarenes..differ'd only from the Jews, in that they profess'd the Name of Christ [etc.]. 1765A. Maclaine tr. Mosheim's Eccl. Hist. (1768) I. 173 This body of judaizing Christians..was afterwards divided into two sects..distinguished by the names of Nazarenes and Ebionites. 1840Penny Cycl. XVI. 125/1 The early fathers do not appear to have regarded the Nazarenes as heretics. 1876L. Stephen Eng. Th. 18th C. I. iii. ii. 103 The doctrine afterwards maintained by Priestley that the Jewish sects, the Nazarenes and Ebionites..were the genuine Christians.
3. a. A member of a sect of Christian reformers in Hungary.
1886W. J. Tucker E. Europe 155 No Nazarene may take up a weapon to attack his brother-man, not even in self-defence.
b. A member of the Church of the Nazarene, a Protestant sect formed at the beginning of the 20th cent.
1898P. F. Bresee in T. L. Smith Called unto Holiness (1962) v. 121 It is now somewhat more than two years since..the Nazarenes, putting the old things behind them, went out to follow in the footsteps of Him whose name they bear. 1962K. S. Latourette Christianity in Revolutionary Age V. i. 14 On the Pacific coast denominations of recent American origin loomed larger{ddd}the Four-Square Gospel, the Pentecostals, the Churches of God, and the Nazarenes. 1962T. L. Smith Called unto Holiness iv. 75 Men of the Green Mountain State have been significant leaders among New England Nazarenes. 1968War Resistance II. xxiv. 26 According to a report in the mid-20's there were 12–15,000 Nazarenes in Yugoslavia.
4. A name given to members of a group of German artists called the Brotherhood of St. Luke, founded in 1809, who aimed to restore to art the religious quality founded in mediæval painting; cf. Pre-Raphaelite n.; = Nazarite1 3. Sometimes in pl. Nazarener. Also transf., of a style of musical composition.
1889Armstrong & Graves Bryan's Dict. Painters & Engravers (rev. ed.) II. 460/1 Schadow..went..to Rome, and joined the ‘Nazarenes’. 1911Encycl. Brit. X. 375/1 The group of artists who styled themselves Nazarener. 1928E. Waugh Rossetti ii. 29 Nazarene, Florentine, and Crusader fused into one shadowy figure, glowing and distorted. 1942Archit. Rev. XCI. 29 (caption) There is nothing elegant in this interior except for the reredos by William Dyce, the ‘Nazarene’ amongst English Early-Victorian painters. 1947A. Einstein Mus. Romantic Era xii. 161 The ‘Nazarenes’ of church music were replaced by the ‘Caecilians’. Ibid., Nazarene-like church music. 1965Listener 9 Sept. 382/2 He..had come under various influences, including that of the Nazarenes,..a group of German artists who had founded a ‘pre’ Pre-Raphaelite movement..in the eighteen-tens. 1973Country Life 20 Sept. 779/2 One of his [sc. William Dyce's] Nazarene-type paintings. |