| 释义 |
necro-|nɛkrəʊ|
sometimes necr-, combining form of Gr. νεκρός dead body or person, occurring in various compounds either of Gr. origin, as necrolatry, necromancy, necropolis, or of more modern formation, as necrobiosis, necroscopy, etc. (see below); also necrobaciˈllosis (pl. -ˈoses) Path. [bacillus + -osis], any of several conditions in animals, esp. domestic animals, and occas. in humans, characterized by diffuse or localized necrotic lesions caused by the bacterium Sphærophorus necrophorus (also called Bacteroides funduliformis, etc.); necrodialoˈgistical a., consisting of dialogues of the dead (nonce-wd.); necroˈgenic a., arising from, produced by, contact with dead bodies; neˈcrogenous a., growing on dead or dying tissues or organs (Mayne 1856); necroˈmorphous a., of coleopterous pupæ, motionless like a dead body; necroˈphilia, neˈcrophily = necrophilism; hence necroˈphilic, necrophiˈlistic adjs.; ˈnecrophile, necroˈphiliac, neˈcrophilist ns., one who is morbidly attracted to corpses; also attrib. and fig.; neˈcrophilism, a morbid fancy for the dead, or for contact with dead bodies; neˈcrophilous a., (a) of fungi or beetles, living on dead substances or carrion; (b) of, pertaining to, or resembling necrophilism; also fig.; ˈnecrophobe, one who has a horror of death or of dead bodies; necroˈphobia, -ˈphoby, a horror of death or of dead bodies (Craig 1849); necroˈphobic a., of the nature of necrophobia (Mayne 1856); ˈnecrophore, a burying-beetle, one belonging to the genus Necrophorus; so neˈcrophorous a., belonging to this genus (Cent. Dict. 1890); necroˈtomic(al) a., of or pertaining to necrotomy (Mayne 1856); neˈcrotomist, a dissector of dead bodies (Craig 1849); neˈcrotomy, the dissection of dead bodies (ibid.); the excision of dead bone or tissue; ˈnecrotype, a type formerly existing in a region and now extinct; hence necroˈtypic a.
Necr(o)- is also used in a number of other scientific terms, as necræmia, necrencephalus, necronarcema, etc.: see Mayne Expos. Lex. and the Syd. Soc. Lex. Virginia Woolf preferred to Græcize to nekro-.
1907Ann. Rep. Bureau Animal Industry, U.S. Dept. Agric. 1905 18 The presence of only one of the morbid conditions noted may be the starting point of an enzootic outbreak of necrobacillosis. 1933R. A. Kelser Man. Vet. Bacteriol. (ed. 2) xxvii. 284 Actinomyces necrophorus is the etiological factor of a variety of ‘necrobacilloses’ among domestic animals. It is the cause of gangrenous dermatitis of equines, ‘foot-rot’ and ‘lip-and-leg’ ulceration of sheep. 1961M. Hynes Med. Bacteriol. (ed. 7) xii. 172 F[usiformis] necrophorus (Bacteroides funduliformis) causes calf diphtheria and other animal diseases. In man it is the cause of various infections grouped together as necrobacillosis.
1715M. Davies Athen. Brit. I. Pref. 23 Such Infernal Pamphlets were Lucian's Dialogues of old; and the Ingenious Mr. Brown's Parallels, of the same Necrodialogistical kind.
1899Allbutt's Syst. Med. VIII. 788 The sore putting on all the character of the ‘necrogenic wart’.
1892C. G. Chaddock tr. Krafft-Ebing's Psychopathia Sexualis iii. 67 Following the preceding horrible group of perversions..come naturally the necrophiles. 1895tr. Ferri's Crim. Sociol. 28 Again there are the necrophiles, like Sergeant Bertrand. 1932V. Woolf Let. to Young Poet 20 The large and highly respectable society of nekrophils..who..are even now intoning the sacred and comfortable words, Keats is dead, Shelley is dead, Byron is dead. 1937M. Hirschfeld Sexual Anomalies xxiii. 510 The mentally weak necrophile imagines that it is possible to inflict pain on the corpse. Ibid., The necrophile act is..a frenzied intensification of the aggressive and destructive impulse.
1892C. G. Chaddock tr. Krafft-Ebing's Psychopathia Sexualis iii. 68 The impulse to indulge in acts of necrophilia. 1926W. McDougall Outl. Abnormal Psychol. viii. 164 He [sc. Ferenczi] assumes that coprophilia and necrophilia are normal components of the sex instinct. 1946‘G. Orwell’ Crit. Ess. 122 [Dali's] most notable characteristic is his necrophilia. 1949J. Rodker tr. Bonaparte's Life & Works E. A. Poe i. xii. 45 The necrophilia of this poet whom death alone inspired, and who was to cast so terrible, though irresistible, a spell on mankind. 1967D. Pinner Ritual x. 105 He keeps corpses in here for amateur necrophilia.
195920th Cent. Dec. 426 In ghoulism the necrophiliac traffic is one way as it were. 1962John o' London's 14 June 583/3 Lazarus..is trotted out..presumably for the benefit of any necrophiliacs in the audience. 1969C. Allen Textbk. Psychosexual Disorders (ed. 2) xi. 256 Necrophiliacs are very rare, some are insane and inaccessible, and infrequently consult the psychiatrist. 1974Country Life 23 May 1269/1 The sadistic and even necrophiliac horrors of the Symbolists.
1926J. I. Suttie tr. Ferenczi's Further Contrib. Theory & Technique Psycho-Anal. 279 A necrophilic dream was due to anxiety in regard to coitus. 1940H. Ellis My Life ix. 373 She symbolised it [sc. this special problem].., making her hero..a fisherman with a kind of necrophilic attraction to corpses. 1955J. Strachey et al. tr. Freud's Compl. Psychol. Works X. 278 A necrophilic phantasy which he once had consciously.
1864Chambers's Encycl. VI. 695 The most extraordinary exhibition of necrophilism.
1932V. Woolf Let. to Young Poet 5, I replied after all these years to that elderly nekrophilist—Nonsense. 1949J. Rodker tr. Bonaparte's Life & Works E. A. Poe i. x. 37 The lost and always sought for mother with whom his [sc. Poe's] necrophilist soul forever longed to unite. 1950John o' London's 7 July 411/4 There they go, a grubby procession of blasphemers, perverts, lechers, necrophilists and drunkards.
1924C. Gray Survey Contemporary Mus. 185 The general public has taken to its great soft heart the necrophilistic ardours of the Valse Triste.
1932V. Woolf Let. to Young Poet 28, I, at any rate, refuse to be nekrophilus. 1956‘M. Innes’ Old Hall, New Hall i. v. 51, I don't think he was positively necrophilous. 1967G. Greene May we borrow your Husband? 12, I think she wants something more nubile and less necrophilous. 1971R. E. Witt Isis in Graeco-Roman World iii. 37 Horus, Harsiesis (‘Har, Son of Aset’), had been miraculously conceived by Isis in a necrophilous union. 1974Time 7 Jan. 60/2 Chilling psycho-biographies of Sadists Stalin and Himmler, and the necrophilous Adolf Hitler.
1897tr. T. Ribot's Psychol. of Emotions 257, I pass over the extreme cases, those of necrophily, or of sexual erethism. 1905H. Ellis Stud. Psychol. Sex iv. iii. 188 Necrophily, or sexual attraction for corpses,..may perhaps be regarded as a kind of perverted sadism. 1927Observer 8 May 6/4 His circumstances and his griefs, and his disease fostered his necrophily. 1932V. Woolf Let. to Young Poet 20 Nekrophily induces slumber. 1939T. S. Eliot Family Reunion i. ii. 62 Let your necrophily Feed upon that carcase. 1962Times 4 May 20/6 The phœnix rebirth of Toscanini's N.B.C. Orchestra which continued, after the maestro's death, to give Toscanini performances until it became plain to all that photographic reproduction from memory is..a variety of necrophily.
1973Necrophobe [see hypochondriac n. 1].
1833Dunglison Dict. Med. Sci. II. 72 Necrophobia... This symptom occurs in patients where the disease is not mortal; as in hypochondriasis. 1936R. Fleming News from Tartary v. i. 189 Since Greys hated anything dead, I gave the goose to her. But necrophobia was rife that morning. 1965New Statesman 30 Apr. 684 (heading) Necrophobia.
1898P. Manson Trop. Dis. xxvi. 421 Necrotomy for bone disease may sometimes have to be performed.
1883Gill in Smithsonian Rep. 460 It is quite improbable that any of the American Melaniiform mollusks are necrotypes of Africa. |