| 释义 |
reproof1|rɪˈpruːf|
Forms: α. 4 reproef, 4–5 reprof, 4–6 reprofe, 5–6 reproffe, 5–7 reproofe, (6 -proufe), 5– reproof; 4–6 reproue, (4 -pruve, 5 -prowe), 5–6 reprove; also 5–6 Sc. repruf(e, -pruff, (5 -prwfe, -prwe), 6 repruif. β. 4–5 repref, (5 -preff, -preffe), 4–6 reprefe, -preef, (6 -fe), 5–6 Sc. repreif(e, 6 reprief(e, -prife, reypriff; 4–6 repreue, -preve, 6 repreeve, -prieve, -prive.
[a. OF. reprove, -prouve (AF. also repreove), vbl. n. f. reprover to reprove. On the variation in the forms see proof n.]
†1. Shame, disgrace, ignominy or reproach, adhering or resulting to a person in consequence or by reason of some fact, event, conduct, etc. (Occas. with a and pl.) Obs.
α13..Seuyn Sag. (W.) 2871 Methink thou wirkis, to thi reproue, Onence thi son that thou sold loue. 1340Hampole Pr. Consc. 5555 Thurgh defaute of hym er þai In grete reprove. c1400Love Bonavent. Mirr. Life Xt. (B.N.C.) lf. 14 It is abhomynable þynge and a grete reproofe to a mayden..to be a grete iangelere. c1500Lancelot 1252 Madem, I wot that for to loue yone knycht,..It war to yow no maner of Reprwe. 1569Reg. Privy Council Scot. II. 56 Under the pane of repruif, infamy, and perjurie. 1590Shakes. Com. Err. v. i. 90 She did betray me to my owne reproofe. a1631Donne Serm. (1640) 360 If..thou return..to the Repursuite of those half-repented Sins..: This is a Reproofe.
βc1380Sir Ferumb. 404 Ne were it for repreue, By Mahoun, þat ys my vowee of þyn heued y wolde þee reue. c1386Chaucer Pard. T. 595 It is repreeue and contrarie of honour For to ben holde a commune hasardour. 1430–40Lydg. Bochas v. xxxii. (1554) 141 b, Bochas list not expresse More of his life fulfilled of all repreues. 1513Douglas æneis i. Prol. 435 That war repreif to thair diuinite, And na reproche vnto the said Enee. 1567Lucres & Eur. H iv b, Yf I shoulde carye thee about wyth me,..what reprefe and shame shulde it be both to the and me?
†b. One who, or that which, is a disgrace or discredit to something. Obs. rare.
c1436Pol. Poems (Rolls) II. 148 Thow Phellippe, foundour of new falsehede, Distroubar of pees,..reprof of alle knyghthode. 1501Douglas Pal. Hon. i. i, Schaw now thy schame,..schaw thy endite reprufe of rethoryis.
†2. Insulting or opprobrious language or action used against a person; insult, contumely, scorn. Obs.
αa1340Hampole Psalter xiv. 4 Reprofe that was sayd agayns men he accept it noght. c1380Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 336 More men wondren whi þei cursen..not for reprofe don to Crist and his majeste. a1400Prymer (1891) 97 (Ps. cxix. 22), Bere awey fro me reprof and despyt. 1596Dalrymple tr. Leslie's Hist. Scot. x. 284 Lenox selfe thay cast doune to the Inglis schipis farr of with gret reprofe.
βc1380Wyclif Serm. Sel. Wks. I. 34 To þe repreef of Crist þei clepide him a Samaritan. c1460Play Sacram. 456 As he was on y⊇ rode that he was on don wt grett repreue. c1510More Picus Wks. 15/2 God had accepted them as worthy to suffer wronge and repriefe for his sake.
†b. With a and pl. An instance of this; an insult in word or deed. Obs.
αa1340Hampole Psalter cxxii. 4 Oure saule trauayls in reprofis and oure body in passiouns. c1400Mandeville (Roxb.) Pref. 1 He sufferd many reprufes and scornes by vs. 1480Caxton Chron. Eng. cxcviii. 176 They cast vpon hym many snowe balles and many other reproues dyd him.
βc1330R. Brunne Chron. Wace (Rolls) 7996 Bytwyxt to þer a stryf þey herde, Of grete reprefs ilk oþer onswerde. 1382Wyclif Ecclus. xxix. 9 And repreues and cursis he shal ȝelde to hym. c1450tr. De Imitatione ii. i. 40 Crist was..in his grettist nede among repreues forsaken of his frendes. 1549Chaloner Erasm. on Folly B ij b, Euen these sage Stoikes dooe not in deede so greatly despise pleasure, as outwardly thei dissemble, and afore folks dooe baite hir with a thousand repreues. 1597Guistard & Sismond B ij, As to the great repreeve also contrived, which alder first ayen me ye object.
†c. An object of scorn or contempt. Obs.
a1340Hampole Psalter xxi. 5, I am a worm and noght man, reproue of men & outkastynge of folke. 1382Wyclif Judith vii. 16 Betere it is..than wee die, and be repref to alle flesh. 1535Coverdale Ps. xxx. 11, I am become a very reprofe amonge all myne enemies.
3. Censure, rebuke, reprimand, reprehension.
αc1350Will. Palerne 652 Alisandrine..bi-þouȝt hire ful busily howe best were to werche,..properly vnparceyued for reproue after. 1422tr. Secreta Secret., Priv. Priv. 189 Reprowe was founde for amendement of hym that Is reprowid. 1538Starkey England i. iv. 139 They may abase themselfe in al vayn lustys & vanyte, wythout punyschement or reproue of any degre. 1568Grafton Chron. II. 662 In reproofe of Jasper Erle of Penbroke, he created William Lord Herbert Erle of the same place. 1607Shakes. Cor. ii. ii. 37 A Mallice, that..would plucke reproofe and rebuke from euery Eare that heard it. 1611Bible Prov. xv. 5 A foole despiseth his fathers instruction: but hee that regardeth reproofe, is prudent. 1709Pope Ess. Crit. 583 Those best can bear reproof, who merit praise. 1848Dickens Dombey ii, Mrs. Chick contented herself with a glance of reproof.
β1382Wyclif Matt. xi. 20 Thanne Jhesus began for to seie repreue to citees. c1400Rom. Rose 7240 Men..holden us for so worthy, That we may folk repreve echoon, And we nyl have repref of noon. a1548Hall Chron., Hen. IV 7 He..suffered them to robbe and pill without correction or reprefe. 1600Fairfax Tasso xvi. xlv, I thee enchanted and allur'd to loue, Wicked deceit, craft worthie sharpe repriefe.
Comb.1382Wyclif 1 Esdr. Prol., The studies of enuyouse men..that alle thing that we wryten, weenen repref wrthi.
b. With a and pl. A censure, rebuke, etc.
α1513Douglas æneis i. Prol. 452 Of resoun me behuvis Excuse Chaucer fra all maner repruvis. 1548Udall, etc. Erasm. Par. Matt. ix. 41 Unto this manifest and false reprofe..Jesus aunswered verey gentelye. 1794Mrs. Radcliffe Myst. Udolpho xii, How have I deserved these reproofs? 1879Farrar St. Paul I. vi. xxiii. 445 A reproof is intolerable when it is administered out of pride or hatred.
β1549Chaloner Erasm. on Folly L ij, What maistrie is it for them to set light store by two or three of those learned mens reprives. 1596Dalrymple tr. Leslie's Hist. Scot. iv. 238 Pape Honorie, throuch scharpe writeings, accuised his wickednes wt a sour repreife.
†4.
a. The condition of being under censure or disapproval. Obs. rare.
c1374Chaucer Troylus ii. 370 (419), Ye nold han had no mercy ne mesure On me, but alwey had me in repreue. c1420Pallad. on Husb. ii. 151 Ther as wrecchid greues, Sour lond, to weet, or salt is, neuer delue; And alwey thristy dri lond in repreue is.
†b. Cause for censure; fault, blame. Obs.
c1375Sc. Leg. Saints x. (Matthew) 367 Matrimone he can commend, gyf þat it will anowrnyt be..& but reprufe kepit alsa. 1413Pilgr. Sowle (Caxton) iv. xxix. (1859) 62 All thyng..shold ben..good, and commendable, that noo repreef were founden therin. 1567Gude & Godlie B. (S.T.S.) 31 Do gude for euill, and leid ȝour lyfe Without reprufe.
5. Disproof, refutation. Now rare or Obs.
1529More Dyaloge iv. Wks. 272/1 There were shewed vnto hym manye thynges for the reproofe of that vnresonable and detestable heresye. 1664Jer. Taylor Dissuas. Popery ii. title-p., In..reproof and conviction of Roman Errors. 1739C. Labelye Short Acc. Piers Westm. Bridge 38 As to the many false Reports..I leave the Piers of Westminster-Bridge, to give them the strongest Reproofs. 1814Cary Dante, Parad. iii. 3 By proof of right, and of the false reproof.
Hence † reˈproofful a.; reˈproofless a.
1609Ev. Woman in Hum. iv. i. in Bullen O. Pl. IV, This critique is hoarsh, unsaverie, and reproofeful. 1827–35Willis David's Grief for Child 18 The rapt wires of his reproofless harp. |