| 释义 |
propio-, propion- Chem.,
a formative derived from propionic, entering into the names of compounds related to propionic acid. The chief are: propioˈlactone, a pungent, colourless, liquid β-lactone, CH2·CO·O·CH2, which is used as a disinfectant; also β-propiolactone. propiˈolic a. [dim. f. propionic], in propiolic acid, CH≡C.CO2H, obs. synonym of propargylic acid; phenyl-propiolic acid, C6H5.C≡C.CO2H: see quot. propiˈonaˌmide, the amide of propionic acid, C3H5O.N.H2: see quots. ˈpropionate, a salt of propionic acid. ˈpropione, di-ethyl ketone (C2H5)2.CO, a colourless mobile liquid lighter than water, in smell resembling acetone; discovered by Frémy in 1835, and called by him metacetone. propioˈnitril, -ile, the nitrile or nitrogen compound of the propyl series, C3H5N, derived from propionyl by substitution of N for O. ˈpropionyl, the monovalent radical C3H5O of propionic acid; formerly called metacetyl.
1917Chem. Abstr. XI. 2577 *Propiolactone..was prepd. by treating an aq. soln. of CH2ICH2CO2Na with AgNO3 and stirring the resulting ppt. for 15–25 min. 1952Chambers's Jrnl. Apr. 255/2 Treating natural wool with a chemical called propiolactone increases its diameter and density without appreciable effect upon its surface properties. 1966McGraw-Hill Encycl. Sci. & Technol. I. 463/2 β-Propiolactone works best at high humidities and is active even below 10°C.
1872Watts Dict. Chem. VI. 962 Phenyl-*propiolic Acid. C9H6O2..related to phenyl-propionic acid in the same manner as stearolic to stearic acid... It crystallises from water or from carbon bisulphide in long white silky needles melting at 136°–137°. 1881Times 3 June 5 Competition with the natural dye-stuff is not to be thought of until the maker can reduce the price of dry propiolic acid.
1857Miller Elem. Chem. III. 239 *Propionamide C6H7NO2, Butyramide C8H9NO2, and Valeramide C10H11NO2, may all be obtained by the action of ammonia upon their respective ethers. 1875Watts Dict. Chem. VII. 1009 Propionamide is colourless, readily soluble in cold alcohol and ether, from which it crystallises in radiate crystalline masses..; from chloroform it crystallises in pearly scales.
1862Miller Elem. Chem. III. 350 Most of the *propionates are soluble and crystallizable. The propionates of potash and soda are deliquescent. Propionate of lime is efflorescent, but very soluble.
1851R. I. Morley in Q. Jrnl. Chem. Soc. IV. 1 (heading) On *Propione, the Ketone of Propionic Acid. 1866Watts Dict. Chem. IV. 729 Propione, C5H10O..is sometimes called ethyl-propionyl.
1857Miller Elem. Chem. III. 166 Cyanide of Ethyl: Hydrocyanic Ether: *Propionitrile (C4H5Cy = C6H5N)..is obtained..by the distillation of sulphethylate of potash with cyanide of potassium. 1864–72Watts Dict. Chem. II. 211 Cyanide of ethyl, Propionitrile, Metacetonitrile,..discovered by Pelouze in 1834..is a colourless liquid, of specific gravity 0·78... It has a strong alliaceous odour, and is very poisonous.
1850Phil. Trans. R. Soc. CXL. 129 The existence of a series of bases of the formula CnHn+1N, i.e. bases containing formyl, acetyl, *propionyl (metacetyl), butyryl, &c., appears to be still doubtful. 1857Miller Elem. Chem. III. 311 Propione.., ethylide of propionyl. 1872Watts Dict. Chem. VI. 962 Propionyl bromide. C3H5OBr. Ibid. 963 Propionyl iodide. C3H5OI. |