| 释义 |
propionic, a. Chem.|prəʊpɪˈɒnɪk|
[ad. F. propionique (Dumas, Malagute, & Leblanc 1847; Comptes Rendus XXV. 781), f. Gr. πρό, pro-2 (or πρῶτος first) + πίων, πιον- fat, in reference to its being the first in order of the actual fatty acids (formic and acetic acids, which precede it in the series, not forming unctuous derivatives).
From propionic are derived the names propane, propene, propyl, and the terms under propio-.]
1. propionic acid, the monatomic monobasic acid of the propyl or tri-carbon series, the third acid of the fatty series, C3H6O2, discovered by Gottlieb in 1844, and by him designated metacetonic acid. Its salts are propionates. Also in comb. as bromopropionic acid, etc.
1850[see propyl]. 1851R. I. Morley in Q. Jrnl. Chem. Soc. IV. 1 The unfortunate term metacetonic or metacetic acid, only lately replaced by the appropriate appellation of propionic acid, now universally adopted. 1859Fownes' Chem. 411 Under the influence of oxidizing agents, propylic alcohol..is converted into an acid analogous to acetic acid, which is called propionic acid..a colorless, transparent liquid, of a peculiar, somewhat pungent odor, similar to that of acetic acid. 1873C. H. Ralfe Phys. Chem. 46 Formic, Acetic, and Propionic acids are present in sweat.
2. propionic aldehyde, C3H6O = C3H5O.H, (propyl aldehyde, hydride of propionyl), a limpid neutral liquid, having an ethereal odour. So propionic ethers, propionic salts, etc.
1866–8Watts Dict. Chem. IV. 734 Propionic aldehyde..discovered in 1847 by Guckelberger. 1880Libr. Univ. Knowl. (N.Y.) VIII. 494 Acetone is isomeric with propionic aldehyde C3H6O. |