| 释义 |
▪ I. request, n.1|rɪˈkwɛst|
Also 4–5 requeste, 5 Sc. raquest, 6 Sc. requeist, requeast.
[a. OF. requeste (12th c.; mod.F. requête) = Prov., Sp., and Pg. requesta, It. richiesta: see quest n.1 and require v.]
I.
1. The act, on the part of a specified person, of asking for some favour, service, etc.; the expression of one's desire or wish directly addressed to the person or persons able to gratify it: a. in phr. at (one's) request.
c1330R. Brunne Chron. (1810) 266 Þise kynges stille þei left at þe pape's request. c1398Chaucer Fortune 76 At my requeste..releue hym of hys peyne. c1420Lydg. Assembly of Gods 573 Wyll ye your rancour sese at my request? 1470–85Malory Arthur iii. iv. 103 He hadde made hym knyght at the request of the Cowherd. 1535Lyndesay Satyre 3388 Ȝe sall, at Chastities requeist, Pas and exame ȝon thrie. 1600Shakes. A.Y.L. ii. v. 23 Iaq...Wil you sing? Amy. More at your request, then to please my selfe. 1687A. Lovell tr. Thevenot's Trav. i. 228 At my request..they let her go a drift. 1821Shelley Ginevra 102 Her maidens.. left her at her own request to keep An hour of quiet.
b. in other contexts. Also (esp. with verbs of giving, refusing, obtaining, etc.), the matter or subject of the asking; that which one asks for.
Usually differing from next only by the use of the possessive pronoun.
c1410Hoccleve Mother of God 95 Our Lord god nat list to werne thee Of thy requeste. c1420Lydg. Assembly of Gods 215 That I may, by your request, her good grace gete. 1447O. Bokenham Seyntys (Roxb.) Introd. 6 Whos request to me is a comaundement. 1513Douglas æneis iv. viii. 59 With siclik wordis hir request scho maid. 1542Udall Erasm. Apoph. 295 b, Alexander could in no wyse abyde to haue any nay in his requestes. 1607Shakes. Timon i. i. 279 No I will doe nothing at thy bidding: Make thy requests to thy Friend. 1667Milton P.L. vii. 111 This also thy request with caution askt Obtaine. 1714Pope Imit. Hor. ii. vi. 77 Consider, 'tis my first request. 1827Pollok Course T. x, Thus have I sung beyond thy first request. 1875Jowett Plato (ed. 2) IV. 427, I fear that I may seem ungracious if I refuse your courteous request.
2. a. An act or instance of asking for something; a petition or expressed desire; a writing or document of this nature; also, that which is asked for.
c1374Chaucer Troylus iii. 99 (148) Lo here an hard request, A resonable lady for to werne. c1460Sir R. Ros La Belle Dame 146 Of his yen the shot y knewe anon, Which federid was with right humble requestis. 1484Caxton Fables of æsop ii. i, They alle to gyder..maade a request to Jupiter that he wold gyue them a kynge. 1563Winȝet Wks. (S.T.S.) II. 33 It is a iust requeist. 1611Shakes. Cymb. i. vi. 181, I had almost forgot T'intreat your Grace, but in a small request. 1668Denham Passion of Dido Poems 136 Ask him to lend To this, the last request that I shall send, A gentle Ear. 1781Gibbon Decl. & F. xvii. II. 67 In a poetical request, addressed to one of the last..of the Roman Princes who reigned in Gaul. 1838Miss Mitford in L'Estrange Life (1870) III. vi. 88 The request made in the foregoing letter was conceded. 1876G. D. Ham Revenue Vade-m. 567 The conditions under which the request is granted..are to be written or printed on the request.
b. spec. A letter, etc., asking for a particular record, song, etc., to be played on a radio programme, often accompanied by a personal message; a record played or a song, etc., sung, either over the radio or to a live audience in response to a request.
1928Radio Times 12 Oct. 79/3 The B.B.C. can never promise to comply with requests, for..suitable opportunities may not arise for weeks or even months. 1949Ibid. 15 July 24/3 Listeners' requests played by Sandy Macpherson at the BBC theatre organ. 1966Listener 4 Aug. 181/3 Judging by the requests, the classical and pre-classical composers are out. 1977Zigzag Mar. 8/2 My sister..saw Roy Eldridge..playing requests in a bar.
3. Without article.
†a. to make request, to ask or beg. Obs.
13..E.E. Allit. P. A. 281 To be excused I make requeste. c1440Partonope 4971 God..I now Reney Yf for hym make I request To yow. c1470Henry Wallace xi. 351 Quhat gestis he had; to tell thai mak raquest. 1560J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 370 Theyr adversaries had made request to be heard in these thinges only. 1611Bible Neh. ii. 4 Then y⊇ king said.., For what doest thou make request? 1700Dryden Sigism. & Guisc. 390, I neither am disposed to make Request for life, nor offered life to take.
Comb.a1598Rollock Wks. (Wodrow Soc.) II. xxvi. 306 The request-maker was one Joseph.
b. The act of asking or fact of being asked (to do something). Chiefly in prepositional phrases, now esp. by request, in response to an expressed wish († so at request).
c1460Sir R. Ros La Belle Dame 122 For the compleynt..Cam to his voyce alway with-out request. 1560Rolland Crt. Venus iv. 741 With all requeist excuse that ȝe wald me. 1589R. Humston (title) A Sermon preached at Reyfham..and eftsoones at request published. 1607Shakes. Cor. ii. iii. 150 The Custome of Request you haue discharg'd. 1683Sir H. Grimstone tr. Croke's Rep. I. 548 Where one is bound to levy a Fine upon Request. 1727–38Chambers Cycl. s.v., For the relief of petitioners, who..should address themselves, by way of request, to his majesty. 1818Cruise Digest (ed. 2) IV. 486 That then the said R. Booth, his heirs, &c. upon request,..should grant and execute..a new lease. 1841tr. Anc. Laws & Inst. Wales XIII. 632/2 There are three motes of request: for tillage; festal games; and the burning of woods. 1976Daily Tel. 20 July 2/7 A list should be provided on request.
†4. A knightly quest. Obs. rare.
1470–85Malory Arthur iii. v. 105 Thenne were they called al thre.., and eueryche of hem..armed them surely. But sir gauayne had the fyrst request, and therfore we wille begynne at hym.
†5. Math. A postulate. Obs. rare.
1551Recorde Pathw. Knowl. ii. xxii, [Because] all ryghte angles bee equall togyther (by the fourth request). 1570Billingsley Euclid i. Postul. 6 Peticions or requestes. 1709–29V. Mandey Syst. Math., Arith. 5 Requests or Petitions. 1. That to any Number we may take a greater.
6. The fact, state, or condition of being asked for or sought after; demand; † vogue, fashion. Chiefly in phrases (a) in request or into request, † (b) of request, † (c) out of request. † Also pl.
a.1586T. B. La Primaud. Fr. Acad. (1589) 753 We shall see cleerely enough that the faithful ought to have that in great request. 1594Nashe Unfort. Trav. 15 My gowne and attyre according to the custome then in request. 1611Bible Transl. Pref. ⁋3 To bring his abridgements into request. 1667Pepys Diary 2 Sept., The only fruit in request..was the Katharine payre. 1711Addison Spect. No. 47 ⁋2 Idiots are still in Request in most of the Courts of Germany. 1822Hazlitt Table-t. Ser. ii. iii. (1869) 71 It may perhaps come into request at some future period. 1871Smiles Charac. ii. (1876) 55 Human intelligence, which is in constant request in a family, needs to be educated.
b.1599H. Buttes Dyets drie Dinner C iij, Both these, are of last and least request. 1613Purchas Pilgrimage ii. iii. 100 Gilgal was a place of request in this kinde. 1632Lithgow Trav. iv. 145 The colour of greatest request among them is greene. 1655Moufet & Bennet Health's Improv. 167 Shrimps were of great request amongst the Romans.
c.1592G. Harvey Four Lett. Wks. (Grosart) I. 191 Even Guicciardines siluer history, and Ariostos golden cantoes, grow out of request. 1622Malynes Anc. Law-Merch. 78 All these stones being out of request with vs, are to be bought for Russia and other places. 1635R. N. tr. Camden's Hist. Eliz. ii. 167 These books..were often read untill..being contemned they grew out of request.
d.1601Shakes. All's Well i. i. 169 Off with't while 'tis vendible. Answer the time of request. 1690Temple Ess., Poetry Wks. 1731 I. 249 While this World lasts, I doubt not but the Pleasures and Requests of these two Entertainments will do so too.
†7. in the request of, in search of. Obs. rare—1.
1759Goldsm. Polite Learn. ix, I have seen these harmless reptiles..ply busily about, each in request of a shell to please it.
II.
8. Court of Request(s): †a. A former court of record, technically forming part of the king's council, held by the Lord Privy Seal and the Masters of Requests for the relief of persons petitioning the king; also, in later use, the hall at Westminster in which the court was held. Obs.
On the origin and history of the court see Leadam Select Cases in the Court of Requests (Selden Soc. 1898).
1516Fabyan's Chron. vi. cliii. 82 A court or counceyll,..lyke vnto the court of requestys, nowe at this day holden in Englonde. 1529in Leadam Sel. Cases Crt. Requests (1898) Introd. 14 Hereafter folowe the names of such Counseillours as be appoynted for the heryng of power mennes causes in the Kynges courte of Requestes. 1591Lambarde Archeion (1635) 22 The Court of Requests that specially heareth the suits of poore men, and of the Princes servants. 1640–4in Rushw. Hist. Coll. iii. (1692) I. 1 The King..came Accompanied with his Nobles through Westminster-hall and the Court of Requests, to the Abbey. 1669E. Chamberlayne Pres. St. Eng. xii. (ed. 2) 217 He [the Lord Privy Seal] is by his Place of the Kings Privy Council, and Chief Judge of the Court of Requests, when it shall be re-continued. 1680Dryden Prol. Lee's Cæsar Borgia 23 One theatre there is of vast resort, Which whilome of Requests was called the Court. 1735Court Mercury (title-p.), In the Passage leading from Westminster-Hall to the Court of Request. 1766Entick London IV. 421 A kind of hall.., called the Court of Requests, used chiefly by those who attend the parliament to walk in.
b. A local court for the recovery of small debts.
The constitution and practice of these courts varied in different localities; for the most part they have been merged in the County Court system established in 1847.
1603–4Act 1 James I, c. 14 §1 The Court of Requestes comonlie called The Courte of Conscience, in the Guild Hall of the same Citie. 1707E. Chamberlayne Pres. St. Eng. iii. x. 355 There is a Court of Request or Conscience, so call'd, because medling with nothing above 40s. value. 1749Act 22 Geo. II, c. 47 §1 Such Commissioners are hereby constituted a Court of Justice, by the Name of The Court of Requests for the Town and Borough of Southwark. 1798[see court n.2 11 c]. 18372nd Rep. Munic. Corporations Eng. & Wales 12 There are two Courts of Requests within the limits of the Corporate jurisdiction; one for London..and the other for Southwark. 1845Act 8 & 9 Vict. c. 127 §10 Every Judge of any such Court of Requests, or Conscience..shall be removable by the Lord Chancellor for Misbehaviour or Incapacity.
c. In India: A small-debt court composed of military officers, held in districts which are outside the jurisdiction of any ordinary court of this kind.
1876Voyle Milit. Dict. 338/1 In each military cantonment a court of request is assembled monthly, and all persons are amenable to it except soldiers in the ranks. 1879Act 42 & 43 Vict. c. 33 §142 Courts of request under this Act shall in all practicable cases consist of five officers.
†9. Master of (the) Request(s):
a. One of the leading officers of the Court of Requests. Hence Mastership of Requests. Obs.
1553Cal. St. Papers, Domestic (1856) 51 All such private suits as are customably brought to the King or his Council, and delivered to the Masters of Requests. 1579Ibid. 637 Signified by letter of Mr. Sec. Wylson to the Masters of Requests. 1625Bacon Apophth. lxxxiv. 110 Sackford, Master of the Request to Queen Elizabeth, had diuerse times moued for audience, and been put off. 1675Lond. Gaz. No. 977/4 This day His Majesty was graciously pleased..to cause him [Thomas Povey, Esq.] to be Sworn one of the Masters of Request. 1691Wood Prop. for Printing Ath. Oxon. 4/2 He had refused a Mastership of the Requests. 1716M. Davies Athen. Brit. II. 316 Nothing but a great Pension for Life and a Master of Requests place, were thought encouragement enough for it.
†b. In France: One of a number of officials forming an advisory and judicial body with a variety of functions. Obs.
1560J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 174 In the moneth of August, ended his lyfe at Paris William Budey, maister of the requestes. 1611Cotgr. s.v. Requeste, Maistres des requestes, the Masters of Requests; at first there were but two,..afterwards they came to be fiue [etc.]. 1727–38Chambers Cycl. s.v. Request, In France..they have eighty masters of requests to take cognizance of causes between the officers of the crown, the servants of the houshold, &c.
†c. In Scotland. Also Office of Requests. Obs.
1561Reg. Privy Council Scot. I. 159 Gif ony letter..be direct fra the Quenis Grace to the Lordis of Counsale, that the maister of Requeistis present and deliver the samyn to the Chancellar. 1582Ibid. III. 529 To promote him to the office of Requeistis; quhairin he continewit weill neir the space of thre yeir. 1607Ibid. XIV. Addenda 472 Mr. Peter Rollok, the Maister of Requeistis. 1633Ibid. Ser. ii. V. 107 Sir James Galloway, Maister of Requeists.
10. Letters of Request:
†a. A note addressed by a ruler or government to a foreign power, requesting compensation for injury done to a subject, or a proper consideration of his claims. Obs.
1442Rolls of Parlt. V. 64/2 Of the whiche Wronges..satisfaction is not made; notwithstanding that divers your Letters of request have been delivered to the high Maister of Pruse,..for the reformation of the same. 1676Molloy De Jure Marit. & Nav. i. ii. §8. 18 Nor should the Prince or State of the Person injur'd, value his misfortune at so low a rate as to deny him Letters of Request. Ibid. §11. 19 This will be no cause for Letters of Reprizal, though perhaps it may occasion Letters of Request..to have a rehearsing of the cause. 1752Beawes Lex Mercat. Rediv. 204.
b. Eccl. A documentary request sent by the judge of one ecclesiastical court to another, esp. to desire that a case may be withdrawn from his own jurisdiction to that of a superior court.
1840Act 3 & 4 Vict. c. 86 §13 It shall be lawful for the Bishop of the Diocese..to send the Case by Letters of Request to the Court of Appeal of the Province. 1873R. Phillimore Eccles. Law II. 1278 It has been said that the Arches Court may take original cognizance by Letters of Request of all causes which may be brought in a Diocesan Court of the Province. Ibid. 1279 Letters of request are sometimes issued for other purposes than for sending the cause to another court.
11. attrib. as, request item, request night, request number, request programme, request session, request week; requestman Naut., a seaman who makes a written request to an officer; also pl., applied to the occasion appointed for the presentation of such requests; request note, a note addressed to a revenue officer requesting permission to remove excisable articles; † request place, a place at which horses and guides might be requisitioned; request stop, a stop at which a bus will halt only on request from a passenger or intending passenger.
1923Radio Times 28 Sept. 17/1 Special *Request Items. 1972P. Black Biggest Aspidistra i. iii. 29 The pluggers kept the initiative by inventing the request item.
1916‘Taffrail’ Pincher Martin vii. 116 ‘*Request-men an' defaulters—'shun!’ bawled the master-at-arms. 1951H. Hastings Sea Gulls over Sorrento in J. C. Trewin Plays of Year IV. 75 You'd better write out a request... You know the routine... Requestmen is at 0900 tomorrow morning and not before! 1961Times 27 Feb. 14/6 Shortly after breakfast C.P.O. Coleshill knocked on my cabin door and entered with his list of requestmen and defaulters.
1923Radio Times 28 Sept. 12/1 Why is it apparently not thought advisable to repeat the ‘*Request Nights’, which..are so popular?
1856Bouvier Law Dict. (ed. 6) *Request Notes. 1876G. D. Ham Revenue Vade-m. 567 The entries for all goods, except cattle, delivered on a request note, are to be passed within three days.
1971‘D. Halliday’ Dolly & Doctor Bird iii. 37 The small coloured orchestra..suddenly broke..into a *request number for jiving.
1827G. Thompson Trav. in S. Africa (ed. 2) I. 261 After a sharp ride we reached Jakhal's-Fonteyn, the first ‘*request place’ in a district called the Winterveld.
1889Cent. Dict., *Request-program, a concert program made up of numbers the performance of which has been requested by the audience. 1955Radio Times 22 Apr. 10/2 A request programme of records. 1976Times 4 Aug. 12/3 On the radio, request programmes for ‘troopies’ in the operational areas aim to keep spirits high.
1959M. Shadbolt New Zealanders 76 The crackling voice of the *request-session announcer.
1943G. Greene Ministry of Fear iv. i. 223 Buses slid quickly past the *Request stops. 1955O. Lancaster in Daily Express 25 Nov. 1/2 (caption) Five years' continuous service without once stopping at a request stop. 1973Times 15 Oct. 17/5 Hiding behind another bus at a request stop so as to avoid seeing the uplifted hand.
1928Radio Times 7 Dec. 649/2 (heading) Children's Hour *request week... The Fourth Request Week will begin on January 7, 1929.
▪ II. reˈquest, n.2 rare—0.
[ad. F. requête: see prec.]
(See quot., which is translated from Furetière Dict. Univ. 1690.)
1727–38Chambers Cycl. s.v., Request, in hunting, is when the dogs have lost the quest or track of the beast, and must request, or quest it again... They say, to call to the request, come to the request, &c.
▪ III. request, v.1|rɪˈkwɛst|
Also 7 as pa. tense.
[ad. OF. requester, f. requeste: see request n.1
In the Wars Alex. 3443 request is probably a scribal error for reknest or rekenest, superlative of reken a.]
1. With inf. To express a wish or desire to have, hear, etc.; to ask or beg the favour or permission to be allowed to do something.
1565Stapleton tr. Bede's Hist. Ch. Eng. 181 He requested farder to haue instructions by his letters what maner of tonsure the clergy should vse. 1596Shakes. Tam. Shr. iv. iii. 122 But did you not request to haue it cut? 1641T. Hayne M. Luther 29 He requested to heare Erasmus judgement concerning Luther. 1760–72H. Brooke Fool of Qual. (1809) III. 133 [He] requested to speak with him apart. 1784Laura & Augustus III. 117, I requested to place down my own name for two chances. 1800H. Wells Constantia Neville (ed. 2) III. 193 To that village I requested to go. 1818G. S. Faber Horæ Mosaicæ I. 217 He again and again requests to be excused from the ungrateful task. 1853Cayley Las Alforjas II. 55 We had requested to sleep in the straw-loft, but our host absolutely refused.
b. Similarly with that or obj. clause.
1611Bible 1 Kings xix. 4 Hee requested for himselfe that hee might die. 1797Mrs. Radcliffe Italian i, He then summoned courage enough to request he might be allowed to inquire after her health.
2. trans. To ask, or ask for (something).
1594Willobie Avisa xlvii, Let sighes and sobbes request her grace. 1635Quarles Embl. v. xi. 285 The drooping Crests of fading Flowres Request the bounty of a morning Raine. 1654Gataker Disc. Apol. 30 Reqesting my Readers patience and pardon, if I shal seem to detain him over-long. 1725Pope Odyss. iv. 856 My ship equip'd within the neighb'ring port, The Prince..Requested for his speed. 1772–84Cook's Voy. (1790) V. 1564 Captain Cook's company was requested. 1819Shelley Cenci iv. iv. 79 Favour me, Sir,..to tell the ladies That I request their presence. 1855Brewster Newton II. xiv. 25 Leibnitz requested farther information respecting the..discoveries.
b. With that or inf. clause.
1766Goldsm. Vic. W. xxxii, I requested that the table might be taken away. 1832Southey Hist. Penins. War III. 437 Requesting that he would endeavour to form a cabinet. 1850A. Jameson Leg. Monast. Ord. 424 Ivo..requested of him to send some of the brethren of his Order to preach the Gospel in his distant..diocese.
3. To ask (one) to do something.
1533Bellenden Livy v. xxiii. (S.T.S.) II. 227 Þe senate requeistit him to leif nocht þe public weill in trubill. 1535Lyndesay Satyre 93, I thee requeist..Me to defend from the deids of defame. 1585T. Washington tr. Nicholay's Voy. ii. v. 34 b, Requesting him to take the same for his lodging. 1609W. M. Man in Moone B iv b, He..brought him to an alehouse, and request him to alight, and enter with him. 1671Milton Samson 1630 He his guide requested..As over-tir'd to let him lean a while. 1791Boswell Johnson an. 1738, Pope.. requested Mr. Richardson..to endeavour to find out who this new author was. 1818Scott Hrt. Midl. vii, Butler requested them to open the gate. 1859Darwin in Life & Lett. (1887) II. 170, I request you, after you have finished, just to re-run over the heads.
absol.1580Lyly Euphues (Arb.) 278 My Father placed vs all in good order, requesting eyther by questions to whette our wittes, or by stories to trye our memoryes.
†b. With double object. Obs. rare.
1563Winȝet Four Scoir Thre Quest. Wks. (S.T.S.) I. 60 Quhilk thing we requeist thee, gentill Reidar. c1592Marlowe Jew of Malta iii. iii, Let me request thee this; Go to the new-made nunnery.
†c. ellipt. To ask (one) to act against another, to come or go to a place, etc. Obs. rare.
1582N.T. (Rhem.) Rom. xi. 2 Know you not in Elias..how he requested God against Israel? 1598B. Jonson Ev. Man in Hum. i. iv, I was requested to supper last night. Ibid. iv. iv, I pray you, sir, let me request you to the Windmill. 1606Shakes. Ant. & Cl. ii. vii. 127 Pompey, goodnight. Good Brother, Let me request you of[f]. 1613Purchas Pilgrimage ix. iv. (1614) 838 He was requested to their warres against the Tapwees.
†d. To win over by entreaty. Obs. rare—1.
1632Lithgow Trav. vii. 302, I intreated them to forbeare, but they would not be requested.
Hence reˈquested ppl. a., reˈquesting vbl. n. Also † reˈquestant, a requester.
1561Preston K. Cambyses C ij b, In stead of his requested life, pleaseth Your grace take mine. 1577Hellowes Gueuara's Chron. 51 In his commaundements hee was uerie wise, and in requesting uerie humble. 1582Stanyhurst æneis, etc. Ps. iv. (Arb.) 132 The lord therefor, when I pray, wil harcken Too mye requesting. 1634Sir T. Herbert Trav. 161, I dare not goe about to trouble you..without a requested pardon. 1660New Haven Cal. Rev. (1858) II. 338 Concerning y⊇ sale of a certaine vessell..then sould by y⊇ requestants vnto one Mr. Rich: Raymond. 1884Tennyson Becket ii. ii, If you, At my requesting, will but look into The wrongs you did him. 1892Athenæum 1 Oct. 454/1 To supply the requested particulars with regard to the stops and other details.
▪ IV. reˈquest, v.2 rare—0.
[ad. F. requêter: cf. prec. and request n.2]
(See quot.)
1727–38Chambers Cycl. s.v., To request the game is chiefly used, when, after having run it down the night before, they seek it again the next morning with the bloodhound, or the like. |