| 释义 |
▪ I. nitride, n. Chem.|ˈnaɪtraɪd|
[f. nitre n. + -ide.]
A compound of nitrogen with another element or radical.
1850T. Graham Chem. (ed. 2) 114 Thus, with the other elementary bodies,..Nitrogen forms nitrides. 1858Thudichum Urine 46 A solution in nitric acid of the nitride of the sub-oxyde of mercury. 1881Nature 6 Oct. 542/1 The nitride of silicon..is obtained by the direct union of nitrogen and silicon.
▪ II. nitride, v.|ˈnaɪtraɪd|
[f. the n.]
trans. To convert into a nitride or nitrides; spec. to heat in the presence of ammonia or other nitrogen-containing gas so as to form nitrides near the surface and improve the hardness and corrosion resistance.
1928Machinery XXXI. 479/1 The parts to be nitrided are placed in a gas-tight box. 1958Aitchison & Pumphrey Using Steel Wisely i. ix. 155 A number of high-alloy steels—such as those employed for aero-engine exhaust valves—are nitrided with very beneficial results. 1966McGraw-Hill Encycl. Sci. & Technol. XIII. 314/1 It is possible to nitride some of the common alloy steels which do not contain appreciable amounts of aluminium, although the hardness in this case is much lower than with nitralloy. 1972Nature 28 Jan. 219/2 The alloys were nitrided in pure, dry nitrogen at 7 atmosphere pressure at 1,050°C.
Hence ˈnitrided ppl. a., ˈnitriding vbl. n.; nitriding steel, steel made with a composition to fit it for nitriding.
1928Machinery XXXI. 478/2 Standard electric furnaces can easily be adapted to the nitriding process. 1928Jrnl. Iron & Steel Inst. CXVII. 855 Photo-micrographs show the nitrided case after nitriding for 90 hrs. at 900°F. 1931Ibid. CXXIV. 615 With the exception of aluminium, all metals present in nitriding steels are transition elements, the nitrides of which have a metallic character. 1952Kirk & Othmer Encycl. Chem. Technol. IX. 26 Nitriding improves the fatigue endurance limit of the heat-treated nitriding steels. 1967Trans. Inst. Engin. & Shipbuilders Scotl. CX. 32 A photograph of a frigate's fine-tooth coupling with barrelled, crowned and nitrided teeth. 1967M. Chandler Ceramics in Mod. World vi. 171 Silicon nitride..is formed in the nitriding process, which consists of taking the element silicon, pressing it into the required form, and then heating to a temperature of about 1400°c in an atmosphere of nitrogen. |