| 释义 |
nitrile Chem.|ˈnaɪtrɪl|
Also -yle, -il.
[f. nitre n. + -ile.]
1. A cyanogen compound of an alcohol radical, in which the alkyl grouping is directly attached to carbon and in which the nitrogen atom may be regarded as trivalent.
1848Chem. Gaz. VI. 449 On the Action of Sulphuretted Hydrogen upon the Nitryles. 1866Odling Anim. Chem. 112 In addition to aldehydes and acids, certain nitriles..have been obtained by muscle oxidation. 1869Roscoe Elem. Chem. 349 Hydrocyanic is the nitril of formic acid.
attrib.1857Miller Elem. Chem., Org. 267 Nicotia appears to belong to the class of nitrile bases.
2. Special Comb.: nitrile rubber, any of the copolymers of acrylonitrile with butadiene in various proportions, which have properties resembling those of natural rubber and are used esp. when oil resistance is necessary, as for fuel hoses, containers, and adhesives.
1947Mod. Plastics Oct. 91/2 The particular difference between nitrile rubber and the more commonly used Buna-S or GR-S synthetic rubber is the use of acrylonitrile instead of styrene. 1954W. L. Semon in G. S. Whitby Synthetic Rubber xxiii. 818 One of the largest uses for nitrile rubber is in the form of latex, in which form it finds application as an adhesive, as a modifier for other water-dispersed resins, and as an impregnant for paper, textiles, and leather. 1972Materials & Technol. V. xiv. 481 The first nitrile rubbers were hot polymerized; later on cold rubbers also became available, which are easier to process. |