| 释义 |
octane Chem.|ˈɒkteɪn|
[f. octa-, octo- + -ane 2 b.]
1. a. The paraffin of the octacarbon series (C8H18). So ˈoctene |-iːn| [-ene], the olefine of the same series (C8H16), also called octylene; ˈoctine |-aɪn| [-ine5], the hydrocarbon of the same series (C8H14) homologous with acetylene or ethine; ocˈtoic a., applied to fatty acids, etc. of the same series, as octoic acid (C8H16O2), one isomeric form of which is caprylic acid.
1872Watts Dict. Chem. VI. 877 Octane. C8H18. This hydrocarbon is one of the constituents of American petroleum. Ibid. 710 Hydrocarbons..Second Series... Olefines..Octene or Octylene, C8H16. 1877― Fownes' Chem. II. 59 Third Series... Ethine or Acetylene Series... Octine, C8H14. 1881― Dict. Chem. VIII. 1424 Octoic acids, C8H16O2.
b. ellipt. for octane number, esp. with prefixed numeral, e.g. 105 octane, or adj., e.g. high octane.
1932, etc. [see high-octane s.v. high a. 22 a]. 1935Oil & Gas Jrnl. 4 July 16/1 Until this spring, 87 octane gasoline was the highest quality used for commercial take⁓offs. 1954[see isooctane b]. 1960J. B. Hill in V. B. Guthrie Petroleum Products Handbk. iv. 20 A particular gasoline may have a Research octane of 88 and a Motor octane of 78. 1966McGraw-Hill Encycl. Sci. & Technol. III. 309/2 High octane gasoline burns in the same manner and with the same flame velocity as low octane gasoline. 1973J. Leasor Host of Extras vii. 136 Adrenalin surged round my body like 105 octane petrol.
2. attrib. and Comb., as (sense 1 b) octane-booster, octane-quality; octane-scented adj.; octane number, rating, a number indicating the anti-knock properties of a motor or aviation fuel, equal (for numbers below 100) to the percentage by volume of isooctane in an isooctane/normal heptane mixture of equivalent peformance (see also quot. 1966).
1971New Scientist 5 Aug. 323/1 Those spokesmen of the oil industry who have been arguing that alkyl lead (added to petrol as an octane-booster..) is not a health hazard.
1931Automobile Engineer Aug. 308/3 Lead tetra-ethyl is the only other practical alternative to cracked spirits as a means of raising the anti-knock value of motor spirit to an octane number of 70 or more (this now being the prime consideration of a premium gasoline or petrol). 1933Flight 4 May 408/1 The British Air Ministry is, rightly or wrongly, taking its time over considering the matter of octane number. 1966McGraw-Hill Encycl. Sci. & Technol. IX. 273/1 Fuels with octane numbers above 100 are usually rated by finding the number of milliliters of tetraethyllead required per gallon of isooctane to give the same resistance to detonation as the fuel sample. 1972Patterson & Henein Emissions from Combustion Engines ii. 63 The octane number of the fuels on the market is about 94 for regular gasoline and 100 for premium gasoline.
1959R. J. Hengstebeck Petroleum Processing i. 3 The octane quality of a gasoline may be rated differently by different engines.
1940A. W. Judge Aircraft Engines I. v. 114 If it was found that a mixture of 78 per cent. of iso-octane and 22 per cent. of heptane matched the particular fuel under test in ‘knocking’ qualities the fuel in question would be said to have an octane rating of 78. 1959R. J. Hengstebeck Petroleum Processing i. 3 Octane ratings above 100 are proportional to their performance potentials. 1972Daily Tel. 15 Mar. 11/7 Lead has been used in growing quantities to raise the octane rating of petrol, allowing modern engines to make more efficient use of the fuel.
1946R.A.F. Jrnl. May 151 Newly-arrived from the octane-scented atmosphere of Station life and full of inspiration. |