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octo-
(before a vowel oct-), combining form of L. octo, and sometimes of Gr. ὀκτώ eight. (The Greek form is more frequently ὀκτα-, octa-.) The more important combinations of octo- will be found in their alphabetical places; the following are technical terms of less frequent use:
ˈoctoblast |-blæst| Biol. [Gr. βλαστός bud], an ovum at that stage of segmentation when it consists of eight cells. octobrachiate |-ˈbrækɪət| a. Zool. [L. brachium arm], having eight ‘arms’, as a cephalopod; octopodous. octocarbon, -chloride: see octa-. octocerous |-ˈɒsərəs|, octoceratous |-ˈsɛrətəs| adjs. Zool. [Gr. κέρας horn], eight-horned; belonging to the Octocera, a name proposed by some naturalists for the Octopoda (cf. decacerous s.v. deca-). octocorallan |-kəˈrælən|, -coralline |-ˈkɒrəlaɪn| adjs. Zool. [coral], belonging to the Octocoralla, one of the main divisions of Anthozoa or corals, characterized by eight chambers of the body-cavity and eight tentacles (cf. hexacorallan s.v. hexa-); as n. one of these corals. octoˈcotyloid a. Zool., having eight cotyloid fossettes, as a worm. octoˈdactyl, -ˈdactylous adjs. Zool. [Gr. δάκτυλος digit], having eight digits. ˈoctode Radio [-ode2], any thermionic valve with eight electrodes, some of which have been used as frequency changers in superheterodyne receivers. octoˈdecimal a. Cryst. [L. decem ten], having eight faces on the prism or middle part, and five on each of the two summits; so octoduodecimal (eight and twelve), octosexdecimal (eight and sixteen). octoˈdentate a. [L. dens tooth], having eight teeth (Webster, 1828). ˌoctodesexˈcentenary a. [L. octo dē sexcentīs eight from six hundred; cf. centenary], applied to a period of 592 years. octoduoˈdecimal a.: see octodecimal. ˈoctofid a. [L. -fidus = cleft], divided into eight segments, as a calyx or corolla. ˈoctofoil a. [after trefoil, etc.: see foil n.1], n. an ornamental figure consisting of eight leaves or lobes; adj., eight-lobed (also ˈoctofoiled). ocˈtogamy nonce-wd. [after bigamy], the marrying of eight spouses. ˈoctoglot a. [Gr. γλῶττα, γλῶσσα tongue: cf. polyglot], written in eight languages. octoˈlateral a. [L. latus side: lateral], eight-sided, formed of eight straight lines, as in octolateral dodecagon, a figure formed of eight straight lines connecting twelve points on a cubic curve. octoˈlocular a. Bot. [L. loculus, dim. of locus place], having eight cells, as a seed-vessel (Webster, 1828). octonematous |-ˈniːmətəs|, -ˈnemous adjs. [Gr. νῆµα thread], having eight filaments or filamentous organs. octoˈpetalous a. Bot. [petal], having eight petals (Bailey (folio) 1730–6). octophˈthalmous a. Zool. [Gr. ὀϕθαλµός eye], having eight eyes. octophyllous |-ˈfɪləs| a. Bot. [Gr. ϕύλλον leaf], consisting of eight leaflets. octoˈradial, -ˈradiate, -ˈradiated adjs. [L. radius ray], having eight rays. octoˈradiant a. = octoradial adj. ˈoctose [a. G. octose (E. Fischer 1890, in Ber. d. Deut. Chem. Ges. XXIII. 934): see -ose2], any monosaccharide having eight carbon atoms in the molecule. octoˈsepalous a. Bot., having eight sepals (Gray Struct. Bot. 1880). octosexˈdecimal a.: see octodecimal above. octoˈspermous a. Bot. [Gr. σπέρµα seed], producing or containing eight seeds (Webster, 1828). ˈoctospore Bot. [spore], name given to each of the eight carpospores produced by certain algæ; so ocˈtosporous a., producing eight spores. ocˈtovalent a. Chem. [L. valēnt-em having power or value], having the combining power of eight atoms of hydrogen; octadic. † ocˈtovirate [L. octovir member of a council of eight; cf. decemvir], a body of eight men, a council of eight.
1857Mayne Expos. Lex. 791/1 *Octoceratous.
1888Proc. Zool. Soc. London 152 Pleading the cause of an *octodactyle ‘Urform’.
1857Mayne Expos. Lex., Octodactylus, Zoöl. Having eight fingers..*octodactylous.
1934A. W. Haslett Radio round World 191 There are many more complicated types of valve, ranging up to the *octode which has eight different components instead of only three. 1943Electronic Engin. XV. 339 Table A shows the more important frequency changers..and it may be noted that three of these, the pentode, the octode and the heptode mixer, owe some of their success to their high anode impedance. 1961Amat. Radio Handbk. (ed. 3) ii. 58/2 When provided with an additional grid used as a suppressor it [sc. the heptode] was referred to as an octode.
1805–17R. Jameson Char. Min. (ed. 3) 206 *Octo-decimal artificial blue vitriol.
1677Plot Oxfordsh. 222 [Thomas Lydiat] first contrived the *Octodesexcentenary Period. [Cf. 223 So that the whole period, or 592 Lydiatean years, do anticipate so many Julian ones by five days.]
1805–17R. Jameson Char. Min. (ed. 3) 206 *Octo-duodecimal artificial blue vitriol.
1760J. Lee Introd. Bot. ii. xxxii. (1765) 157 Laurus, with an *octofid Corolla. 1785Martyn Rousseau's Bot. xxiv. (1794) 341 The exterior calyx..in Hibiscus is octofid. 1875Darwin Insectiv. Pl. xiii. 300 The minute octofid processes with which the leaves are studded.
1886Athenæum 6 Mar. 331/1 An engraved figure of the Agnus Dei..within an *octofoil depression. 1890Macklin Monum. Brasses iv. 88 Floriated octofoil cross. 1958Times 11 Dec. 12/4 An octofoil plain salver.
1846Ecclesiologist N.S. III. 70 A piscina with two orifices—one circular, one *octofoiled. 1848B. Webb Contin. Ecclesiol. 45 The aisle windows are large octofoiled circles.
c1386Chaucer Wife's Prol. 33 Of no nombre mencion made he, Of bigamye or of *Octogamye.
1888New Eng. Dict. s.v. Calepin, There was an *octoglot edition by Passerat in 1609.
1857Mayne Expos. Lex. 791/2 Having eight arms or tentacula, as the umbrellæ of the Favonia octonema: *octonemous.
Ibid., Composed of eight folioles..*octophyllous.
1890Athenæum 12 July 66/3 A simple *octoradial medusa.
1911Beerbohm Zuleika D. xviii. 271 He affixed to his breast the *octoradiant star, so much larger and more lustrous than any actual star in heaven.
1857Mayne Expos. Lex. 792/1 *Octoradiate.
1828Webster, *Octoradiated.
1890*Octose [see heptose s.v. hepta-]. 1931R. J. Williams Introd. Biochem. iii. 26 Aldoheptoses, octoses, nonoses and a decose have been made synthetically. 1962D. J. Bell in Florkin & Mason Comparative Biochem. III. vii. 297 The first natural octose, d-glycero-d-mannoctulose..has recently been isolated from an aqueous extract of the Californian avocado.
1805–17R. Jameson Char. Min. (ed. 3) 312 Observed in the *octosexdecimal topaz.
1870Bentley Man. Bot. (ed. 2) 384 The *octospores ultimately decay unless fecundated by antherozoids.
1857Berkeley Cryptog. Bot. 247 In Nectria inaurata the same hymenium produces ordinary *octosporous asci, and others filled with a multitude of far more minute bodies. 1874Cooke Fungi 182.
1880E. Cleminshaw Wurtz' Atom. Th. 233 In perruthenic acid and in osmic acid..ruthenium and osmium act as *octovalent elements.
1610J. Forbes Rec. Kirk (1846) 355 The cheiffest of that *Octovirat were ever Papists in their hearts. |