| 释义 |
▪ I. † rese, n. Obs.
Forms: 1, 3 ræs, (1 hræs), 3–5 res(e, 3, 5 rease, 4 ras), 4–6 resse, rees(e, 5 reess, reys, 6 reece).
[OE. rǽs masc. = ON. rás fem. (whence race n.1), MLG. râs current:—OTeut. *ræ̂s-, of uncertain relationship. In ME. chiefly a poetic word (very common in the 14th c.), used with considerable laxity of meaning.]
1. A rush or run; a swift course or rapid onward movement; the act of running or moving rapidly or impetuously.
a900Cynewulf Crist 727 Wæs se þridda hlyp, Rodorcyninges ræs, þa he on rode astaᵹ. c950Lindisf. Gosp. Matt. viii. 32 Mid hræs ᵹe-eade all suner..in sæ. Ibid. Luke viii. 23 Ofduna astaᵹ hræs windes on luh. c1000ælfric Hom. II. 514 He het hwilon ða hundas ætstandan, þe urnon on ðam ræse, deorum ᵹetenge. 13..E.E. Allit. P. A. 873 Lyk flodez fele laden, runnen on resse. 1340–70Alisaunder 1189 The steede straught on his gate & stired hym under, And wrought no wod res but his waye holdes. 1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xvi. i. (Tollem. MS.), Also þe rees of þe see is let with multitude of grauell and sonde. c1420Anturs of Arth. 112 He rayked oute at a res, for he was neuer rad. 1483Caxton Gold. Leg. 256 b/2 The deuylle cam wyth a grete Rese to the place.
b. The act of running or rushing against or upon others; a rush in (or to) battle; an onset, assault, attack, sally.
[Beowulf 2357 Syððan ᵹeata cyning guðe-ræsum swealt.] c1000ælfric Exod. 329 Þraca wæs on ore,..beadumæᵹnes ræs,..þær Judas for. c1205Lay. 21367, I þan uormeste ræse fulle fif hundred. c1325Poem Times Edw. II 248 in Pol. Songs (Camden) 334 Hii sholde gon to the Holi Lond and maken there her res. c1330Arth. & Merl. 7152 (Kölbing), He bihinde to ben bi cas, To susten þe paiems ras. 1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) VIII. 348 Þere Edward dwelled al a ȝere wiþ oute eny reese of enemyes. 1425Rolls of Parlt. IV. 298/1 By ye Rees of a Spaynell, yere was on a nyght taken..a man. 1494Fabyan Chron. vii. 646 Certayne knyghtes..dyuerse and sondry tymes brake out by sodeyne resys, and skyrmysshed with the lordes people.
2. in (or on) a rese:
a. In a rush or run; hence, in haste (to get from one place to another).
a1300Cursor M. 6550 Quen þai war war o moyses þai fled a-wai, als [v.r. al] in a res. 13..E.E. Allit. P. B. 1782 Þenne ran þay in on a res, on rowtes ful grete. 13..Gaw. & Gr. Knt. 1164 Rachches in a res radly hem folȝes. c1374Chaucer Troylus iv. 322 (350) For wo he nyste what he mente, But yn a res to Troylus he wente. a1400–50Alexander 2979 Þai russhyn vp in a reys, rynnyn into chaumbres. c1460Towneley Myst. iv. 255, I wille ryn on a res, And slo hym here, right as he lyse.
b. In a hurry, in haste (to do something). So with..rese.
a1300Cursor M. 25433 Þof adam rap him in a res..vs all for to spill. c1330Arth. & Merl. 3990 (Kölbing), King Nanters, king Lot, king Karodas, Þis men armed wiþ gret ras. a1400–50Alexander 1996 He þam redis in a rese & reches to þe sedis.
3. Action proceeding from sudden or violent impulse; wantonness, recklessness, rashness.
a1250Owl & Night. 512 Hit nys for luue noþeles, Ac is þeos cherles wode res. a1310in Wright Lyric P. xxxvi. 100 Unbold icham to bidde the bote, Swythe unreken ys my rees. c1330R. Brunne Chron. (1810) 169 To maynten þe pes, Þe foles forto felle, þat rise wild in res. 141326 Pol. Poems 50 God sende vs pes! þerto eche man be boun: To letten fooles of here res [etc.].
b. to rue one's rese, to repent of an act or course of action. Cf. race n.1 1 b.
a1300Cursor M. 4325 Reu his res þan sal he sare. c1330R. Brunne Chron. (1810) 237 Þe Walssh wer alle day slayn, now rewes þam þer res. a1375Joseph Arim. 491 He arayes his riche men..Þat þorw him reowen no res, þat his red wrouȝten. c1400Song Roland 370 Thoughe Roulond rew þat rese. c1420Avow. Arth. xxii, Ȝette Menealfe, or the mydnyȝte, Him ruet alle his rees.
c. Hot or hasty temper; impatience, anger.
c1330R. Brunne Chron. Wace (Rolls) 4815 Þe kyng was of so felon rees, He ne wolde here of preyere ne pes. 1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) IV. 99 Emila..wolde nouȝt diffame here lord..by wymmen rees and anger. c1400Gamelyn 101 Than bispak his brother that rape was of rees.
d. Natural impulse to something. rare—1.
1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. vii. vii. (Bodl. MS.), [The sick man] liþe vpright and if he yturned is for a tyme to ligge on his side, bi his owne rees he turneþ hym silfe efte and liþe vpright.
4. A sudden or violent impulse; a fit or paroxysm; an attack of distraction or frenzy.
c1275Luue Ron 10 in O.E. Misc. 93 Þis worldes luue nys bute o res..vikel & frakel & wok and les. c1350Will. Palerne 439, I mase al marred for mournyng neiȝh hondes, but redeliche in þat res þe recuuerere þat me falles [etc.]. 1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) IV. 149 Lucrecius..wroot som bokes bytwene þe reses of his woodnesse. 1390Gower Conf. III. 3 Halfdrunke in such a res With dreie mouth he sterte him uppe. c1400Arth. & Merl. 820 (Kölbing), Þeo hore start vp in a res And..Smot hire in þe visage.
b. A rash or violent act.
c1330R. Brunne Chron. (1810) 267 To while þise Cardinals trauaild for þe pes, Here of a wikhals how he bigan a res. c1400Gamelyn 547 Gamelyn and Adam haden doon a sory rees, Bounden and y-wounded men ayein the kinges pees.
5. A short space or point of time, a moment.
a1300Cursor M. 8878 (Cott.), Vte o þat tre it brast a blese Þat brent þam al wit-in a rese. c1370Clene Maydenhod 26 For monnes loue ȝif þou beo-holde Hit lasteþ but a luytel res. c1460Towneley Myst. xxii. 62 Make rowme in this rese I byd you, belyfe. Ibid. xxiii. 481 Thou shall haue drynke within a resse.
▪ II. † rese, v.1 Obs.
Forms: 1 ræsan, 3 ræsen, 3–5 rese, 4 reese (? rise).
[OE. rǽsan = ON. rása to rush, MDu. râzen (Du. razen), MLG. râsen (G. rasen) to rage, storm, f. the stem *ræ̂s-: see prec.]
1. intr. To rush on or upon a person, etc.; to make a rush, attack, or assault on one.
Beowulf 2691 Fyr-draca..ræsde on ðone rofan. a900O.E. Martyrol. 21 Jan. 28 Þæs burhᵹerefan sunu wolde ræsan on hi..& hi bysmrian. 971Blickling Hom. 181 Þa færinga coman þær hundas forþ..& ræsdon on þone apostol. 1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) VI. 477 It semede as þeyȝ sche schulde have i-resed on þe rebel kyng. 1398― Barth. De P.R. xii. Introd. (Tollem. MS.), Som [birds] takeþ here pray fleyinge in þe eyer, and reeseþ neuer up on pray on þe grounde. c1450Mirour Saluacioun 377 No beest nor bridde cruwell shuld neuer on man hafe resed.
transf.c1400Melayne 1305 The Bischoppe es so woundede that tyde With a spere..That one his ribbis gan rese.
b. So with to.
c1205Lay. 1679 ældai heo ræmden & resden to þan castle. c1275Ibid. 6496 Þat deor vp astod and resde to þan stede. c1400Chron. R. Glouc. (Rolls) App. H. 55 O dur..resede to þe folc & slou ham in o stunde.
2. To make a rush or run; to spring or start.
c1205Lay. 1004 Þe riche haueð muchel rum to ræsen biforen þan wrecchan. 1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) I. 231 Þan Marcus resede too, and..kauȝte hym wiþ his honde. Ibid. III. 211 Þe nyȝt to fore his deth his chambre wyndowes were so griselich..i-oponed, þat Iulius resede out of his bedde. 1495Trevisa's Barth. De P.R. xviii. xliv. 806 The elyphaunt hath large eeres..and reesyth and smyteth therwyth ful sore whan he is wrathe.
3. To show excitement; to rage.
a1225Ancr. R. 326 Ure Louerd weop..and grisbatede, and meingde his blod [var. & resede & mengde him seluen]. c1440Ipomydon 1831 (Kölbing), He sterte up in a brayde And bygan for to rese, As he wold take hyr by the nese.
▪ III. † rese, v.2 Obs.
Forms: 1 hrisian, hrysian, 2 hresien, 3 risien, 3–4 rusien, 4 resye, rese,
[OE. hrisian = OS. hrisian to shake, tremble. Goth. -hrisjan to shake. The phonology of the Eng. forms is not quite clear.]
1. trans. To shake; to cause to shake or tremble. Also absol.
c825Vesp. Psalter cviii. 25 [Hia] ᵹeseᵹun mec & hrisedon heafud heara. c1000Ags. Ps. (Spelman) xxviii. 7 Stefn drihtnes hrysiendis westen. 13..Sir Beues (A.) 1818 Whan he com of þat wilde brok, His gode stede him resede & schok. 1340Ayenb. 116 Þervore bit sainte Pawel his deciples þet hi by yzet ase tours yroted ase trawes ine love, zuo þet non vondinge him ne moȝe resye [printed refye] ne rocky. 1377Langl. P. Pl. xvi. 78, I had reuth whan Piers rogged [R. þat Piers rused (sc. the tree)], it gradde so reufully.
2. intr. To shake, in various senses.
Beowulf 226 Wedera leode on wang stiᵹon, sæwudu sældon, syrcan hrysedon. a1000Andreas 127 (Gr.) Hæðne hildfrecan heapum þrungon, guðsearo gullon, garas hrysedon. c1160Hatton Gosp. Mark i. 30 Soðlice þa sæt symones sweᵹer hresiᵹende [earlier MSS. hriðiᵹende]. c1205Lay. 18868 Scullen stan walles biuoren him to-fallen. Beornes scullen rusien. Ibid. 26917 Þa riden Rom-leoden, riseden burnen [c 1275 rusede wepne]. 1340Ayenb. 23 Þe grete wynd..þe greate helles makeþ to resye. c1386Chaucer Knt.'s T. 1128 Ther-out cam a rage and such a vese, That it made al the gates for to rese.
▪ IV. rese
obs. form of raise v.
▪ V. rese
late variant of reose, to fall. Obs. |