| 释义 |
oleo-|əʊliːəʊ|
used a. as combining form of L. oleum oil, in various technical and scientific derivatives and compounds. [Cf. late L. oleomella, oleoselinon, in Isidore Orig., a 450.] The chief of these appear in their places as main words; the following are other examples.
ˈoleoˌduct [after aqueduct], a duct or channel for the conveyance of oil from an oil-well or oil-field. ˌoleoˈjector, an automatic apparatus for injecting oil for lubrication. oleˈometer [-meter], an instrument for determining the density, and so the purity, of oils; = elæometer. oleoˈphilic a. [-philic], having an affinity for oils or oily materials; readily absorbing oil. oleoˈphobic a. [-phobic], tending to repel, or not to absorb, oils or oily materials. oleo-pneuˈmatic a., applied to a device or system which absorbs shocks by a combination of forcing oil through an orifice and compression of air or another gas. ˈoleopˌtene, Chem. [Gr. πτηνός winged, volatile], the liquid part of a volatile oil; = elæoptene (Webster, 1864). ˌoleorefracˈtometer, an instrument for measuring the refractive power of oils. ‖ ˌoleoˈsaccharum [mod.L., f. L. saccharum sugar], a pharmaceutical preparation made by triturating an essential oil with sugar. oleoˈthorax Med. [ad. F. oléothorax (A. Bernou 1922, in Bull. de l'Acad. de Méd. LXXXVII. 457)], a method of treatment, now disused, in which oil is introduced into the pleural cavity; introduction of oil in this manner.
b. as comb. form of oleic, olein, as in oleomargarine: so oleo-palmitin, oleo-stearin (see oleo n.1 oil, quot. 1893). ˌoleophoˈsphoric a. Chem. in oleophosphoric acid, ‘a phosphoretted fatty acid contained in the brain’ (Watts Dict. Chem.).
1886Pall Mall G. 8 Oct. 11/1 The Government decided upon the construction of an *oleoduct... The line must start from Baku, but the terminal point on the Black Sea is left open for the present.
1884Health Exhib. Catal. 110/1 Patent *Oleojector for lubricating steam engine cylinders.
1861Hulme tr. Moquin-Tandon ii. iii. i. 105 Cod-liver oil..should stand at 392° of Lefebvre's *oleometer. 1866–77Watts Dict. Chem. IV. 181 Lefebvre..has constructed..a hydrometer of peculiar construction, called an oleometer, having a very large cylindrical bulb and a very long stem, on which are inscribed densities from 0·8 to 0·94 for the temperature 15°, each density corresponding to that of a commercial oil.
1957Brit. Jrnl. Appl. Physics VIII. Suppl. 6. S23/2 For oils containing oleic acid, the behaviour is different. Zinc and copper behave initially as the other metals in becoming more oleophobic on continued contact with oil and water but this eventually gives place to a reverse trend to increasingly *oleophilic behaviour. 1967[see hydrophobic a. (n.) 2 a]. 1970Sci. Jrnl. Feb. 21/3 Sawdust treated with appropriate silicones is water repellent but strongly oleophilic and will soak up many times its weight of oil.
1946Jrnl. Colloid Sci. I. 513 The..conclusion was that the observed phenomenon was due to the adsorption of eicosyl alcohol from solution upon the interior walls of the flask, to form a film possessing the property of being *oleophobic to (unwetted by) the oil solution. 1967E. Chambers Photolitho-Offset xiv. 210 Others were unsuitable because of extreme low sensitivity to light, or the inherent oleophobic (ink rejecting) character of the tanned coatings.
1839–47Todd Cycl. Anat. III. 587/2 A peculiar fatty acid called *oleophosphoric. 1873C. H. Ralfe Phys. Chem. 18 Oleophosphoric Acid is a yellowish gummy substance, composed of oleic acid, glycerin, and phosphoric acid.
1909Aëronaut. Jrnl. Apr. 64/1 The front wheel is fitted with an *oleo-pneumatic brake for safety purposes. 1930Engineering 16 May 647/1 (heading) Oleo-pneumatic shock absorber for aeroplanes. 1960Times 30 Aug. 4/5 All four wheels..are independently sprung by means of wishbones and Girling oleo-pneumatic spring and damper units.
1897Daily News 2 Oct. 2/5 This..is an *oleorefractometer..whose business it is to tell..the truth about our butter, our oil, our fat.
1757A. Cooper Distiller ii. vi. (1760) 131 Take some fine Loaf Sugar and..Oil,..rub them well together in a Glass Mortar, which is what the Chemists call making an *Oleosaccharum.
1922Jrnl. Amer. Med. Assoc. 24 June 1996/2 The normal pleura would not bear this direct treatment, but in such pathologic conditions the *oleothorax answered the desired purpose. 1938Brit. Encycl. Med. Pract. IX. 309 Oleothorax is a therapeutic method consisting in the introduction of a sterile oil or an oil containing an antiseptic into the pleural cavity. 1962H. Spencer Path. Lung xii. 384 They [sc. liquid paraffin granulomas in the lung] have also been reported following oleothorax... This form of pulmonary oil granuloma has now largely disappeared following the cessation of this form of therapy. |