| 释义 |
Orange, n.2|ˈɒrɪndʒ|
1. a. The name of a town on the river Rhone in France, formerly the capital of a small principality of the same name, which passed in 1530 into the possession of the House of Nassau, and so to the ancestors of William III of England, styled princes of Orange-Nassau. On the death of William III, the territory of Orange was acquired by Louis XIV, and added to France; but the title continued to be held by the cousin of William and his descendants, who now constitute the royal line of Holland. In Eng. Hist., ‘William of Orange’ is an appellation of William III.
The accidental coincidence of this name with that of the fruit and colour (orange n.1), made the wearing of orange ribbons, scarfs, cockades, orange-lilies, etc., a symbol of attachment to William III, and to the principles of the Revolution settlement of 1689, and led to their use by the Orange lodges and Orangemen.
1558–9Clough Descr. Funeral Chas. V in Burgon Life Gresham I. 254 A nobellman..(so far as I coulde understand it was the Prince of Orange), who standing before the herse, strucke with the hand uppon the chest, and sayd—‘He is ded’. 1665Manley Grotius' Low C. Warres 86 Many of the prime Nobility, that did not heartily love the Prince of Aurange. 1680True Copy Let. for Holland, For his..never Failing Friend Roger Le Strange, at the Oranges Court, with Care and Speed, hast, hast, post hast. 1848W. K. Kelly tr. L. Blanc's Hist. Ten Years I. 325 What are these treaties?.. Those of 1814? But these assure the possession of Belgium to the house of Orange.
b. attrib. Of or belonging to the Orange family or dynasty in Holland.
1647G. Wharton Bellum Hybernicale 27 But this is Wormwood to an Orange Scarff and Feather. 1840Penny Cycl. XVI. 98/2 William (IV) Henry Friso..was raised by the Orange party to the stadtholdership in 1747.
2. Eng. Hist. (attrib.) Applied to the ultra-Protestant party in Ireland, in reference to the secret Association of Orangemen formed in 1795: cf. Orangeman.
The exact origin of this use of ‘Orange’ is somewhat obscure. But it is supposed that ‘the two Copes’ of quot. 1795 were members of a celebrated lodge of Freemasons then existing in Belfast, styled ‘The Orange Lodge’, and that thence their adherents were known as ‘Orange boys’ and ‘Orangemen’. The name of this lodge probably had reference to William of Orange, or to the use of orange badges at the anniversaries at which his memory was celebrated; and it was, no doubt, in this sense that the term became perpetuated as a party name. Also freq. as Orange Order. The first two quots. which follow refer to the Orange Lodge of Freemasons.[1783in Joy Hist. Coll. Belfast (1817), The procession was conducted by the Orange Lodge, so confessedly acknowledged to be the first in Europe, being composed of 150 gentlemen..noblemen and commoners of the very first distinction. The Orange Lodge was first revived in Sept. 1780, at which time it consisted merely of the present Past-Master and two other gentlemen. 1791C. T. Bowden Tour through Ireland 236, I was introduced to the Orange⁓lodge by a Mr. Hyndeman... Mr. H. informed me this lodge was founded by a Mr. Griffith, who held a lucrative employment here under Government.] 1795Jephson Let. to Ld. Charlemont 9 Oct. in 13th Rep. Hist. MSS. Commiss. App. viii. 266 It is impossible..to disavow the absolute necessity of giving a considerable degree of support to the Protestant party, who, from the activity of the two Copes, have got the name of the ‘Orange boys’. Ibid., My brother William told me he rode through three hundred well armed ‘Orange boys’ in the middle of the night. 1796Grattan Sp. in Ho. Comm. 22 Feb., Those insurgents, who called themselves Orange Boys, or Protestant Boys—that is, a banditti of murderers, committing massacre in the name of God. 1797in 13th Rep. Hist. MSS. Comm. App. viii. 303 We had a display here yesterday morning of the whole force the ‘Orange boys’, ‘Orange’ wenches, and ‘Orange’ children could muster. 1798Ibid. 341 The Orange system spreads in many parts of this country. 1808G. Moore (title) Observations on the Union Orange Association. 1813Gen. Hist. in Ann. Reg. 93/2 It appeared that Orange lodges met regularly in London, Manchester [etc.]. 1844Regul. & Ord. Army 382 Officers, Non-commissioned Officers, and Soldiers, are forbidden to institute, countenance, or attend Orange-Lodges or any other Meetings whatever, for Party or Political Purposes. 1868Holme Lee B. Godfrey l. 281 The orange candidate's wife. 1884Pall Mall G. 16 Sept. 2/1 Of south-west Lancashire..the Toryism is more orange than bucolic in the lower grades, and very much coloured by Liverpool in the upper strata. 1885Encycl. Brit. XVIII. 453/2 (Peel, Sir Robt.) Peel became, by the necessity of his situation, ‘Orange Peel’, and plied the established engines of coercion and patronage with a vigorous hand. 1902C. L. Falkiner Stud. Irish Hist. 52 On the morrow of that affair [Battle of the Diamond], September 22, 1795, the first Orange Lodge was formed in the house of a farmer named Sloan. 1940L. MacNeice Last Ditch 28 A framed Certificate of admission Into the Orange Order. 1975Irish Times 10 May 9/3 Mr. Thomas Passmore, grand master of the Orange Order in Belfast, said yesterday that while Britain would be simply a small member in an exclusive club if she remained in Europe, outside it she could once again earn the title of Great Britain. 1977P. Carter Under Goliath i. 5 To make sure that the Protestant religion stays on top of the league in Northern Ireland, is what the Orange Order is all about. |