| 释义 |
organistrum|ɔːgəˈnɪstrəm|
[a. med.L. organistrum, f. organum organ.]
A name for the earliest form of hurdy-gurdy (see quots. 1954, 1974.)
[c1350Nova Legenda Anglie (1901) II. 310 Tundalus..uidit quasi castrum et papiliones plurimas..in quibus chordas et organa, timpana et citharas cum organistris et cymbalis canentes..audierat.] 1870C. Engel Descr. Catal. Mus. Instrum. S. Kensington Mus. 38 The organistrum had three strings, producing three different tones, which appear to have consisted of the tonic, fifth, and octave. 1940C. Sachs Hist. Mus. Instruments (1942) xiv. 272 The hurdy-gurdy then [sc. in the 13th century] was no longer called organistrum, but symphonia in Latin (or rather Greek), chifonie in French and cinfonia in Spanish. 1954Grove's Dict. Mus. (ed. 5) IV. 416/1 In the 12th century the organistrum was about five feet in length, and two executants were required, one of them to turn the handle which moves the wheel (rotulus) and the other to manipulate the key-mechanism (plectra). There were three strings, the outer tuned in octaves, the middle one a fourth or fifth below the highest string. 1960Times 10 June 4/5 The New York performers [of the Ludus Danielis], however, have added an orchestra consisting of a trumpet, soprano recorder, oboe, carillon, handbells, viola, hurdy-gurdy (organistrum), [etc.]. 1974Encycl. Brit. Macropædia X. 437/1 The organistrum, a large medieval hurdy-gurdy operated by two players: one turned a crank rotating a wheel that rubbed against one or more strings to make them sound, while the other produced different notes by turning the key-shaped levers that stopped the strings at various points. |