| 释义 |
▪ I. our, pron.|aʊə(r)|
Forms; 1 úre, 2–5 ure, (hure, 3 hore), 3–5 ur, (4 wr); 3–6 oure, (3–4 hour(e), 4–5 owre, 4– our, (5–7 owr, 5 owur, 6 eure, 7 or).
[Com. Teutonic: see below.]
In OE. used (invariably) as the genitive pl. of the 1st person pronoun, and (with adj. inflexions) as the corresponding possessive pronoun, whether adjectively or absolutely. In mod.Eng. only the possessive pronoun used adjectively, the absolute form being ours. See the paradigm in I pron.
A. pers. pron. [OE. (úser, ússer) úre = OFris., OS. úser, OHG. unsar, ON. vár, Goth. unsara.] The genitive plural of the first personal pronoun: = Of us. (In OE. also the genitive governed by some adjs. and vbs.) Obs. (or blending with the poss. pron. B. 1, in some phrases, as in our midst = in the midst of us, on our behalf, and with sense of the objective genitive, as in our despite, in our defence, our dismissal, our accusers, our pursuers).
Beowulf 1386 Ure æᵹhwylc sceal ende ᵹebidan worolde lifes. a900Ags. Ps. (Th.) xi. 9 Ðeah..heora sy mycle ma þonne ure. c1000ælfric Gen. iii. 22 Adam can yfel and god, swa swa ure sum. c1000Ags. Ps. (Th.) cxiii. 21 Weorð ðu ure ᵹemyndiᵹ. c1175Lamb. Hom. 21 Þah ure an heofde idon eower alre sunne. c1200Ormin 7766 Þat ure nan ne þurrfe Ut off þe rihhte weȝȝe gan. c1205Lay. 16311 Betere beoð ure fifti. a1225Leg. Kath. 803 Hwuch ure is kempe. c1250Gen. & Ex. 2262 Ne wiste ur non gilt ðor-on. a1300K. Horn 815 Ȝef vre on ouercomeþ ȝour þreo. c1380Sir Ferumb. 2629 Our on mot nedes leuen her.
b. esp. when accompanied by the genitive plural of all: our all, OE. úre ealra, ME. oure aller, of us all, all our. See aller.
c1000Ags. Ps. (Th.) lxxxvi. 6 Ure ealra bliss eardhæbbendra on anum þe ece standeþ. c1200Trin. Coll. Hom. 213 Þat is ure alre wune. c1200Ormin 7491 Ure allre land iss Paradis. a1300Fall & Passion 51 in E.E.P. (1862) 14 Maid bere heuen king þat is al ure creatoure. a1300Cursor M. 9709 (Cott.) Wit-vten vr al [Gött. all vre] comun a-sent. c1385Chaucer Prol. 823 Vp roos oure hoost and was oure aller cok [v. rr. oure alder, our alþer, owre alder].
B. possessive pron. [OE. (úser) úre = OFris. ûse, OS., ODu. unsa (MDu. onse, Du. onze, ons), OHG. unsêr (MHG., Ger. unser), ON. vár-r, Goth. unsar), arising from inflecting the genitive pl. in A. as an adj., which in some of the langs. caused a contraction of the original form.
OE. úre was declined like ordinary adjs. in -e, as gréne; remains of this, as gen. sing. masc. and neuter úres, dat. sing. and pl. úrum, later úren, acc. sing. m. úrne, were still in use in 12–13th c.]
1. a. Of or belonging to us, i.e. to the speakers, or to the speaker and the person or persons whom he speaks for or includes. The possessive adj. corresponding to we, us; expressing the genitive of possession; also the objective genitive, as in our defence, our Maker, our persecutors: see A.
In the first two OE. instances it has the value of the genitive case in A: to our both = to both of us; of our none = of none of us.
Beowulf 2659 Urum (dat.) sceal sweord ond helm byrne ond byrdu-scrud bam ᵹemæne. c897K. ælfred Gregory's Past. 211 ᵹe habbaþ ᵹecyðed ð æt ᵹe ures nanes ne siendon.
c893K. ælfred Oros. i. i. §1 Ure ieldran ealne þisne ymbhwyrft þises middanᵹeardes..on þreo todældon. c1000Ags. Gosp. Matt. vi. 11 Urne ᵹedæᵹhwamlican hlaf syle us todæᵹ [c 1160 Hatton G. ure]. Ibid. 12 And forᵹyf us ure gyltas swa swa we forᵹyfað urum gyltendum [Hatton G. ure..ure]. Ibid. Luke i. 71 He alysde us of urum feondum [Hatton G. uren feonden]. a1200Moral Ode 195 Vre forme fader gult we abuȝeð alle. c1250Gen. & Ex. 2261 It was in ure seckes don. c1275Lay. 3656 And Aganippus hour king. Ibid. 8545 Hail beo þou hore kinge. a1300Cursor M. 23698 (Edinb.) For wr [Cott., Gött. vr, Fairf. our, Trin. oure] eldern pliht. c1300Havelok 338 Sa[y] we nou forth in hure spelle. c1325Spec. Gy Warw. 506 Holi writ is oure myrour In whom we sen al vre socour. c1330R. Brunne Chron. Wace 3480 What do ȝe, Vs to chalange of vur fe? c1375Rel. Ant. I. 38 Oure uchedayes bred ȝeve us to day. c1485Digby Myst. ii. 405 The law ys commyttyd to owur aduysment. 1536Cromwell in Merriman Life & Lett. (1902) II. 13 My lorde Chaunceler and I by owyr letteres..aduertysyed you therof. 1593Shakes. Rich. II, ii. i. 245 'Gainst us, our lives, our children, and our heirs. 1712Addison Spect. No. 421 ⁋9 The Perfection of our Sight above our other Senses. 1848Thackeray Van. Fair xl, ‘Miss Briggs and I are plunged in grief..for the death of our Papa.’
b. Of the body of Christians, as Our Lord, Our Saviour, Our Lady, or of humanity, as Our Father.
971Blickl. Hom. 11 Ure Drihten Hælend Crist. Ibid. 13 Þonne biþ Drihten ure se trumesta staþol. c1000Ags. Gosp. Matt. vi. 9 Fæder ure þu þe eart on heofonum. a1175Cott. Hom. 235 Bodeden ures hlafordes to-cyme. c1175–1832 [see lady n. 3]. a1225Ancr. R. 66 Ȝe, mine leoue sustren, uoleweð ure lefdi. 1340Ayenb. 6 Þet oure lhord him-zelf ous uorbyet. a1548Hall Chron., Hen. VII 15 In y⊇ yere of our redempcion .M.cccc.lxxxviii. 1568Grafton Chron. II. 31 The yere of our Lorde M.c. 1650Fuller Pisgah iii. x. 433 Handselled with our Saviour's heavenly Sermon. 1850Robertson Serm. Ser. i. xvi, Our Lord affixed a new significance to the word Love. 1853Ibid. Ser. ii. xxii, What did our Redeemer mean?
c. In imperial or royal use, instead of my. Corresponding to the similar use of we, q.v.
[c1075Laws of William in Schmid Gesetze 354 Willelmus rex Anglorum, dux Normannorum, omnibus hominibus suis, Francis et Anglis, salutem. Statuimus imprimis super omnia, unum Deum per totum regnum nostrum venerari.] 1258Eng. Proclam. Hen. III 4 And we hoaten alle vre treowe in þe treowþe þæt heo vs oȝen. 1467–8Rolls of Parlt. V. 590/1 Edmund Hampden Knyght, oure Rebell. 1568Grafton Chron. II. 103 Geven at Laterane the tenth yere of our popedome. 1594Shakes. Rich. III, i. i. 120 Heauen will take the present at our hands. 1708Royal Proclam. 18 Jan. in Lond. Gaz. No. 4403/2 The Watermen belonging to..Our most Dear Consort. 1837Queen Victoria Royal Proclam., Our Will and Pleasure is, That, [etc.] Given at Our Court at Kensington, the Twenty-first Day of June 1837, in the First Year of Our Reign.
d. In vaguer sense: With whom or which we have to do; whom we have in mind; of whom (or which) we are speaking; of the writer and his readers, or merely of the writer. Hence used by editors and reviewers. Cf. we.
1612Proc. Virginia 68 in Capt. Smith's Wks. (Arb.) 141 If we should each kill our man. 1612T. Taylor Comm. Titus i. 6 This sinne..against which our Apostle leuelleth. 1653H. More Antid. Ath. ii. ii. (1712) 47 So our profound Atheists and Epicureans..do not stick to infer. 1780Beckford Biog. Mem. 148 Here our artist remained six weeks. 1784T. Sheridan Swift's Wks. Pref., Impropriations which run thro' the whole body of the works, not only of our author, but of all other English writers. 1816Scott Antiq. xxvi, We must now introduce our reader to the interior of the fisher's cottage. Mod. Here we take leave of our author.
e. Used familiarly with a Christian name to denote a relative (esp. a child) or acquaintance of the speaker. Also, with surname, an employee of a company, and, in joc. address to a patient, the diseased or injured part of the body.
1847A. Brontë Agnes Grey xi. 163, I sent our Bill to beg Maister Hatfield to be so kind as look in on me some day. 1856Dickens Dorrit (1857) i. xiii. 118 Now, let's see whether there's anything else the matter, and how our ribs are? 1864― Mut. Fr. (1865) I. ii. ix. 246 Sloppy explained..that the Orphan (of whom he made mention as Our Johnny) had been ailing. 1911F. H. Burnett Secret Garden xxvii. 298 He..took a golden sovereign from his pocket and gave it to ‘our 'Lizabeth Ellen’, who was the oldest. 1932N. Royde-Smith Incredible Tale ix. 131, I sent up our Mr. Wilkinson, who has lived in Russia. 1936‘G. Orwell’ Diary 11 Feb. in Coll. Ess. (1968) I. 175 The son ‘our Joe’, just turned 15. 1952‘W. Cooper’ Struggles of Albert Woods i. ii. 23 ‘What do you think of it, our Albert?’ his mother cried. 1968‘J. Fraser’ Evergreen Death v. 40 ‘What are you doing out here then, our Arnold?’ his sister asked. 1977G. Markstein Chance Awakening xxii. 70 ‘He's a swinger,’ said Chance. ‘Our Mike gets around.’
f. our hero: used familiarly of the hero by the writer of a work of fiction, biography, etc.
1804J. Bisset Crit. Ess. Young Roscius p. x, Our little Hero caught the first theatric spark. 1854Rawdon Brown Let. 6 May in M. Lutyens Millais & Ruskins (1967) 205 He..said that he had amused him more than anyone since Robinson Crusoe! A greater compliment could certainly not have been paid our hero. 1905H. A. Vachell Hill v. 110 Much of our hero's time was spent in the company of the Duffer. 1961Mind LXX. 104 And so our hero escapes from his appalling predicament: with one bound, Jack was free. 1975Radio Times 29 May 13/1 Most of the books have a fair amount of physical violence which leaves Our Hero battered almost to pulp.
†2. absolutely: = ours. Obs.
In OE. and Early ME. the predicative and absolute use had (as in ordinary adjs.) the same form as the attributive. This continued with some southern writers down to the 17th c., although the differentiated form ures, oures, ours, had arisen in the north before 1300, and had become general Eng. by 1500.
c897K. ælfred Gregory's Past. xlv. 335 Hiera æᵹen we him sellað nalles ure. c1000Ags. Gosp. Mark xii. 7 Þonne bið ure seo yrfeweardnes. c1200Trin. Coll. Hom. 145 Þine sunnen þe beð forgiuene. Swo beo us alle ure. 1297R. Glouc. (Rolls) 4396 Vre is þe maystrye. Ibid. 9368 Þe riȝte al oure is. a1300Cursor M. 7465 (Cott.) A man o þair gains an of vr [Fairf. oure]. 1340Ayenb. 112 Hit is oure uor he hit ous let. c1374Chaucer Troylus iv. 511 (539), I wil be ded or she shal bleuen oure. 1425–6Bp. of Winchester in Chron. London 166 Your owne wele and our alle. c1489Caxton Sonnes of Aymon xxvi. 545 Your fader dyde assaylle our by treyson. 1554–9Songs & Ball. Philip & Mary (1860) 5 Hys ryghtyusnes ys owr, owr inequyte ys hys. 1601Daniel Civ. Wars vi. lxi, We rule who liue: the dead are none of our. 1641‘Smectymnuus’ Vind. Answ. ii. 38 Our is the more ancient Liturgie, and our the more noble Church.
3. Our Father. Used as a name of the ‘Lord's Prayer’: = paternoster.
1882Edna Lyall Donovan xl, Together [they]..said the ‘Our Father’ and sealed their reconciliation.
4. Our Lady's, esp. in names of plants: see lady n. 18, lady's cushion, etc.
▪ II. † our, conj.
Obs., app. reduced from outher: see under or conj. A. β
▪ III. our
obs. or dial. var. over adv., prep., v.; obs. f. hour; var. of owhere Obs. |