| 释义 |
▪ I. apposition1|æpəʊˈzɪʃən|
[a. OFr. aposicion, apposition, variant of opposition, in med.L. sense of oppōnĕre: see appose v.1]
A public disputation by scholars; a formal examination by question and answer; still applied to the ‘Speech day’ at St. Paul's School, London.
1659–60Pepys Diary 9 Jan., My brother John's speech, which he is to make the next apposition. 1864Press 18 June 588 St. Paul's School..celebrated its annual Apposition on Wednesday.
▪ II. apposition2|æpəʊˈzɪʃən|
[ad. (perh. through mod.Fr. apposition 16th c.) L. appositiōnem, n. of action f. appōnere to put to: see apposite.]
1. The action of putting or placing one thing to another; application.
1541R. Copland Guydon's Quest. Cyrurg., Yf after the fyrste apposycyon..it blede nat wel. 1559Morwyng Evon. 367 All suche thinges as..fomentacions, apposicions, embroches, etc. 1650Fuller Pisgah iv. vi. 117 By apposition, or putting of sweet odours to the dead body. 1726Ayliffe Parergon 308 By the Apposition of a Publick Seal. 1875Poste Gaius ii. 220 The apposition of the seals of seven attesting witnesses.
†2. That which is put to or added; an addition.
1610J. Guillim Heraldry §1. i. (1660) 10 For distinction sake, to annex some apposition over and above their paternall Coat. 1655Fuller Ch. Hist. ii. 67 The Place is plainly written Cern, without any paragogical apposition.
3. The placing of things in close superficial contact; the putting of distinct things side by side in close proximity.
1660Stanley Hist. Philos. 64/2 The mistion of the Elements is by apposition. 1669Gale Crt. Gentiles i. i. vi. 35 [The word] according to the various apposition of the leters, may signifie either a foot, or a river. 1830Lyell Princ. Geol. (1875) I. ii. xix. 488 These layers must have accumulated one on the other by lateral apposition. 1850Daubeny Atom. The. iv. 121 The result of the apposition of an assemblage of smaller crystals.
4. The fact or condition of being in close contact, juxtaposition, parallelism.
1606G. Carleton Tithes Exam. iv. 21 b, There is an apposition betweene things of the same kinde. a1652J. Smith Sel. Disc. v. 160 A mere kind of apposition or contiguity of our natures with the divine. 1801Fuseli Lect. Art. (1848) The true medium between dry apposition and exuberant contrast. 1824–8Landor Imag. Conv. (1846) 159 He places strange and discordant ideas in close apposition. 1878T. Bryant Pract. Surg. I. 145 The cut surfaces and edges of the wounds are to be brought into apposition.
†5. Rhet. The addition of a parallel word or phrase by way of explanation or illustration of another. Obs.
1561T. N[orton] Calvin's Inst. iii. 187 Calling faith the worke of God, and geuing it that title for a name of addition, and calling it by figure of apposition Gods good pleasure. a1638Mede Wks. i. xxiv. 93 It is an Apposition, or ἐξήγησις, the latter words declaring the meaning of the former; ‘Peace on earth,’ that is, ‘Good will towards men.’
6. Gram. The placing of a word beside, or in syntactic parallelism with, another; spec. the addition of one substantive to another, or to a noun clause, as an attribute or complement; the position of the substantive so added.
c1440Gesta Rom. (1879) 416 Yonge childryn that gone to the scole haue in here Donete this question, how many thinges fallen to apposicion? 1591Percivall Span. Dict., A Preposition..either in Composition, as, Contrahecho..or in Apposition, as, En la casa. 1657J. Smith Myst. Rhet. 191 Apposition is a figure..whereby one Noune Substantive is for Declaration and distinction sake added unto another in the same case. 1860Jowett Ess. & Rev. 398 In the failure of syntactical power..in various forms of apposition, especially that of the word to the sentence. |